Narcissus (Caravaggio)

Narcissus
Italian: Narciso
Artist Caravaggio
Year 1597–1599
Medium Oil on canvas
Dimensions 110 cm × 92 cm (43 in × 36 in)
Location Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica

Narcissus is a painting by the Italian Baroque master Caravaggio, painted circa 1597–1599. It is housed in the Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica in Rome.

The painting was originally attributed to Caravaggio by Roberto Longhi in 1916.[1] This is one of only two known Caravaggios on a theme from Classical mythology, although this reflects the accidents of survival rather than the historical reality. The story of Narcissus, told by the poet Ovid in his Metamorphoses, is of a handsome youth who falls in love with his own reflection. Unable to tear himself away, he dies of his passion, and even when crossing the Styx, keeps looking at his own reflection (Metamorphoses 3:339-510).[2]

Ovid's Narcissus was a frequent topic in literature; by example taken up by Dante (Paradiso 3.18-19) and Petrarch (Canzoniere 45-46).[2] The story was well known in the circles of collectors, such as Cardinal Francesco Maria del Monte and the banker Vincenzo Giustiniani, in which Caravaggio was moving at this period. Caravaggio's friend, the poet Giambattista Marino, wrote a description of the topic.[2]

The story of Narcissus was particularly appealing to artists (or at least the kind who painted for the educated tastes of patrons such as Giustiniani and Del Monte), for reasons explained by the Renaissance theorist Leon Battista Alberti: "the inventor of painting ... was Narcissus ... What is painting but the act of embracing by means of art the surface of the pool?"[3]

Caravaggio painted an adolescent page wearing an elegant brocade doublet, leaning with both hands over the water, as he gazes at this own distorted reflection.[2] The painting conveys an air of brooding melancholy: the figure of Narcissus is locked in a circle with his reflection, surrounded by darkness, so that the only reality is inside this self-regarding loop. The 16th century literary critic Tommaso Stigliani explained the contemporary thinking that the myth of Narcissus "clearly demonstrates the unhappy end of those who love their things too much."[4]

References

  1. ↑ Metropolitan Museum of Art (1985). The Age of Caravaggio. New York, N.Y.: Metropolitan Museum of Art. p. 265. ISBN 9780870993800.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Posèq, Avigdor (1991). "The Allegorical Content of Caravaggio's "Narcissus"". Notes in the History of Art. 10 (3): 21–31. JSTOR 23203015.
  3. ↑ http://www.mcah.columbia.edu/arthumanities/pdfs/arthum_raphael_reader.pdf
  4. ↑ http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0422/is_3_84/ai_91673179/pg_8
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