Major League Baseball Most Valuable Player Award

Major League Baseball Most Valuable Player Award (MVP)

A black circle with an octagonal silver plaque in the middle. The edge of the plaque reads "KENESAW MOUNTAIN LANDIS MEMORIAL BASEBALL AWARD". In the middle of the octagon is a baseball diamond which contains, from the top, Judge Landis' face in gold, "Most Valuable Player", the winner's league, his name in a gold rectangle, and his team.

The Most Valuable Player award
Award details
Given for Major League Baseball's Regular Season MVP
Country United States
Presented by Baseball Writers' Association of America
History
First award 1931
Most recent

The Major League Baseball Most Valuable Player Award (MVP) is an annual Major League Baseball (MLB) award, given to one outstanding player in the American League and one in the National League. Since 1931, it has been awarded by the Baseball Writers' Association of America (BBWAA). The winners receive the Kenesaw Mountain Landis Memorial Baseball Award, which became the official name of the award in 1944,[1] in honor of the first MLB commissioner, who served from 1920 until his death on November 25, 1944.[1][2]

MVP voting takes place before the postseason, but the results are not announced until after the World Series. The BBWAA began by polling three writers in each league city in 1938, reducing that number to two per league city in 1961.[3] The BBWAA does not offer a clear-cut definition of what "most valuable" means, instead leaving the judgment to the individual voters.[4][5]

First basemen, with 34 winners, have won the most MVPs among infielders, followed by second basemen (16), third basemen (15), and shortstops (15). Of the 24 pitchers who have won the award, 15 are right-handed while 9 are left-handed. Walter Johnson, Carl Hubbell, and Hal Newhouser are the only pitchers who have won multiple times, Newhouser winning consecutively in 1944 and 1945.[6][7]

Hank Greenberg, Stan Musial, Alex Rodriguez, and Robin Yount have won at different positions,[6] while Rodriguez is the only player who has won the award with two different teams at two different positions.[8] Barry Bonds has won the most often (seven times) and the most consecutively (2001–04).[9] Jimmie Foxx was the first player to win multiple times;[10] 9 players have won three times, and 19 have won twice.[11] Frank Robinson is the only player to win the award in both the American and National Leagues.

The award's only tie occurred in the National League in 1979, when Keith Hernandez and Willie Stargell received an equal number of points.[6][12] There have been 18 unanimous winners, who received all the first-place votes.[3] The New York Yankees have the most winning players with 22, followed by the St. Louis Cardinals with 17 winners. The award has never been presented to a member of the following four teams: Arizona Diamondbacks, Miami Marlins, New York Mets, and Tampa Bay Rays. The most recent recipients are Mike Trout in the American League and Kris Bryant in the National League.

In recent decades, pitchers have rarely won the award. When Justin Verlander won the AL award in 2011, he became the first pitcher in either league to be named the MVP since Dennis Eckersley in 1992. Verlander also became the first starting pitcher to win this award since Roger Clemens had accomplished the feat in 1986.[13] The National League went even longer without an MVP award to a pitcher—after Bob Gibson won in 1968, no pitcher in that league was named MVP until Clayton Kershaw in 2014.[14]

Chalmers Award (1911–1914)

Ty Cobb looking just to the left of the camera.
Ty Cobb won the first American League Chalmers Award in 1911 and was at the center of the controversy over the previous season's award.

Before the 1910 season, Hugh Chalmers of Chalmers Automobile announced he would present a Chalmers Model 30 automobile to the player with the highest batting average in Major League Baseball at the end of the season. The 1910 race for best average in the American League was between the Detroit Tigers' widely disliked[3][15][16] Ty Cobb and Nap Lajoie of the Cleveland Indians. On the last day of the season, Lajoie overtook Cobb's batting average with seven bunt hits against the St. Louis Browns. American League President Ban Johnson said a recalculation showed that Cobb had won the race anyway, and Chalmers ended up awarding cars to both players.[3]

The following season, Chalmers created the Chalmers Award. A committee of baseball writers were to convene after the season to determine the "most important and useful player to the club and to the league". Since the award was not as effective at advertising as Chalmers had hoped, it was discontinued after 1914.[3]

Year American League winner Team Position National League winner Team Position Ref
1911 Ty Cobbdagger§ Detroit Tigers OF Frank Schulte Chicago Cubs OF [17]
1912 Tris Speakerdagger Boston Red Sox OF Larry Doyle New York Giants 2B [18]
1913 Walter Johnsondagger Washington Senators RHP Jake Daubert Brooklyn Dodgers 1B [19]
1914 Eddie Collinsdagger Philadelphia Athletics 2B Johnny Eversdagger Boston Braves 2B [20]

League Awards (1922–1929)

A man in full baseball attire wears a pinstriped jersey and a hat with overlapping white "N" and "Y". Looking to the left of the camera, he is holding a baseball upward.
Babe Ruth was ineligible for the award in his famous 1927 season by the rules of the American League award because he had previously won in 1923.

In 1922 the American League created a new award to honor "the baseball player who is of the greatest all-around service to his club".[21] Winners, voted on by a committee of eight baseball writers chaired by James Crusinberry,[22] received a bronze medal and a cash prize.[23] Voters were required to select one player from each team and player-coaches and prior award winners were ineligible. These incredible flaws resulted in Babe Ruth only winning 1 MVP as the award was dropped after 1928. Under the All-Star Formula, Ruth would have won the MVP in 1920, 1921, 1923, 1925, 1928 and 1930 [citation needed]. The National League award, without these restrictions, lasted from 1924 to 1929.[3]

Year American League winner Team Position National League winner Team Position Ref
1922 George Sislerdagger St. Louis Browns 1B — — — [24]
1923 Babe Ruthdagger§ New York Yankees OF — — — [25]
1924 Walter Johnsondagger (2) Washington Senators RHP Dazzy Vancedagger Brooklyn Robins RHP [26]
1925 Roger Peckinpaugh Washington Senators SS Rogers Hornsbydagger St. Louis Cardinals 2B [27]
1926 George Burns Cleveland Indians 1B Bob O'Farrell St. Louis Cardinals C [28]
1927 Lou Gehrigdagger New York Yankees 1B Paul Wanerdagger Pittsburgh Pirates OF [29]
1928 Mickey Cochranedagger Philadelphia Athletics C Jim Bottomleydagger St. Louis Cardinals 1B [30]
1929 — — — Rogers Hornsbydagger (2) Chicago Cubs 2B [31]

Baseball Writers' Association of America's Most Valuable Player (1931–present)

The BBWAA first awarded the modern MVP after the 1931 season, adopting the format the National League used to distribute its league award. One writer in each city with a team filled out a ten-place ballot, with ten points for the recipient of a first-place vote, nine for a second-place vote, and so on. In 1938, the BBWAA raised the number of voters to three per city and gave 14 points for a first-place vote. The only significant change since then occurred in 1961, when the number of voters was reduced to two per league city.[3]

A man is pictured from his belt up looking to the left of the camera. His button-down baseball jersey says "RED SOX" across it and he is wearing a baseball hat with a "B".
Jimmie Foxx was the first player to win three MVP awards.
Hall of Famer and 2-time MVP, Hank Greenberg
Jim Konstanty, to date the only National League relief pitcher to be named MVP won it in 1950.
The face of a dark-skinned man who is smiling widely. The letters "S" and "F" overlap on his hat.
Hall of Famer Willie Mays won the award in 1954 and 1965 with the same team in different cities.
An African-American man looks just right of the camera. His helmet and white jersey both have an orange "S" over "F" logo on them. The man's left arm is crossed over his body and his right is out of the picture. There is a black and orange glove on his left hand.
Barry Bonds' seven MVPs are the most for any individual player.
A Hispanic man walking while shouting at someone out of the picture. His helmet is emblazoned with a white "N" and "Y" intertwined, and "NEW YORK" is stitched in black letters across his button-down jersey. The player is holding a black baseball bat almost vertically with black, gray, and white gloves.
Alex Rodriguez won the award with two different teams at two different positions.
A right-handed batter is at the plate, looking toward the pitcher's mound. Wearing a red uniform and white pants, there is a crowd behind him with jerseys of various colors.
Albert Pujols won the award three times, all at first base with the St. Louis Cardinals.
Miguel Cabrera was the winner of back-to-back AL Awards from 2012-13.
Josh Donaldson won the AL MVP in 2015.
Year American League winner Team Position National League winner Team Position Ref
1931 Grove, LeftyLefty Grove† Philadelphia Athletics* LHP Frisch, FrankieFrankie Frisch† St. Louis Cardinals* 2B [32]
1932 Foxx, JimmieJimmie Foxx† Philadelphia Athletics 1B Chuck Klein† Philadelphia Phillies OF [33]
1933 Jimmie Foxx† (2) Philadelphia Athletics 1B Hubbell, CarlCarl Hubbell† New York Giants* LHP [34]
1934 Cochrane, MickeyMickey Cochrane† (2) Detroit Tigers* C Dean, DizzyDizzy Dean† St. Louis Cardinals* RHP [35]
1935 Greenberg, HankHank Greenberg†§ Detroit Tigers* 1B Hartnett, GabbyGabby Hartnett† Chicago Cubs* C [36]
1936 Gehrig, LouLou Gehrig† (2) New York Yankees* 1B Hubbell, CarlCarl Hubbell†§ (2) New York Giants* LHP [37]
1937 Gehringer, CharlieCharlie Gehringer† Detroit Tigers 2B Medwick, JoeJoe Medwick† St. Louis Cardinals OF [38]
1938 Foxx, JimmieJimmie Foxx† (3) Boston Red Sox 1B Lombardi, ErnieErnie Lombardi† Cincinnati Reds C [39]
1939 DiMaggio, JoeJoe DiMaggio† New York Yankees* OF Walters, BuckyBucky Walters Cincinnati Reds* RHP [40]
1940 Greenberg, HankHank Greenberg† (2) Detroit Tigers* OF McCormick, FrankFrank McCormick Cincinnati Reds* 1B [41]
1941 DiMaggio, JoeJoe DiMaggio† (2) New York Yankees* OF Camilli, DolphDolph Camilli Brooklyn Dodgers* 1B [42]
1942 Gordon, JoeJoe Gordon† New York Yankees* 2B Cooper, MortMort Cooper St. Louis Cardinals* RHP [43]
1943 Chandler, SpudSpud Chandler New York Yankees* RHP Musial, StanStan Musial† St. Louis Cardinals* OF [44]
1944 Newhouser, HalHal Newhouser† Detroit Tigers LHP Marion, MartyMarty Marion St. Louis Cardinals* SS [45]
1945 Newhouser, HalHal Newhouser† (2) Detroit Tigers* LHP Cavarretta, PhilPhil Cavarretta Chicago Cubs* 1B [46]
1946 Williams, TedTed Williams† Boston Red Sox* OF Musial, StanStan Musial† (2) St. Louis Cardinals* 1B [47]
1947 DiMaggio, JoeJoe DiMaggio† (3) New York Yankees* OF Elliott, BobBob Elliott Boston Braves 3B [48]
1948 Boudreau, LouLou Boudreau† Cleveland Indians* SS Musial, StanStan Musial† (3) St. Louis Cardinals OF [49]
1949 Williams, TedTed Williams† (2) Boston Red Sox OF Robinson, JackieJackie Robinson† Brooklyn Dodgers* 2B [50]
1950 Rizzuto, PhilPhil Rizzuto† New York Yankees* SS Konstanty, JimJim Konstanty Philadelphia Phillies* RHP [51]
1951 Berra, YogiYogi Berra† New York Yankees* C Campanella, RoyRoy Campanella† Brooklyn Dodgers C [52]
1952 Shantz, BobbyBobby Shantz Philadelphia Athletics LHP Sauer, HankHank Sauer Chicago Cubs OF [53]
1953 Rosen, AlAl Rosen§ Cleveland Indians 3B Campanella, RoyRoy Campanella† (2) Brooklyn Dodgers* C [54]
1954 Berra, YogiYogi Berra† (2) New York Yankees C Mays, WillieWillie Mays† New York Giants* OF [55]
1955 Berra, YogiYogi Berra† (3) New York Yankees* C Campanella, RoyRoy Campanella† (3) Brooklyn Dodgers* C [56]
1956 Mantle, MickeyMickey Mantle†§ New York Yankees* OF Newcombe, DonDon Newcombe Brooklyn Dodgers* RHP [57]
1957 Mantle, MickeyMickey Mantle† (2) New York Yankees* OF Aaron, HankHank Aaron† Milwaukee Braves* OF [58]
1958Jensen, JackieJackie Jensen Boston Red Sox OF Banks, ErnieErnie Banks† Chicago Cubs SS [59]
1959Fox, NellieNellie Fox† Chicago White Sox* 2B Banks, ErnieErnie Banks† (2) Chicago Cubs SS [60]
1960Maris, RogerRoger Maris New York Yankees* OF Groat, DickDick Groat Pittsburgh Pirates* SS [61]
1961Maris, RogerRoger Maris (2) New York Yankees* OF Robinson, FrankFrank Robinson† Cincinnati Reds* OF [62]
1962Mantle, MickeyMickey Mantle† (3) New York Yankees* OF Wills, MauryMaury Wills Los Angeles Dodgers SS [63]
1963 Howard, ElstonElston Howard New York Yankees* C Koufax, SandySandy Koufax† Los Angeles Dodgers* LHP [64]
1964 Robinson, BrooksBrooks Robinson† Baltimore Orioles 3B Boyer, KenKen Boyer St. Louis Cardinals* 3B [65]
1965 Versalles, ZoiloZoilo Versalles Minnesota Twins* SS Mays, WillieWillie Mays† (2) San Francisco Giants OF [66]
1966 Robinson, FrankFrank Robinson†§ (2) Baltimore Orioles* OF Clemente, RobertoRoberto Clemente† Pittsburgh Pirates OF [67]
1967 Yastrzemski, CarlCarl Yastrzemski† Boston Red Sox* OF Cepeda, OrlandoOrlando Cepeda†§ St. Louis Cardinals* 1B [68]
1968 McLain, DennyDenny McLain§ Detroit Tigers* RHP Gibson, BobBob Gibson† St. Louis Cardinals* RHP [69]
1969 Killebrew, HarmonHarmon Killebrew† Minnesota Twins 3B McCovey, WillieWillie McCovey† San Francisco Giants 1B [70]
1970 Powell, BoogBoog Powell Baltimore Orioles* 1B Bench, JohnnyJohnny Bench† Cincinnati Reds* C [71]
1971 Blue, VidaVida Blue Oakland Athletics LHP Torre, JoeJoe Torre†[c] St. Louis Cardinals 3B [72]
1972 Allen, DickDick Allen Chicago White Sox 1B Bench, JohnnyJohnny Bench† (2) Cincinnati Reds* C [73]
1973 Jackson, ReggieReggie Jackson†§ Oakland Athletics* OF Rose, PetePete Rose Cincinnati Reds OF [74]
1974 Burroughs, JeffJeff Burroughs Texas Rangers OF Garvey, SteveSteve Garvey Los Angeles Dodgers* 1B [75]
1975 Lynn, FredFred Lynn Boston Red Sox* OF Morgan, JoeJoe Morgan† Cincinnati Reds* 2B [76]
1976 Munson, ThurmanThurman Munson New York Yankees* C Morgan, JoeJoe Morgan† (2) Cincinnati Reds* 2B [77]
1977 Carew, RodRod Carew† Minnesota Twins 1B Foster, GeorgeGeorge Foster Cincinnati Reds OF [78]
1978 Rice, JimJim Rice† Boston Red Sox OF Parker, DaveDave Parker Pittsburgh Pirates OF [79]
1979 Baylor, DonDon Baylor California Angels DH Hernandez, KeithKeith Hernandez[d] St. Louis Cardinals 1B [12]
Stargell, WillieWillie Stargell†[d] Pittsburgh Pirates* 1B
1980 Brett, GeorgeGeorge Brett† Kansas City Royals* 3B Schmidt, MikeMike Schmidt†§ Philadelphia Phillies* 3B [80]
1981 Fingers, RollieRollie Fingers† Milwaukee Brewers RHP Schmidt, MikeMike Schmidt† (2) Philadelphia Phillies 3B [81]
1982 Yount, RobinRobin Yount† Milwaukee Brewers* SS Murphy, DaleDale Murphy Atlanta Braves OF [82]
1983 Ripken, Jr., CalCal Ripken, Jr.† Baltimore Orioles* SS Murphy, DaleDale Murphy (2) Atlanta Braves OF [83]
1984 Hernandez, WillieWillie Hernández Detroit Tigers* LHP Sandberg, RyneRyne Sandberg† Chicago Cubs 2B [84]
1985 Mattingly, DonDon Mattingly New York Yankees 1B McGee, WillieWillie McGee St. Louis Cardinals* OF [85]
1986 Clemens, RogerRoger Clemens Boston Red Sox* RHP Schmidt, MikeMike Schmidt† (3) Philadelphia Phillies 3B [86]
1987 Bell, GeorgeGeorge Bell Toronto Blue Jays OF Dawson, AndreAndre Dawson† Chicago Cubs OF [87]
1988 Canseco, JoseJose Canseco§ Oakland Athletics* OF Gibson, KirkKirk Gibson Los Angeles Dodgers* OF [88]
1989 Yount, RobinRobin Yount† (2) Milwaukee Brewers OF Mitchell, KevinKevin Mitchell San Francisco Giants* OF [89]
1990 Henderson, RickeyRickey Henderson† Oakland Athletics* OF Bonds, BarryBarry Bonds Pittsburgh Pirates OF [90]
1991 Ripken, Jr., CalCal Ripken, Jr.† (2) Baltimore Orioles SS Pendleton, TerryTerry Pendleton Atlanta Braves* 3B [91]
1992 Eckersley, DennisDennis Eckersley† Oakland Athletics RHP Bonds, BarryBarry Bonds (2) Pittsburgh Pirates OF [92]
1993 Thomas, FrankFrank Thomas†§ Chicago White Sox 1B Bonds, BarryBarry Bonds (3) San Francisco Giants OF [93]
1994 Thomas, FrankFrank Thomas† (2) Chicago White Sox 1B Bagwell, JeffJeff Bagwell†§ Houston Astros 1B [94]
1995 Vaughn, MoMo Vaughn Boston Red Sox 1B Larkin, BarryBarry Larkin† Cincinnati Reds SS [95]
1996 Gonzalez, JuanJuan González Texas Rangers OF Caminiti, KenKen Caminiti§ San Diego Padres 3B [96]
1997 Griffey, Jr., KenKen Griffey, Jr.†§ Seattle Mariners OF Walker, LarryLarry Walker Colorado Rockies OF [97]
1998 Gonzalez, JuanJuan González (2) Texas Rangers OF Sosa, SammySammy Sosa Chicago Cubs OF [98]
1999 Rodriguez, IvanIván Rodríguez† Texas Rangers C Jones, ChipperChipper Jones Atlanta Braves* 3B [99]
2000 Giambi, JasonJason Giambi Oakland Athletics 1B Kent, JeffJeff Kent San Francisco Giants 2B [100]
2001 Suzuki, IchiroIchiro Suzuki^ Seattle Mariners OF Bonds, BarryBarry Bonds (4) San Francisco Giants OF [101][102]
2002 Tejada, MiguelMiguel Tejada Oakland Athletics SS Bonds, BarryBarry Bonds§ (5) San Francisco Giants* OF [103]
2003 Rodriguez, AlexAlex Rodriguez Texas Rangers SS Bonds, BarryBarry Bonds (6) San Francisco Giants OF [104]
2004 Guerrero, VladimirVladimir Guerrero Anaheim Angels OF Bonds, BarryBarry Bonds (7) San Francisco Giants OF [105]
2005 Rodriguez, AlexAlex Rodriguez (2) New York Yankees 3B Pujols, AlbertAlbert Pujols^ St. Louis Cardinals 1B [106]
2006 Morneau, JustinJustin Morneau^ Minnesota Twins 1B Howard, RyanRyan Howard^ Philadelphia Phillies 1B [107]
2007 Rodriguez, AlexAlex Rodriguez (3) New York Yankees 3B Rollins, JimmyJimmy Rollins^ Philadelphia Phillies SS [108]
2008 Pedroia, DustinDustin Pedroia^ Boston Red Sox 2B Pujols, AlbertAlbert Pujols^ (2) St. Louis Cardinals 1B [109]
2009 Mauer, JoeJoe Mauer^ Minnesota Twins C Pujols, AlbertAlbert Pujols^§ (3) St. Louis Cardinals 1B [102][110]
2010 Hamilton, JoshJosh Hamilton^ Texas Rangers* OF Votto, JoeyJoey Votto^ Cincinnati Reds 1B [111][112]
2011 Verlander, JustinJustin Verlander^ Detroit Tigers RHP Braun, RyanRyan Braun^ Milwaukee Brewers OF [113][114]
2012 Cabrera, MiguelMiguel Cabrera^ Detroit Tigers* 3B Posey, BusterBuster Posey^ San Francisco Giants* C [115][116]
2013 Cabrera, MiguelMiguel Cabrera^ (2) Detroit Tigers 3B McCutchen, AndrewAndrew McCutchen^ Pittsburgh Pirates OF [117][118]
2014 Trout, MikeMike Trout^§ Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim OF Kershaw, ClaytonClayton Kershaw^ Los Angeles Dodgers LHP [14][119]
2015 Donaldson, JoshJosh Donaldson^ Toronto Blue Jays 3B Harper, BryceBryce Harper^§ Washington Nationals OF [120][121]
2016 Trout, MikeMike Trout^ (2) Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim OF Bryant, KrisKris Bryant^ Chicago Cubs* 3B/OF [122]

Key

Year Links to the article about the corresponding Major League Baseball season
dagger Member of the National Baseball Hall of Fame as a player[123][124]
^ Denotes player who is still active[a]
§ Unanimous selection[b][3]
Player (X) Denotes winning player and number of times they had won the award at that point
* Team won League Pennant
P Pitcher (RHP indicates right-handed; LHP indicates left-handed)
C Catcher
1B First baseman
2B Second baseman
3B Third baseman
SS Shortstop
OF Outfielder
DH Designated hitter

See also

Notes

References

  1. 1 2 "Landis, Kenesaw". National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum. Retrieved 2011-11-22.
  2. ↑ Gillette, Gary; Palmer, Pete (2007). The ESPN Baseball Encyclopedia (Fourth ed.). New York: Sterling Publishing Co. p. 1763. ISBN 978-1-4027-4771-7.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Gillette & Palmer, pp. 1764–1765
  4. ↑ Kepner, Tyler (September 4, 2011). "Where Do You Find Value? Discussing the M.V.P. Criteria". The New York Times. p. SP3. Retrieved September 6, 2011.
  5. ↑ For the definition that appears on the BBWAA ballot (including pitchers and designated hitters), go to Voting FAQ and scroll down. Baseball Writers' Association of America. Retrieved November 7, 2016.
  6. 1 2 3 "Major League Baseball's Most Valuable Player Award Winners". Baseball Digest. Evanston, Illinois: Century Publishing Co. 59 (12): 86–89. December 2000. ISSN 0005-609X. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  7. ↑ "Walter Johnson Statistics and History". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved 2016-01-23.
  8. ↑ "Alex Rodriguez Statistics". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 3, 2009.
  9. ↑ "Barry Bonds Statistics". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 3, 2009.
  10. ↑ "Jimmie Foxx Statistics". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 3, 2009.
  11. ↑ "Most Valuable Player MVP Awards & Cy Young Awards Winners". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 3, 2009.
  12. 1 2 3 "Baseball Awards Voting for 1979". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  13. ↑ Kepner, Tyler (November 21, 2011). "Verlander Is First Pitcher Named M.V.P. Since 1992". The New York Times.
  14. 1 2 "Clayton Kershaw, Dodgers". Baseball Writers' Association of America. Retrieved January 19, 2015.
  15. ↑ Doyle, Havey (July 4, 1941). "Mirrors of Sport". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. p. 18. Retrieved January 19, 2010.
  16. ↑ Schwartz, Larry. "He was a pain ... but a great pain". ESPN.com. Retrieved January 19, 2010.
  17. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1911". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 3, 2009.
  18. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1912". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 3, 2009.
  19. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1913". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 3, 2009.
  20. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1914". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 3, 2009.
  21. ↑ Newman, Mark (November 14, 2009). "One of a kind: Another MVP for A-Rod". MLB.com. Retrieved December 5, 2009.
  22. ↑ Gould, Alan (December 8, 1929). "Rogers Hornsby Voted Most Valuable Player in National League". Reading Eagle. Retrieved January 6, 2010.
  23. ↑ "Player Award Goes to Hornsby again". The New York Times. December 8, 1929. p. S2.
  24. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1922". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 5, 2009.
  25. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1923". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 5, 2009.
  26. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1924". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 5, 2009.
  27. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1925". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 8, 2009.
  28. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1926". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 8, 2009.
  29. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1927". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 8, 2009.
  30. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1928". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 8, 2009.
  31. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1929". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 8, 2009.
  32. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1931". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  33. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1932". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  34. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1933". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  35. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1934". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  36. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1935". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  37. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1936". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  38. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1937". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  39. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1938". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  40. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1939". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  41. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1940". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  42. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1941". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  43. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1942". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  44. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1943". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  45. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1944". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  46. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1945". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  47. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1946". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  48. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1947". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  49. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1948". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  50. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1949". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  51. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1950". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  52. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1951". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  53. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1952". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  54. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1953". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  55. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1954". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  56. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1955". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  57. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1956". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  58. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1957". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  59. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1958". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  60. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1959". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  61. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1960". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  62. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1961". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  63. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1962". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  64. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1963". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 12, 2009.
  65. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1964". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 12, 2009.
  66. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1965". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 12, 2009.
  67. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1966". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 12, 2009.
  68. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1967". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 12, 2009.
  69. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1968". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 12, 2009.
  70. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1969". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 12, 2009.
  71. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1970". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 12, 2009.
  72. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1971". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 12, 2009.
  73. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1972". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 12, 2009.
  74. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1973". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 12, 2009.
  75. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1974". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  76. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1975". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  77. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1976". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  78. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1977". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  79. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1978". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  80. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1980". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  81. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1981". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  82. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1982". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  83. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1983". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  84. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1984". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  85. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1985". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  86. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1986". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  87. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1987". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  88. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1988". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  89. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1989". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  90. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1990". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  91. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1991". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  92. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1992". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  93. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1993". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  94. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1994". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  95. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1995". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  96. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1996". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  97. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1997". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  98. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1998". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  99. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1999". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  100. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 2000". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  101. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 2001". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  102. 1 2 "Albert Pujols of St. Louis Cardinals is unanimous National League MVP". ESPN. The Associated Press. November 25, 2009. Retrieved July 14, 2010.
  103. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 2002". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  104. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 2003". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  105. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 2004". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  106. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 2005". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  107. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 2006". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  108. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 2007". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  109. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 2008". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  110. ↑ "Baseball Awards Voting for 2009". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 3, 2009.
  111. ↑ "Rangers Outfielder Josh Hamilton Honored". Baseball Writers' Association of America. Retrieved November 23, 2010.
  112. ↑ "Reds’ Joey Votto Runs Away With Award". Baseball Writers' Association of America. Retrieved November 22, 2010.
  113. ↑ "Justin Verlander Completes Rare Double, Adding MVP to Cy Young". Baseball Writers' Association of America. Retrieved November 21, 2011.
  114. ↑ "Ryan Braun Slugs His Way to Award". Baseball Writers' Association of America. Retrieved November 22, 2011.
  115. ↑ "Mike Trout Highest WAR at Youngest Age". Baseball Writers' Association of America. Retrieved November 15, 2012.
  116. ↑ "YadierMolina". Baseball Writers' Association of America. Retrieved March 13, 2013.
  117. ↑ "Miguel Cabrera Goes Back-to-Back". Baseball Writers' Association of America. Retrieved November 14, 2013.
  118. ↑ "Andrew McCutchen Wins Pirates’ 1st MVP since 1992". Baseball Writers' Association of America. Retrieved November 14, 2013.
  119. ↑ "Mike Trout, Angels". Baseball Writers' Association of America. Retrieved January 19, 2015.
  120. ↑ "Josh Donaldson, Blue Jays". Baseball Writer's Association of America. Retrieved November 7, 2016.
  121. ↑ "Bryce Harper, Nationals". Baseball Writers' Association of America. Retrieved November 7, 2016.
  122. ↑ Angels' Mike Trout wins second AL MVP, edging Red Sox's Mookie Betts
  123. ↑ Gillette & Palmer, pp. 1755–1760
  124. ↑ "Baseball Hall of Fame Inductees". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 3, 2009.
  125. ↑ "Joe Torre". National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum. Retrieved November 13, 2014.

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