Namaqualand 0-6-2 Scotia Class

Cape Copper Company 0-6-2 Scotia Class no. 10 Cambria at Ratelpoort, c. 1910

Type and origin
♠ - Locomotives no. 8, 9, 10 & 12 ♥ - Locomotives no. 14 & 15
Power type	Steam
Designer	Kitson and Company
Builder	Kitson and Company
Serial number	3976, 4089, 4090, 4291, 4331, 4332
Build date	1900-1905

Specifications
Configuration:
• Whyte	0-6-2 (Branchliner)
• UIC	C1'n2
Driver	3rd coupled axle
Gauge	2 ft 6 in (762 mm) Namaqualand
Coupled dia.	36 in (914 mm)
Wheelbase	11 ft 3 in (3,429 mm)
• Coupled	6 ft 3 in (1,905 mm)
Loco weight	25 LT 10 cwt (25,910 kg)
Tender weight	11 LT (11,180 kg)
Total weight	36 LT 10 cwt (37,090 kg)
Tender type	2-axle
Fuel type	Coal
Fuel capacity	2 LT (2.0 t) as built 3 LT (3.0 t) modified
Water cap	1,000 imp gal (4,550 l)
Firebox type	Round-top ♠ 5 ft 9 in (1,753 mm) long 3 ft 9 ⁵⁄₁₆ in (1,151 mm) wide ♥ 5 ft 9 ¹⁄₈ in (1,756 mm) long 3 ft 9 ¹⁄₈ in (1,146 mm) wide
• Firegrate area	15 sq ft (1.4 m²)
Boiler:
• Diameter	♠♥ 3 ft 8 in (1,118 mm)
• Tube plates	♠ 8 ft 7 ¹⁄₂ in (2,629 mm) ♥ 8 ft 7 ⁷⁄₁₆ in (2,627 mm)
• Small tubes	1 ³⁄₄ in (44 mm)
Boiler pressure	150 psi (1,034 kPa)
Heating surface	See table
• Tubes	See table for number & surface
• Firebox	♠ 73.5 sq ft (6.83 m²) ♥ 72.5 sq ft (6.74 m²)
Cylinders	Two
Cylinder size	14 in (356 mm) bore 21 in (533 mm) stroke
Valve gear	J. Hawthorn-Kitson
Couplers	Buffers-and-chain

Performance figures
Tractive effort	12,860 lbf (57.2 kN) @ 75%

Career
Operators	Cape Copper Company South African Copper Company O'okiep Copper Company
Numbers	8-10, 12, 14-15
Official name	Scotia, Hibernia, Cambria, Canada, Australia & India
Delivered	1900-1905
First run	1900

The Cape Copper Company 0-6-2 Scotia Class of 1900 was a South African steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope.

Between 1900 and 1905, six more Mountain type tender locomotives with a 0-6-2 wheel arrangement were placed in service by the Cape Copper Company on its two-foot six inch gauge Namaqualand Railway between Port Nolloth and O'okiep in the Cape of Good Hope. Later described as the Scotia Class, they were similar to the earlier Clara Class locomotives, but with shorter boilers, longer fireboxes and larger firegrates.^[1]

Namaqualand Railway

The Namaqualand Railway was constructed between 1869 and 1876 by the Cape Copper Mining Company, restructured as the Cape Copper Company in 1888. The railway from Port Nolloth on the West Coast to the copper mines around O'okiep was initially exclusively mule-powered, but in 1871 two 0-6-0T locomotives named John King and Miner were acquired by the mining company on an experimental basis. They were followed between 1886 and 1888 by three 0-4-0WT condensing locomotives, and from 1890 by four 0-6-2 Clara Class Mountain type tender locomotives.^[1]^[2]

The Mountain locomotives

Between 1900 and 1905, six more 0-6-2 tender locomotives of the Mountain type were delivered to the Cape Copper Company from Kitson and Company. Since the first three locomotives of the Clara Class suffered major problems with their fireboxes and tubes as a result of the poor quality of water in the region and tough working conditions, a fourth locomotive, no. 7 named Albion, had been delivered in 1898 with a shorter boiler to make room for a longer firebox in an effort to overcome these issues. These six new locomotives were a further development in the same direction, also with larger fireboxes, but with slightly longer boilers than no. 7 Albion, which resulted in boiler-and-firebox assemblies which were about a foot longer than those of the earlier locomotives.^[1]

Characteristics

These six locomotives were very similar in appearance to the earlier Clara Class, but could be visually identified by their steam domes which were located further forward, closer to their chimneys, as well as by the different shape of the cutaway at the rear of their frames above their trailing axles. They were named Scotia, Hibernia, Cambria, Canada, Australia and India respectively and were also numbered, in the range from 8 to 10, 12, 14 and 15. They were later described as the Scotia Class.^[1]

Scotia Class, either no. 9 Hibernia or no. 10 Cambria, sans tender, c. 1901

Like their predecessors, the condensing and Clara Class locomotives, they were equipped with sheet-metal casing above and below their running boards. This was to protect the motion and bearings, as well as working parts of the J. Hawthorn-Kitson valve gear which protruded above the running boards, from wind-blown sand. The bottom encasement was hinged to allow easy access to the motion. The picture alongside shows a Scotia Class locomotive without this casing.^[1]

Like the earlier locomotives, the Scotia Class was also delivered with copper boilers and fireboxes. Around April 1903, no. 8 Scotia was fitted with an experimental steel boiler and around 1907-1908 two more steel boilers with copper fireboxes were acquired as spare boilers for the Scotia Class.^[1]

Service

A fall in copper prices at the end of the First World War resulted in the closure of the Cape Copper Company mines and in June 1922 the Company was put into the hands of receivers and managers. In 1926, the South African assets of the Company were optioned to the American Metal Company who, together with the Newmont Mining Corporation, formed the South African Copper Company in 1928 to hold the option, which was taken up in 1931. When the economic situation improved, the option holders and other interested parties formed the O'okiep Copper Company, which took over the assets and liabilities of the South African Copper Company and resumed mining in May 1937.^[1]

Little mining had been done during the depression years but, as a common carrier, the Namaqualand Railway was not closed and a skeleton service of two trains per week continued to operate. During the approximately nineteen years while the mines were closed, the railway was apparently run more or less by one man, Jack Meadows, the station master at O'okiep. He would also travel on the twice-weekly trains to Port Nolloth, acting as conductor and bookkeeper. At Port Nolloth, he would carry out the duties of port captain and supervise offloading and loading before returning to O'okiep the following day. As a result, the line was kept in good repair during the lean years.^[1]

The Cape Copper Company steam locomotives also passed into the hands of the O'okiep Copper Company. Whether all were still serviceable is doubtful, but seventeen engines were still shown as in stock in the Railway Year Books, until the 1938/1939 edition. The 1939/1940 edition, however, listed only three steam locomotives, the identity of which is not known.^[1]

Specifications

The numbers, names, works numbers, years built, date of arrival, date in service, number of boiler tubes, heating surface of the boiler tubes and firebox and the total heating surface of the Scotia Class are listed in the table.^[1]

**Cape Copper Company 0-6-2 Scotia Class**
No.	Name	Works no.	Year built	Date arrived	Date in service	Boiler tubes	Heating surface, tubes	Heating surface, firebox	Heating surface, total
8	Scotia	3976	1900	000000001901-01-01-0000Jan 1901	000000001901-01-01-0000Jan 1901	132	544 ¹⁄₅ sq ft (50.558 m²)	73 ¹⁄₂ sq ft (6.828 m²)	617 ⁷⁄₁₀ sq ft (57.386 m²)
9	Hibernia	4089	1901	000000001901-11-01-0000Nov 1901	000000001901-11-01-0000Nov 1901	136	559 ³⁄₁₀ sq ft (51.961 m²)	73 ¹⁄₂ sq ft (6.828 m²)	632 ⁴⁄₅ sq ft (58.789 m²)
10	Cambria	4090	1901	000000001901-11-01-0000Nov 1901	000000001901-11-01-0000Nov 1901	136	559 ³⁄₁₀ sq ft (51.961 m²)	73 ¹⁄₂ sq ft (6.828 m²)	632 ⁴⁄₅ sq ft (58.789 m²)
12	Canada	4291	1904	000000001904-12-01-0000Dec 1904	000000001904-12-01-0000Dec 1904	137	563 ¹⁄₂ sq ft (52.351 m²)	73 ¹⁄₂ sq ft (6.828 m²)	637 sq ft (59.179 m²)
14	Australia	4331	1905	000000001905-09-01-0000Sep 1905	000000001905-10-01-0000Oct 1905	137	566 ¹⁄₁₀ sq ft (52.592 m²)	72 ¹⁄₂ sq ft (6.735 m²)	638 ³⁄₅ sq ft (59.328 m²)
15	India	4332	1905	000000001905-09-01-0000Sep 1905	000000001905-10-01-0000Oct 1905	137	566 ¹⁄₁₀ sq ft (52.592 m²)	72 ¹⁄₂ sq ft (6.735 m²)	638 ³⁄₅ sq ft (59.328 m²)

Illustration

Scotia Class locomotive being oiled by its driver at Vrieskloof
Scotia Class locomotives at Port Nolloth locomotive sheds
Scotia Class no. 12 Canada at Port Nolloth locomotive sheds

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Namaqualand 0-6-2 Scotia Class.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Bagshawe, Peter (2012). Locomotives of the Namaqualand Railway and Copper Mines (1st ed.). Stenvalls. pp. 8–11, 16–23, 39–40. ISBN 978-91-7266-179-0.
↑ The South African Railways - Historical Survey. Editor George Hart, Publisher Bill Hart, Sponsored by Dorbyl Ltd., Published c. 1978, p. 9.

Locomotives of the Cape of Good Hope
7' ¼" gauge	East London 0-4-0VB Table Bay 0-4-0ST Table Bay 0-4-0T Table Bay 0-4-0WT
4' 8½" gauge	Cape 0-4-0T Cape 0-4-2 Cape 2-4-0T CGR 0-4-0ST Aid
3' 6" gauge	CGR 0-4-0ST 1873 CGR 0-4-0ST 1874 CGR 0-4-0ST 1881 CGR 0-4-0ST 1881 Coffee Pot CGR 0-6-0ST CGR 0-6-0T CGR 2-6-0ST 1900 CGR 2-6-0ST 1902 CGR 1st Class 0-4-0ST 1875 CGR 1st Class 0-4-0ST 1876 CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1876 BP CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1876 Kitson CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1879 CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1891 CGR 1st Class 2-6-0ST CGR 1st Class 4-4-0 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0T CGR 1st Class 4-4-0TT CGR 2nd Class 2-6-2TT CGR 2nd Class 4-4-0T CGR 3rd Class 2-6-0T CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1883 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1884 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1889 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1898 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1901 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1903 CGR 4th Class 4-4-2 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1880 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1882 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1882 Joy CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1884 CGR 5th Class 1890 CGR 5th Class 1891 CGR 6th Class 1893 CGR 6th Class 1896 CGR 6th Class 1897 CGR 6th Class 1898 CGR 6th Class 1900 CGR 6th Class 1901 Baldwin CGR 6th Class 1901 Schenectady CGR 6th Class 1901 Neilson's CGR 6th Class 1902 CGR 6th Class 1904 CGR 6th Class 2-6-2 CGR 6th Class 2-6-4 CGR 7th Class 1892 CGR 7th Class 1896 CGR 7th Class 1902 CGR 8th Class 1901 CGR 8th Class 1902 CGR 8th Class 2-8-0 1903 CGR 8th Class 4-8-0 1903 CGR 8th Class 4-8-0 1903 Exp CGR 8th Class 2-8-0 1904 CGR 8th Class 4-8-0 1904 CGR 9th Class 1903 CGR 9th Class 1906 CGR 10th Class CGR Fairlie CGR Karoo 1903 CGR Karoo 1904 CGR Karoo Compound CGR Kitson-Meyer CGR Mountain 4-8-2 CGR Railmotor CGR Tandem Compound 1902 CGR Tandem Compound 1903 Kowie Railway 0-6-0T Kowie Railway 4-4-0T Metropolitan & Suburban 4-6-2T NCCR 7th Class 1899 NCCR 7th Class 1913 Port Elizabeth 0-4-0ST
2' 6" gauge	Cape Copper 0-6-0T Cape Copper Britannia Cape Copper Caledonia Cape Copper Clara Cape Copper Condenser Cape Copper Scotia Namaqua Copper Pioneer Walvis Bay Hope
2' gauge	CGR Baldwin 2-6-0 CGR NG 0-4-0T CGR NG 0-6-0T CGR NG 4-6-2T CGR Type A CGR Type B CGR Type C
List of South African locomotive classes South African locomotive history

Locomotives of South Africa

Steam

7' ¼" gauge	East London 0-4-0VB Table Bay 0-4-0ST Table Bay 0-4-0T Table Bay 0-4-0WT
4' 8½" gauge	Cape 0-4-0T Blackie Cape 0-4-2 Cape 2-4-0T CGR 0-4-0ST Aid Natal 0-4-0ST Durban Natal 0-4-0WT Natal Natal 4-4-0T Perseverance
3' 6" gauge Tank engines	CGR 0-4-0ST 1873 CGR 0-4-0ST 1874 CGR 0-4-0ST 1881 CGR 0-4-0ST 1881 Coffee Pot CGR 0-6-0ST CGR 0-6-0T CGR 2-6-0ST 1900 CGR 2-6-0ST 1902 CGR 1st Class 0-4-0ST 1875 CGR 1st Class 0-4-0ST 1876 CGR 1st Class 2-6-0ST CGR 1st Class 4-4-0T CGR 2nd Class 4-4-0T CGR 3rd Class 2-6-0T CGR Railmotor CSAR Class C CSAR Class E CSAR Rack 4-6-4RT CSAR Railmotor Durban's Congella Durban's Edward Innes Durban's John Milne Durban's Sir Albert Port Elizabeth 0-4-0ST Kowie Railway 0-6-0T Kowie Railway 4-4-0T Metropolitan & Suburban 4-6-2T NGR 2-6-0T Durban & Pietermaritzburg NGR Class I 2-6-2T NGR Class K 0-4-0ST NGR Class K 0-6-0ST NGR Class K 2-6-0T NZASM 10 Tonner NZASM 13 Tonner NZASM 14 Tonner NZASM 18 Tonner NZASM 19 Tonner NZASM 32 Tonner NZASM 40 Tonner PPR 26 Tonner PPR 35 Tonner Portuguese SAR Class A SAR Class B SAR Class C SAR Class C1 SAR Class C2 SAR Class D SAR Class E SAR Class F SAR Class G SAR Class H SAR Class H1 SAR Class H2 SAR Class J SAR Class K SAR Railmotor SAR Dock 0-4-0ST SAR Dock 0-4-0T SWA 2-8-0T
3' 6" gauge Tender engines	CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1876 BP CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1876 Kitson CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1879 CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1891 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0TT CGR 2nd Class 2-6-2TT CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1883 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1884 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1889 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1898 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1901 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1903 CGR 4th Class 4-4-2 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1880 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1882 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1882 Joy CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1884 CGR 5th Class 4-6-0 1890 CGR 5th Class 4-6-0 1891 NGR Havelock NGR Class I SAR Class Exp 1 SAR Class Exp 2 SAR Class Exp 3 SAR Class Exp 4 SAR Class Exp 5 SAR Class Exp 6 SAR Class S SAR Class S1 SAR Class S2 SAR Class 1 SAR Class 1A SAR Class 1B SAR Class 2 SAR Class 2C SAR Class 3 SAR Class 3A SAR Class 3B SAR Class 4 SAR Class 4A SAR Class 5 SAR Class 5A SAR Class 5B SAR Class 6 SAR Class 6A SAR Class 6B SAR Class 6C SAR Class 6D SAR Class 6E SAR Class 6F SAR Class 6G SAR Class 6H SAR Class 6J SAR Class 6K SAR Class 6L SAR Class 6Y SAR Class 6Z SAR Class 7 SAR Class 7A SAR Class 7B SAR Class 7C SAR Class 7D SAR Class 7E SAR Class 7F SAR Class 8 SAR Class 8A SAR Class 8B SAR Class 8C SAR Class 8D SAR Class 8E SAR Class 8F SAR Class 8R SAR Class 8X SAR Class 8Y SAR Class 8Z SAR Class 9 SAR Class 10 SAR Class 10A SAR Class 10B SAR Class 10C SAR Class 10D SAR Class 11 SAR Class 12 SAR Class 12A SAR Class 12B SAR Class 13 SAR Class 14 SAR Class 14A SAR Class 14B SAR Class 14C 1st SAR Class 14C 2nd SAR Class 14C 3rd SAR Class 14C 4th SAR Class 15 SAR Class 15A SAR Class 15B SAR Class 15C SAR Class 15CA SAR Class 15E SAR Class 15F SAR Class 16 SAR Class 16A SAR Class 16B SAR Class 16C SAR Class 16D SAR Class 16DA 1928 SAR Class 16DA 1930 SAR Class 16E SAR Class 17 SAR Class 18 SAR Class 19 SAR Class 19A SAR Class 19B SAR Class 19C SAR Class 19D SAR Class 20 SAR Class 21 SAR Class 23 SAR Class 24 SAR Class 25 SAR Class 25NC SAR Class 26 SAR Katanga SWA 2-8-0
3' 6" gauge Articulated engines	CGR Fairlie CGR Kitson-Meyer SAR Class FC SAR Class FD SAR Class GA SAR Class GB SAR Class GC SAR Class GCA SAR Class GD SAR Class GDA SAR Class GE SAR Class GEA SAR Class GF SAR Class GG SAR Class GH SAR Class GK SAR Class GL SAR Class GM SAR Class GMA SAR Class GO SAR Class HF SAR Class KM SAR Class MA SAR Class MB SAR Class MC SAR Class MC1 SAR Class MD SAR Class ME SAR Class MF SAR Class MG SAR Class MH SAR Class MJ SAR Class MJ1 SAR Class U
2' 6" gauge	Cape Copper John King & Miner Cape Copper Britannia Cape Copper Caledonia Cape Copper Clara Cape Copper Condenser Cape Copper Scotia Namaqua Copper Pioneer Walvis Bay 2-4-2T Hope
2' & 600mm gauges	ACR Class NG-G16A CGR NG 0-4-0T CGR NG 0-6-0T CGR NG 4-6-2T CGR Type A 2-6-4T CGR Type C 0-4-0T NGR Class N 4-6-2T SAR Dutton SAR NG 0-4-0T SAR Class NG1 SAR Class NG2 SAR Class NG3 SAR Class NG4 SAR Class NG5 SAR Class NG6 SAR Class NG7 SAR Class NG8 SAR Class NG9 SAR Class NG10 SAR Class NG-G11 SAR Class NG-G12 SAR Class NG-G13 SAR Class NG-G14 SAR Class NG15 SAR Class NG-G16 SWA Class Ha SWA Class Hb SWA Class Hc SWA Class Hd SWA Jung SWA Zwillinge

Electric

Amcoal Class E38

Gas-electric

SAR Gas-electric

Diesel

3' 6" gauge Diesel-electric	PRASA Class Afro 4000 SAR Class DS SAR Class DS1 SAR Class 31-000 SAR Class 32-000 SAR Class 32-200 SAR Class 33-000 SAR Class 33-200 SAR Class 33-400 SAR Class 34-000 SAR Class 34-200 SAR Class 34-400 SAR Class 34-500 SAR Class 34-600 SAR Class 34-800 SAR Class 34-900 SAR Class 35-000 SAR Class 35-200 SAR Class 35-400 SAR Class 35-600 TFR Class 35-800 SAR Class 36-000 SAR Class 36-200 SAR Class 37-000 Spoornet Class 39-000 TFR Class 39-200 TFR Class 43-000 TFR Class 44-000
2' gauge Diesel-electric	SAR Class 91-000
3' 6" gauge Diesel-hydraulic	SAR Class 61-000
3' 6" gauge Electro-diesel	Spoornet Class 38-000

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