National Command of the Ba'ath Party

The National Command of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party was the ruling organ of the party between sessions of the National Congress, and was headed by a Secretary General.[1] Between National Congresses, the National Command was held accountable by the National Consultative Council (Arabic: al-majlis al-istishari al-quami).[2] The National Consultative Council was a forum made up of representatives from the party's regional branches.[2] However, the number of National Consultative Council members were decided by the size of the regional branch.[2] The National Congress elected the National Command, National Tribunal, the party's discipline body, and the Secretary General, the party leader.[2] The congress delegates determined the party's policies and procedures.[2]

The National Command had sweeping authority.[3] The National Congress was the only body which could hold a vote of confidence against the National Command.[3] It had the authority to establish party organizations, to direct the affairs of subordinate party organs which, according to the party's Internal Rules, could not "for any reason direct themselves", the authority to elect and dissolve a Regional Command, to approve party-to-party cooperation, to approve of the party's participation in government and legislative assemblies, to publish works in the party's name, to direct party policy on international affairs and decide on all matters regarding party policy.[3] Because of these responsibilities several National Command organs were established, such as the Secretariat and the National Liaisons Office for instance.[3]

Before 1954, the party was ruled by the Executive Committee, but this organ, along with others too, were replaced at the 2nd National Congress (for more, see "Structure" section).[1] In Ba'athist jargon "Nation" means the Arab Nation, because of that, the National Command formed the highest policy-making and coordinating council for the Ba'ath movement throughout the Arab world.[1] The National Command had several bureaus, similar to those of the Regional Command.[2] National Command sessions were held monthly.[2] Of these, the National Liaisons Office was responsible for maintaining contact with the party's Regional Branches.[4]

Structure

Members

Members of the Executive Committee and the 2nd–8th National Commands
Name Took office Left office Representing
(Regional Branch)
Term(s) Duration Note
Aflaq, MichelMichel Aflaq 6 April 1947 23 February 1966 Syria 8 18 years, 323 days Served as the party's Secretary General from 1947 to 1965.
al-Bitar, Salah al-DinSalah al-Din al-Bitar 6 April 1947 1 September 1959 Syria 2 12 years, 148 days
al-Sayyide, JalilJalil al-Sayyide 6 April 1947 June 1954
1 7 years, 56 days
al-Ghanim, WahibWahib al-Ghanim 6 April 1947 1952
1 4 years, 270 days
al-Bitar, MidhatMidhat al-Bitar 1949 1952
1 3 years, 0 days
ar-Rikte, FuysalFuysal ar-Rikte 1949 1952
1 3 years, 0 days
Mandhur, Abdul RahmanAbdul Rahman Mandhur 1949 1952
1 3 years, 0 days
al-Hawrani, AkramAkram al-Hawrani 1952 1 September 1959 Syria 1 7 years, 243 days The former leader of the Arab Socialist Party.
Mandisi, AttunAttun Mandisi 1952 June 1954
1 2 years, 151 days A politician from the Arab Socialist Party.
al-Rikabi, FuadFuad al-Rikabi June 1954 August 1960 Iraq 2 6 years, 61 days Served as the Regional Secretary of the Iraqi Regional Branch.
Jabir, AliAli Jabir June 1954 23 October 1964 Lebanon 4 9 years, 144 days Served as the Regional Secretary of the Lebanese Regional Branch.
Rimawi, AbdullahAbdullah Rimawi June 1954 1 September 1959 Jordan 1 5 years, 92 days Served as the Regional Secretary of the Jordanese Regional Branch.
Na'was, AbdallahAbdallah Na'was June 1954 1 September 1959 Jordan 1 5 years, 92 days
Shumitli, Abd al-WahhabAbd al-Wahhab Shumitli 1 September 1959 May 1962 Lebanon 2 2 years, 242 days
Shararah, GhassanGhassan Shararah 1 September 1959 May 1962 Lebanon 2 2 years, 242 days
El-Shibib, TalibTalib El-Shibib 1 September 1959 May 1962 Iraq 2 2 years, 242 days Served as the Regional Secretary of the Iraqi Regional Branch.
Hammadi, Sa'dunSa'dun Hammadi 1 September 1959 May 1962 Iraq 2 2 years, 242 days
Yashruti, KhaledKhaled Yashruti 1 September 1959 23 October 1963 Palestine 3 4 years, 52 days Was elected to the National Command at the 3rd National Congress as a Lebanese Regional Branch representative.
al-Razzaz, MunifMunif al-Razzaz 1 September 1959 23 February 1966 Jordan 5 6 years, 175 days Served as the party's Secretary General from 1965 to 1966.
Shuqayr, AminAmin Shuqayr 1 September 1959 August 1960 Jordan 1 335 days
May 1962 23 October 1963 Jordan 1 1 year, 175 days
Khayzaran, Faysal HabibFaysal Habib Khayzaran August 1960 May 1962 Iraq 1 1 year, 273 days
Dulaymi, Khalid Ali SalihKhalid Ali Salih Dulaymi August 1960 May 1962 Iraq 1 1 year, 273 days
Yaghi, GhalibGhalib Yaghi August 1960 May 1962 Lebanon 1 1 year, 273 days
al-Sadi, Ali SalihAli Salih al-Sadi May 1962 18 February 1964 Iraq 2 1 year, 293 days Served as the Regional Secretary of the Iraqi Regional Branch.
al-Majid, Hamid AbdHamid Abd al-Majid May 1962 18 February 1964 Iraq 2 1 year, 293 days Served as the Regional Secretary of the Iraqi Regional Branch.
Majdalani, JibranJibran Majdalani May 1962 23 February 1966 Lebanon 4 3 years, 298 days
Rafi, Abd al-MajidAbd al-Majid Rafi May 1962 23 October 1963 Lebanon 1 1 year, 175 days Served as the Regional Secretary of the Lebanese Regional Branch.
18 February 1964 April 1965 Lebanon 1 1 year, 42 days
al-Ali, KhalidKhalid al-Ali May 1962 April 1965 Lebanon 3 2 years, 335 days
al-Hafiz, AminAmin al-Hafiz 23 October 1963 23 February 1966 Syria 3 2 years, 123 days Served as the Regional Secretary of the Syrian Regional Branch.
Jadid, SalahSalah Jadid 23 October 1963 23 February 1966 Syria 3 2 years, 123 days Served as the Assistant Regional Secretary of the Syrian Regional Branch.
al-Shufi, HammudHammud al-Shufi 23 October 1963 18 February 1964 Syria 1 118 days Served as the Regional Secretary of the Syrian Regional Branch.
Radi, Muhsin ShaykhMuhsin Shaykh Radi 23 October 1963 18 February 1964 Iraq 1 118 days
al-Bakr, Ahmed HassanAhmed Hassan al-Bakr 23 October 1963 23 February 1966 Iraq 3 2 years, 123 days Served as the Regional Secretary of the Iraqi Regional Branch.
Ammash, Salih MahdiSalih Mahdi Ammash 23 October 1963 18 February 1964 Iraq 1 118 days
Mayzar, Abd al-Muhsin AbuAbd al-Muhsin Abu Mayzar 23 October 1963 18 February 1964 Jordan 1 118 days
Umran, MuhammadMuhammad Umran 18 February 1964 May 1965 Syria 1 1 year, 73 days
al-Atrash, MansurMansur al-Atrash 18 February 1964 23 February 1966 Syria 1 2 years, 5 days
al-Aysami, ShibliShibli al-Aysami 18 February 1964 23 February 1966 Syria 1 2 years, 5 days
Khalil, AliAli Khalil 18 February 1964 23 February 1966 Lebanon 2 2 years, 5 days
Ghannam, AliAli Ghannam 18 February 1964 23 February 1966 Saudi Arabia 2 2 years, 5 days
al-Assad, HafezHafez al-Assad May 1965 23 February 1966 Syria 1 328 days
Makhus, IbrahimIbrahim Makhus May 1965 23 February 1966 Syria 1 328 days

References

Bibliography

  • Commins, Dean (2004). Historical Dictionary of Syria. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0-8108-4934-8. 
  • Devlin, John (1975). The Baath Party: a History from its Origins to 1966 (2nd ed.). Hoover Institute Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-6561-7. 
  • Rabinovich, Itamar (1972). Syria Under the Baʻth, 1963–66: The Army Party Symbiosis. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 0-7065-1266-9. 
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