National conservatism
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National conservatism is a variant of conservatism that concentrates more on national interests and upholding cultural or ethnic identity than most other conservatives.[1] In Europe, national conservatives are usually eurosceptics.[2][3] National conservatism is also related to social conservatism[4] and traditionalist conservatism.
Most conservative parties in post-communist Central and Southeastern Europe since 1989 have been national conservative.[5]
Ideology
Social policies
National conservative parties are "socially traditional"[2] and support the traditional family and social stability.[6] According to the Austrian political scientist Sieglinde Rosenberger, "national conservatism praises the family as a home and a center of identity, solidarity and emotion."[6] Many national conservatives are thus social conservatives, as well as in favor of limiting immigration and enacting law-and-order policies.[2]
Economic policies
National conservative parties in different countries do not necessarily share a common position on economic policy: their views may range from support of a planned economy to a centrist mixed economy to a laissez-faire approach.[1] In the first, more common, case, national conservatives can be distinguished from liberal conservatives,[7] for whom free market economic policies, deregulation and tight spending are the main priorities. Some commentators have indeed identified a growing gap between national and economic liberal conservatism: "most parties of the Right [today] are run by economically liberal conservatives who, in varying degrees, have marginalized social, cultural, and national conservatives."[7]
List of national conservative political parties
Current national conservative parties or parties with national conservative factions
The following political parties have been characterized as national conservative, at least as one of their ideological influences.
Former national conservative parties or parties with national conservative factions
-
Italy — National Alliance[34] -
Czech Republic — National Party, National Unity -
Romania — Conservative Party[5] -
San Marino — Sammarinese People -
Slovakia — People's Party - Movement for a Democratic Slovakia
See also
References
- 1 2 Mandal 2007, p. 306.
- 1 2 3 Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
- ↑ Traynor, Ian, The EU's weary travellers The Guardian, 4 April 2006
- ↑ U.C. Mandal (2007). Dictionary Of Public Administration. Sarup & Sons. p. 306. ISBN 978-81-7625-784-8.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Bakke, Elisabeth (2010), "Central and East European party systems since 1989", Central and Southeast European Politics Since 1989, Cambridge University Press, p. 79
- 1 2 Rosenberger, Sieglinde, Europe is swinging towards the right - What are the effects on women?, University of Vienna, 2002. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
- 1 2 National Questions, National Review, Vol. 49, Issue 12, 30 June 1997, pp. 16-17
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 22 May 2016.
- ↑ "Détails ODS - Election(s)Meter". fr.electionsmeter.com. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
- ↑ Pehe, Jiří. "Má liberalismus v České republice šanci? — Jiří Pehe". www.pehe.cz. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
- ↑ "Politolog Robejšek založil konzervativní stranu Realisté. Ve volbách chce získat 20 procent hlasů". Aktuálně.cz - Víte co se právě děje. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
- ↑ "Nesbližujme se s konzervativním Zemanem, vyzývá ČSSD Sobotka". Euro.cz (in Czech). 4 November 2016. Retrieved 16 March 2017.
- ↑ Moreau, Patrick (2011). "The Victorious Parties - Unity in Diversity?". In Uwe Backes, Patrick Moreau. The Extreme Right in Europe: Current Trends and Perspectives. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. p. 101. ISBN 9783647369228.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
- ↑ http://www.lefigaro.fr/vox/politique/2015/04/13/31001-20150413ARTFIG00155-jean-yves-camus-marion-le-pen-incarne-la-ligne-nationale-conservatrice-du-fn.php
- ↑ Simon Franzmann (2015). "The Failed Struggle for Office Instead of Votes". In Gabriele D'Ottavio; Thomas Saalfeld. Germany After the 2013 Elections: Breaking the Mould of Post-Unification Politics?. Ashgate. pp. 166–167. ISBN 978-1-4724-4439-4.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
- ↑ David Art (2011), "Memory Politics in Western Europe", in Uwe Backes; Patrick Moreau, The Extreme Right in Europe, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, p. 364, ISBN 978-3-525-36922-7
- 1 2 Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
- ↑ Peter Starke; Alexandra Kaasch; Franca Van Hooren (2013). The Welfare State as Crisis Manager: Explaining the Diversity of Policy Responses to Economic Crisis. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 194. ISBN 978-1-137-31484-0.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
- ↑ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
- ↑ Tarchi, Marco (2007), "Recalcitrant Allies: The Conflicting Foreign Policy Agenda of the Alleanza Nazionale and the Lega Nord", Europe for the Europeans, Ashgate, p. 188
Books
Mandal, U.C. (2007). Dictionary Of Public Administration. Sarup & Sons. ISBN 978-8-1762-5784-8.