Nicholas Carew (Lord Privy Seal)

Arms of Carew: Or, three lions passant in pale sable[1]

Nicholas Carew (died 1390), of Beddington in Surrey, was an English lawyer, landowner, courtier, administrator and politician who served as Keeper of the Privy Seal during the reign of King Edward III.

Origins

Traditional sources make him a son of Nicholas Carew,[2][3] who married twice and died in 1308, but this is improbable and he was more likely a grandson.[4][5]

Career

Not being heir to any significant property, he probably trained as a lawyer, working for private clients and for the crown. By 1342 he had been granted the manor of Banstead in Surrey for life and to this he added holdings in Kent. Three major clients were the Chief Justice of the King's Bench, Sir Richard III Willoughby, his daughter and heiress Lucy, and her husband Sir Thomas Huscarle, an MP who was lord of the manor of Purley Magna in Berkshire and died by 1352. By 1356 Carew had married the widow, gaining control of her lands in Surrey and Berkshire, and made her manor of Beddington, which her father had bought in 1345, the family home.[6][7]


In 1360 he was chosen to sit for Surrey in Parliament and he became a trusted member of the Royal Household.[8] In 1371 he was appointed Keeper of the Privy Seal, the first layman to hold the post, and remained in office until the king's death in 1377.[9] He was one of the group of courtiers around Edward III, including William, Lord Latimer, Lord John Neville, Sir Alan Buxhull, Richard Lyons, and the king's mistress Alice Perrers, who increasingly controlled access to and decisions emerging from the king as his health failed. Influential in the royal campaign in 1376 against William Wykeham, bishop of Winchester, he was named as an executor and trustee of the king's will.[10]

After the king's death, he sat again for Surrey in the Parliament of October 1377.[11] Alice Perrers asked him to help refute the allegations against her but when she went on trial in December the court heard his view that it was she who induced the senile king to pardon Richard Lyons from his conviction for financial malpractice.[12]

Thereafter he seems to have withdrawn from public life, dying on 17 August 1390.[13] In his will, made at Beddington on 13 October 1387 and proved at Croydon on 26 September 1390, he asked to be buried in the church of St Mary at Beddington next to his brother John, a priest.[14] Despite being a county member in Parliament and a senior member of government, he does not appear to have been knighted.

Family

Sometime after 1352 he married Lucy, widow of Sir Thomas Huscarle and daughter and heiress of Sir Richard III Willoughby and his first wife Isabel Mortain.[7] Children mentioned in his will were:[15]

References

  1. ↑ Debrett's Peerage, 1968, Carew Baronets, p.155; Baron Carew p.216
  2. ↑ Pole, Sir William (died 1635), Collections Towards a Description of the County of Devon, Sir John William de la Pole (ed.), London, 1791, pp.513,
  3. ↑ Lt.Col. J. L.Vivian, (Ed.) The Visitations of the County of Devon: Comprising the Heralds' Visitations of 1531, 1564 & 1620, Exeter, 1895, p.134, pedigree of Carew
  4. ↑ London Borough of Sutton website.
  5. ↑ Rawcliffe, Carole (Jan 2008), "Carew, Nicholas (d. 1390)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, retrieved 19 July 2017
  6. ↑
  7. 1 2 Malden, H E (1912), "Parishes: Beddington", A History of the County of Surrey: Volume 4, London, pp. 168–178, retrieved 21 July 2017
  8. ↑
  9. ↑ Powicke, F. Maurice and E. B. Fryde Handbook of British Chronology 2nd. ed. London:Royal Historical Society 1961 p. 91
  10. ↑
  11. ↑
  12. ↑ Paine, Colin (Jan 2008), "Buxhull, Sir Alan (1323?–1381)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, retrieved 20 July 2017
  13. ↑
  14. ↑ Lysons, Daniel (1792), The Environs of London: County of Surrey, T. Cadell, p. 51, retrieved 17 July 2017
  15. ↑
  16. ↑ A possible daughter was Elizabeth (died 1410), recorded as marrying first Roger Lewknor (died 1401), of Horsted Keynes in Sussex, and secondly Roger Knyvett.
Political offices
Preceded by
Peter Lacy		 Lord Privy Seal
1371–1377 		Succeeded by
John Fordham
Parliament of England
Preceded by
 Member of Parliament for Surrey
1360 		Succeeded by
Parliament of England
Preceded by
 Member of Parliament for Surrey
October 1377 		Succeeded by
John I Hathersham
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