Giuseppe Farina

Giuseppe Farina
Nationality	Italian
Born	Emilio Giuseppe Farina (1906-10-30)30 October 1906 Turin, Piedmont, Italy
Died	30 June 1966(1966-06-30) (aged 59) Aiguebelle, Savoie, France
Formula One World Championship career Active years 1950–1957 Teams Alfa Romeo, Ferrari, Lancia Entries 36 (33 starts) Championships 1 (1950) Wins 5 Podiums 20[note 1] Career points 115  1⁄3 (127  1⁄3)[note 2] Pole positions 5 Fastest laps 5 First entry 1950 British Grand Prix First win 1950 British Grand Prix Last win 1953 German Grand Prix Last entry 1957 Indianapolis 500
24 Hours of Le Mans career Years 1953 Teams Scuderia Ferrari Best finish DISQ

Dottore Emilio Giuseppe "Nino" Farina (30 October 1906 – 30 June 1966), was an Italian racing driver and was the first official Formula One World Champion, gaining the title in 1950. He was also the Italian Champion in 1937, 1938 and 1939. During his thirty-year racing career he suffered a series of accidents.

Early years

Born in Turin, Farina was the son of Giovanni Carlo Farina (1884–1957) who founded the Stabilimenti Farina coachbuilder.^[1] Giuseppe began driving a two-cylinder Temperino, at the age of just nine. He became a Doctor of Political Science (although some sources say engineering), he also excelled at skiing, football and athletics. He cut short a career as a cavalry officer with the Italian army to fulfil a different ambition: motor racing.^{[2][3][4][5][6]}

While still at university Farina purchased his first car, a second-hand Alfa Romeo, and ran it in the 1925 Aosta-Gran San Bernardo Hillclimb. While trying to beat his father, he crashed, breaking his shoulder and receiving facial cuts, establishing a trend that continued throughout his crash-prone career. His father finished fourth.^{[2][3][5][7][8]}

Farina's damaged Alfa Romeo 8C-35 at the 1936 Deauville Grand Prix

During the 1933 and 1934 seasons Farina returned to the sport, racing Maseratis and Alfa Romeos for Gino Rovere and Scuderia Subalpina, and began a friendship with Italian racing legend Tazio Nuvolari. It was Nuvolari who to some extent, guided Farina's early career.^[2] In 1935, he raced for the factory Maserati team, showing enough promise to impress Enzo Ferrari, who recruited him to drive for Scuderia Ferrari, the team that ran the works-supported Alfa Romeos. It was in an Alfa Romeo 8C that he finished second in the Mille Miglia, after driving through the night without lights. He made mistakes aplenty, but kept coming back for more and became a Grand Prix winner, when he won the 1937 Grand Prix of Naples.^{[2][3][5][6][7][8]}

Although he was noted for his driving style and intelligence, he had a petulant streak and disregard for his fellow competitors whilst on the race track.^[9] He was involved in two fatal accidents. The first was during the 1936 Grand Prix de Deauville, when he tried to pass Marcel Lehoux for second. Farina's Alfa Romeo 8C collided with Lehoux's ERA, causing the ERA to overturn and catch fire. Lehoux was thrown out, received a fractured skull and died in hospital, while Farina escaped with minor injuries. Two seasons later, during the 1938 Gran Premio di Tripoli, László Hartmann's Maserati 4CM cut a corner in front of Farina. The cars to collided and overturned. Farina survived without major injuries, but Hartmann died the following day.^{[8][9][10][11]}

In 1938, the official Alfa Romeo team, Alfa Corse, returned to motor sport and Farina was a member. Driving the new Alfa Romeo 158 Voiturette in 1939, he won the Grand Prix d'Anvers, Coppa Ciano and the Prix de Berne, to become the Italian Champion for the third year in succession. The following year, he won the Tripoli Grand Prix and finished second in the Mille Miglia for the third time.^{[2][3][6][7][8]}

Post WWII career

After World War II, Farina returned to Alfa Corse to drive their 158. He won the 1946 Grand Prix des Nations. However, he left Alfa Corse after a disagreement over team leadership and sat out the whole of the 1947 season. He came back to the sport in 1948 with a privately entered Maserati and a works Ferrari. During this period, he also got married to Elsa Giaretto. In her opinion motor sport was a silly and dangerous activity, and she tried to persuade Farina to stop.^[12] Three days after their high society wedding, the Farina flew to Argentina where he drove his Maserati 8CL to victory in the Gran Premio Internacional del General San Martín. On his return to Europe, he won the Grand Prix des Nations and 1948 Monaco Grand Prix. Using Ferrari's first Grand Prix car, the Ferrari 125, he won the Circuito di Garda before giving the Temporada another visit. This resulted in victory in the Copa Acción San Lorenzo in February 1949. The rest of the year he raced Maseratis for Scuderia Milano and Scuderia Ambrosiana, and at times in his own 4CLT/48. He won the Lausanne Grand Prix and then was re-signed by Alfa Corse.^{[2][3][5][7][8][12][13][14][15][16]}

1950 World Champion

In 1950, Farina returned to Alfa Romeo for the inaugural FIA World Championship of Drivers. The opening race of the season was held at Silverstone Circuit, in front of 150,000 spectators. Farina won, from teammates Luigi Fagioli and Reg Parnell, completing an Alfa Romeo 1-2-3. There was plenty of drama to be had during the season. At Monaco, just eight days later, a multiple pile-up on the first lap, at the Tabac Corner, saw Farina spin out of a race that Juan Manuel Fangio went on to win. In the 1950 Swiss Grand Prix, Farina beat his teammate Fagioli into second. The next race, at Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps, saw Fangio beat Fagioli, with Farina finishing in fourth with transmission problems. At this stage, Farina still led the championship on points: Farina 22; Fagioli 18; Fangio 17.^{[6][7][17][18][19][20][21]}

When Fangio won the 1950 French Grand Prix, Farina finished outside of the points in seventh. By the season finale, the 1950 Italian Grand Prix, Farina was trailing his teammate by two points. For Alfa, Monza was home territory and so they fielded an additional car for Piero Taruffi and Consalvo Sanesi. It was the Ferrari of Alberto Ascari who put pressure on the Alfas during the early stages of the race, lying in second, in the knowledge his car only needed one fuel stop to the Alfas' two, but his eventual lead was temporary as his car expired in a cloud of smoke. Soon after, Fangio's gearbox failed and Taruffi handed over his car, only for it to drop a valve and retire. Instead, first position and therefore the championship went to Farina.^{[6][7][20][22][23]}

He continued with Alfa Romeo for the 1951 season, but had to give best to Fangio, who secured the title for the Milanese marque. As for Farina, he finished the season in fourth place, with his only world championship victory coming in the 1951 Belgian Grand Prix at the Spa-Francorchamps. Farina switched back to the Scuderia Ferrari for 1952, when Grand Prix racing switched to Formula 2 specification, but had to take second place to team leader Ascari. He won the non-championship Gran Premio di Napoli and Monza Grand Prix. Ascari's total domination of the championship had been a bitter blow to Farina's self-image.^[20] He also drove Tony Vandervell's Thinwall Special – a modified Ferrari 375 F1 car to second place in the end-of-season Woodcote Cup at Goodwood.^{[24][25][26][2][6][7][8][27]}

He remained at Ferrari for the 1953 season. Farina was involved in a large accident at the first race of the season, the Argentine Grand Prix. President Juan Perón had allowed free access to the race for everyone. This meant the drivers had to race with hordes of spectators lining the circuit, and a young boy ran across the track while Farina was committed to a fast corner, the Curva Nor Este. Farina was forced to take evasive action and swerved into the spectators standing on the exit of the corner, killing seven and injuring many others.^[8][28][29]

Farina's best result of the season was victory in the 1953 German Grand Prix. He took up the challenge against the works Maserati of Fangio and Mike Hawthorn when Ascari car lost a wheel. Other non-Championship Formula One victories came in the Gran Premio di Napoli and Grand Prix de Rouen-les-Essarts. By now he had accepted that Ascari and Fangio were faster drivers than him,^[8] and Farina finally seemed to have harnessed his experience into a less win-or-bust approach to racing. This resulted in a strings of podium finishes, gaining third place in the World Championship. This year saw the introduction of the World Sportscar Championship, and as part of the Scuderia Ferrari squad of drivers, Farina made a number of appears, winning twice. The first came in the 24 Heures de Spa-Francorchamps, when he and Hawthorn had a winning margin of 18 laps, which amounted to about an advantage of close to 90 minutes. The second victory came in the next race, the 1953 1000km of Nürburgring, this time partnered by Ascari, with a smaller margin of just under 15½ minutes. He also triumphed in the Daily Express Trophy race at Silverstone in another one-off race in the Thinwall Special.^{[2][6][7][30][31][32]}

Although he was now 47, a golden opportunity arose at Ferrari, when Ascari left the team, leaving Farina he team leader. After early season results including victories in the 1000 km Buenos Aires sports car race, co-driven by the young Italian Umberto Maglioli, and Syracuse Grand Prix, he crashed heavily in the Mille Miglia whilst leading in his Ferrari 375 Plus. Just seven weeks later, and with his right arm still in plaster, Farina raced in the 1954 Belgian Grand Prix. He was leading before the end of the first lap, dicing with Fangio's Maserati, until the ignition failed on his Ferrari.^{[2][6][33][34][35]} Later in the season he was badly injured in the Supercortemaggiore Grand Prix, a sports car race at Monza, as a consequence of which he spent 20 days in hospital.

He was back with Ferrari for the start of the 1955 season in Argentina, taking morphine injections to ease the pain. But the heat took its toll on all of the drivers. Farina pitted due to exhaustion, with his Ferrari 625 being taken over by the team's spare driver, Maglioli. When José Froilán González pitted, a revived Farina was sent out in his place. Later in the race, González – who was back in his car – crashed but rejoined and handed the car back to Farina, who brought it home in second. Third place in the 1955 Argentine Grand Prix went to Farina's original car which had been drivern by Maglioli and Maurice Trintignant. After a third place in Belgium, Farina 'retired' mid-season, owing to the continued pain and the death of Ascari. He returned for the 1955 Italian Grand Prix, but his Scuderia Ferrari-entered Lancia D50 suffered a tyre failure at 170 mph during a practise session, whilst on the Monza's new banking. The car spun, but Farina stepped out unhurt. Ferrari withdrew the car from the event, and Farina did not start his final Grand Prix.^{[2][6][7][36][37]}

Farina entered the 1956 Indianapolis 500, with a six-cylinder Ferrari engine installed in a Kurtis Kraft chassis. The car, sponsored by Bardahl, was listed on the entry as a Bardahl-Ferrari. Qualifying for the race was scheduled for four days during May. The second weekend saw heavy rain that cancelled the third day and left only a small amount of time for drivers to contest the remaining spaces of the grid. This meant a few drivers didn't get a chance to qualify on the fourth day. Farina was one of them, and the project was deemed a failure. Farina elected to race a conventional Indy car in 1957, but he had difficulty getting the car up to speed and experienced some handling problems. His teammate, Keith Andrews, stepped into the car for a test run, but crashed on the frontstretch, the car backed into the inside wall and Andrews was crushed to death between the cowl and fuel tank. Farina withdrew from the event and never returned.^{[2][3][6][7][38][39][40][41]}

Death

Following his retirement, Farina became involved in Alfa Romeo and Jaguar distributorships and later assisted at the Pininfarina factory.^[2][3]

On his way to the 1966 French Grand Prix, Farina lost control of his Lotus Cortina in the Savoy Alps, near Aiguebelle, hit a telegraph pole and was killed instantly. He was not only visiting to spectate but also to film, for throughout the season he had been the adviser and driving double of the French actor Yves Montand, who played an ex-World Champion in the film Grand Prix.^{[2][3][7][8][42][43]}

Racing record

Career highlights

Complete Formula One World Championship results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position, races in italics indicate fastest lap)

* Indicates Shared Drive
** In the 1955 Argentine Grand Prix, Farina finished both 2nd (shared drive with Trintignant and González) and 3rd (shared drive with Maglioli and Trintignant). He was awarded one-third of the points for each result.

Non-Championship Formula One results

(key)

* Indicates Shared Drive with André Simon

Complete 24 Hours of Le Mans results

Year	Team	Co-Drivers	Car	Class	Laps	Pos.	Class Pos.
1953	Scuderia Ferrari	Mike Hawthorn	Ferrari 340 MM Pininfarina Berlinetta	S5.0	12	DSQ (Illegal refuel)

Complete 24 Hours of Spa results

Year	Team	Co-Drivers	Car	Class	Laps	Pos.	Class Pos.
1936	Scuderia Ferrari	Eugenio Siena	Alfa Romeo 8C 2900A	Compr.		DNF (Valve)
1953	Scuderia Ferrari	Mike Hawthorn	Ferrari 375 MM Pininfarina Berlinetta	S	260	1st	1st

Complete Mille Miglia results

Year	Team	Co-Drivers	Car	Class	Pos.	Class Pos.
1934	Scuderia Subalpina	Luigi Della Chiesa	Alfa Romeo 6C 1750	T2.0	DNF
1936	Scuderia Ferrari	Stefano Meazza	Alfa Romeo 8C 2900A	+2.0c	2nd	2nd
1937	Scuderia Ferrari	Stefano Meazza	Alfa Romeo 8C 2900A	S+2.0	2nd	2nd
1938	Alfa Corse	Stefano Meazza	Alfa Romeo 8C 2900B	S3s/4.5	DNF (Accident)
1940		Paride Mambelli	Alfa Romeo 6C 2500 SS	3.0	2nd	1st
1953	Ferrari Spa	Luigi Parenti	Ferrari 340 MM Touring Spyder	S+2.0	DNF (Accident)
1954	Scuderia Ferrari	Luigi Parenti	Ferrari 375 Plus	S+2.0	DNF (Accident)

Complete Carrera Panamericana results

Year	Team	Co-Drivers	Car	Class	Pos.	Class Pos.
1952	Scuderia Guastella	Bill Spear	Ferrari 340 Mexico Vignale Spyder	S	DNS

Complete 12 Hours of Casablanca results

Year	Team	Co-Drivers	Car	Class	Pos.	Class Pos.
1953	Scuderia Ferrari	Piero Scotti	Ferrari 375 MM	S+2.0	1st	1st

Indianapolis 500 results

Notes

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Giuseppe Farina.

References

Further reading

• "The World Champions: Giuseppe Farina to Jackie Stewart", Anthony Pritchard, 1974
• "The Grand Prix Who's Who", Steve Small, 1995