Ataque de nervios

Ataque de nervios (Spanish pronunciation: [aˈtake ðe ˈnerβjos], Portuguese: ataque de nervos, pronounced [ɐˈtaki dʒi ˈneʁvus] or [ɐˈtakɨ ðɨ ˈneɾvuʃ], also known as "Puerto Rican syndrome"[1]) is a psychological syndrome most associated in the United States with Spanish-speaking people from the Caribbean although commonly identified among all Iberian-descended cultures. Ataque de nervios translates into English as "attack of nerves",[2] although it is used in its common cultural form to refer to a specific pattern of symptoms, rather than being a general term for feeling nervous.[3] The condition appears in Appendix I of the revised fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) as a culture-bound syndrome.[4][5]

Classification

Despite comparisons to panic attack, investigators have identified ataque de nervios as a separate syndrome with measured differences in anxiety sensitivity and types of attacks.[2][6]

Symptoms

Reported aspects of the syndrome include uncontrollable screaming or shouting, crying, trembling, sensations of heat rising in the chest and head, dissociative experiences, and verbal or physical aggression.[7][8] The reaction is usually associated with a stressful event relating to the family, although it is not specifically defined as arising from such occurrences.[9]

History

Ataque de nervios was first mentioned in Puerto Rico by US military psychiatrists who observed a young Puerto Rican experiencing unusual illness.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Steinberg, Marlene (1990) Transcultural issues in psychiatry: The Ataque and multiple personality disorder; Dissociation 3(1):31-33 https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/1494
  2. 1 2 Razzouk D, Nogueira B, Mari Jde J (May 2011). "The contribution of Latin American and Caribbean countries on culture bound syndromes studies for the ICD-10 revision: key findings from a working in progress". Rev Bras Psiquiatr. 33 Suppl 1: S5–20. PMID 21845335.
  3. ↑ "Ataque de nervios and panic disorder". American Journal of Psychiatry. 151: 871–875. 1994.
  4. ↑ American Psychiatric Association (1 January 2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition: DSM-IV-TR. American Psychiatric Pub. p. xxxiv. ISBN 978-0-89042-665-4.
  5. ↑ Yo Jackson (18 August 2006). Encyclopedia of Multicultural Psychology. SAGE Publications. p. 131. ISBN 978-1-4129-0948-8.
  6. ↑ Keough M. E., Timpano K. R., Schmidt N. B. (2009). "Ataques de nervios: culturally bound and distinct from panic attacks?.". Depress. Anxiety. 26: 16–21. doi:10.1002/da.20498.
  7. ↑ Lewis-Fernandez, R., Guarnaccia, P. J., Patel, S., Lizardi, D., & Diaz, N. (2005). Ataque de Nervios: Anthropological, epidemiological, and clinical dimensions of a cultural syndrome. In A. M. Georgiopoulos & J. F. Rosenbaum (Eds.), Perspectives in cross-cultural psychiatry. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.
  8. ↑ Rhoades, G., & Sar, V. (2005). Trauma and dissociation in a cross-cultural perspective: Not just a North American phenomenom. Binghamton, NY: The Hawthorn Press.
  9. ↑ American Psychiatric Association (1 January 2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition: DSM-IV-TR. American Psychiatric Pub. p. 899. ISBN 978-0-89042-665-4.
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