Berrien County, Michigan

Berrien County, Michigan

Seal
Map of Michigan highlighting Berrien County
Location in the U.S. state of Michigan
Map of the United States highlighting Michigan
Michigan's location in the U.S.
Founded October 29, 1829 (created)
1831 (organized)[1]
Named for John M. Berrien
Seat St. Joseph
Largest city Niles
Area
 • Total 1,581 sq mi (4,095 km2)
 • Land 568 sq mi (1,471 km2)
 • Water 1,014 sq mi (2,626 km2), 64%
Population
 • (2014) 155,233
 • Density 276/sq mi (107/km²)
Congressional district 6th
Time zone Eastern: UTC-5/-4
Website www.berriencounty.org

Berrien County is a county located in southwest Michigan just north of Indiana. As of the 2010 census, the population is 156,813.[2] The county seat is St. Joseph.[3]

Berrien County is included in the Niles-Benton Harbor, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the South Bend-Elkhart-Mishawaka, IN-MI Combined Statistical Area.

History

As one of the Cabinet counties, Berrien County was named for John M. Berrien of Georgia, U.S. Attorney General under U.S. President Andrew Jackson (1829–1831).[1] The county was founded in 1829 and organized in 1831.[4]

After creation of the Michigan Territory in 1805, the territory now comprising Berrien County was part of Wayne County, Michigan. About 1780, William Burnett came from New Jersey and established a trading post at the mouth of the St. Joseph River (present-day site of St. Joseph), and traded with indigenous peoples and French Canadians who lived in the area at that time. About the same time, Joseph Bertrand also established a trading post on the river, in a location now part of Niles Charter Township.[5] In December 1822, missionary Isaac McCoy moved his family and 18 Indian students from Indiana to a site on the St. Joseph River near the present-day city of Niles to open a mission to the Potawatomi Indians. The Carey Mission, as he named it, was 100 miles from the nearest White settlement.[6] In 1827 St. Joseph Township was organized as part of Wayne County. The township included all lands acquired from the Native Americans by the Treaty of Chicago of 1821.

Berrien County's boundaries were set by an act of the legislature of the Michigan Territory on October 29, 1829, with its present limits, but it was initially attached as Niles Township to Cass County for administrative purposes. In 1831 Berrien County was detached from Cass County.

The county was initially divided into three townships: Berrien Township, consisting of present-day townships of Berrien, Oronoko, and Lake plus a two-mile strip north of that territory; St. Joseph Township, consisting of everything north of Berrien Township; and Niles Township, consisting of everything south of Berrien Township.[7]

Government

Presidential Elections Results[8]
Year Republican Democratic Third Parties
2016 53.7% 38,647 41.0% 29,495 5.4% 3,889
2012 52.5% 38,209 46.0% 33,465 1.5% 1,088
2008 46.4% 36,130 51.9% 40,381 1.7% 1,323
2004 55.0% 41,076 44.0% 32,846 1.0% 749
2000 54.7% 35,689 43.2% 28,152 2.2% 1,400
1996 47.7% 28,254 41.5% 24,614 10.8% 6,427
1992 42.0% 29,252 37.1% 25,840 20.9% 14,523
1988 62.8% 37,799 36.5% 21,948 0.7% 436
1984 66.6% 43,160 32.8% 21,228 0.7% 436
1980 61.0% 41,458 32.6% 22,152 6.4% 4,368
1976 61.1% 40,835 37.7% 25,163 1.2% 800
1972 68.3% 43,047 29.5% 18,597 2.3% 1,416
1968 51.1% 32,136 33.8% 21,266 15.1% 9,514
1964 43.9% 26,387 55.9% 33,653 0.2% 122
1960 60.9% 37,425 38.8% 23,837 0.4% 244
1956 65.5% 35,397 34.2% 18,454 0.4% 194
1952 62.9% 32,932 36.5% 19,088 0.6% 300
1948 58.9% 22,003 38.9% 14,516 2.3% 842
1944 60.7% 24,832 38.8% 15,886 0.5% 216
1940 57.0% 22,778 42.5% 16,961 0.5% 208
1936 41.3% 15,321 56.1% 20,822 2.7% 982
1932 42.5% 14,123 55.5% 18,447 2.1% 694
1928 68.6% 19,064 30.8% 8,555 0.6% 172
1924 63.7% 15,612 18.2% 4,445 18.1% 4,440
1920 74.1% 15,748 22.8% 4,855 3.1% 662
1916 53.7% 7,511 43.3% 6,054 3.0% 426
1912 23.1% 2,752 35.4% 4,225 41.5% 4,958
1908 58.1% 7,260 36.8% 4,598 5.2% 645
1904 63.0% 7,309 32.9% 3,819 4.1% 476
1900 55.5% 6,595 41.7% 4,960 2.8% 334
1896 56.1% 6,672 40.3% 4,792 3.6% 424
1892 48.6% 4,979 46.0% 4,716 5.5% 561
1888 49.7% 5,128 45.5% 4,689 4.8% 497
1884 48.1% 4,445 48.2% 4,458 3.7% 345

The county government operates the jail, maintains rural roads, operates the major local courts, keeps files of deeds and mortgages, maintains vital records, administers public health regulations, and participates with the state in the provision of welfare and other social services. The county board of commissioners controls the budget but has only limited authority to make laws or ordinances. In Michigan, most local government functions — police and fire, building and zoning, tax assessment, street maintenance, etc. — are the responsibility of individual cities and townships.

Elected officials

(information as of June 2013)

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,581 square miles (4,090 km2), of which 568 square miles (1,470 km2) is land and 1,014 square miles (2,630 km2) (64%) is water.[9]

The county borders the state of Indiana to the South and includes a portion of Lake Michigan to the West. Van Buren County is to the north and northeast. Cass County is to the east.

The St. Joseph River is a major geographical feature, flowing mostly north and west through the county from Niles to its mouth on Lake Michigan at St. Joseph. The southwest of the county is drained by the Galien River and its tributaries. Paw Paw Lake is in the north of the county, along with the Paw Paw River, which flows into the St. Joseph River just before it enters Lake Michigan. A tiny portion along the Indiana state line is drained by small tributaries of the Kankakee River, which ultimately flows into the Mississippi River. This is one of the few areas of Michigan drained by the Mississippi River, the other being an area of Michigan's Upper Peninsula near the Wisconsin border.

Major highways

Adjacent counties

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
1830325—
18405,0111,441.8%
185011,417127.8%
186022,37896.0%
187035,10456.9%
188036,7854.8%
189041,28512.2%
190049,16519.1%
191053,6229.1%
192062,65316.8%
193081,06629.4%
194089,1179.9%
1950115,70229.8%
1960149,86529.5%
1970163,8759.3%
1980171,2764.5%
1990161,378−5.8%
2000162,4530.7%
2010156,813−3.5%
Est. 2016154,010[10]−1.8%
U.S. Decennial Census[11]
1790-1960[12] 1900-1990[13]
1990-2000[14] 2010-2013[2]

The 2010 United States Census[15] indicates Berrien County had a 2010 population of 156,813. This is a decrease of 5,640 people from the 2000 United States Census. Overall, the county had a -3.5% growth rate during this ten-year period. In 2010 there were 63,054 households and 41,585 families in the county. The population density was 276.2 per square mile (106.6 square kilometers). There were 76,922 housing units at an average density of 135.5 per square mile (52.3 square kilometers). 78.3% of the population were White, 15.3% Black or African American, 1.6% Asian, 0.5% Native American, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 1.8% of some other race and 2.4% of two or more races. 4.5% were Hispanic or Latino (of any race). 29.0% were of German, 7.4% Irish, 6.8% English and 5.5% American ancestry.[16]

There were 63,054 households out of which 29.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.8% were husband and wife families, 13.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 34.0% were non-families, and 28.7% were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 2.98.

In the county, the population was spread out with 23.4% under age of 18, 8.5% from 18 to 24, 23.2% from 25 to 44, 28.6% from 45 to 64, and 16.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females there were 94.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.6 males.

The 2010 American Community Survey 1-year estimate[17] indicates the median income for a household in the county was $40,329 and the median income for a family was $51,305. Males had a median income of $26,745 versus $16,289 for females. The per capita income for the county was $22,337. About 12.1% of families and 16.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 28.5% of those under the age 18 and 8.3% of those age 65 or over.

Recreation

State parks

Other parks

Resorts and beaches

Golf courses

Wineries

Communities

Cities

Villages

Census-designated places

Other unincorporated communities

Townships

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "Bibliography on Berrien County". Clarke Historical Library, Central Michigan University. Archived from the original on March 13, 2012. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  2. 1 2 "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
  3. ↑ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on 2011-05-31. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  4. ↑ "The History of Berrien County, Michigan". Southwest Michigan Business & Tourism Directory. Retrieved October 2, 2014.
  5. ↑ Coolidge, Orville W. (1906). A Twentieth Century History of Berrien County Michigan, pp. 19-20. The Lewis Publishing Company.
  6. ↑ ”Rev. Isaac McCoy” http://baptisthistoryhomepage.com/mccoy.isaac.1st.indn.miss.html, accessed 19 Feb 2011
  7. ↑ Coolidge (1906), p. 24.
  8. ↑ http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS
  9. ↑ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Archived from the original on November 13, 2013. Retrieved September 19, 2014.
  10. ↑ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved June 9, 2017.
  11. ↑ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on May 12, 2015. Retrieved September 19, 2014.
  12. ↑ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved September 19, 2014.
  13. ↑ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 19, 2014.
  14. ↑ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 19, 2014.
  15. ↑ "American Factfinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 11, 2012.
  16. ↑ "American FactFinder"
  17. ↑ "American Factfinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 11, 2012.
Adjacent places of Berrien County, Michigan
 Lake County, Illinois Van Buren County Van Buren County
Cook County, Illinois Cass County
   Berrien County, Michigan  
Porter County, Indiana LaPorte County, Indiana St. Joseph County, Indiana

Coordinates: 41°56′N 86°35′W / 41.94°N 86.59°W / 41.94; -86.59

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