Multi-National Force – Iraq

Multi-National Force – Iraq

Multi-National Force-Iraq Should Sleeve Insignia[1]
Active 14 May 2004  31 December 2009
Country

 Iraq

Size 112,000 (December 2009)[2]
Part of United States Central Command
Headquarters Baghdad, Iraq
Engagements

Global War on Terrorism

Website http://www.mnf-iraq.com/
Commanders
Notable
commanders
United States Army Raymond T. Odierno (2008–2009)
United States Army David Petraeus (2007–2008)
United States Army George W. Casey, Jr. (2004–2007)
United States Army Ricardo Sanchez (2004-2004)
Insignia
Distinctive unit insignia
Flag
Flag

The Multi-National Force – Iraq (MNF–I), often referred to as the coalition forces, was a military command during the 2003 invasion of Iraq and much of the ensuing Iraq War, led by the United States of America (Operation Iraqi Freedom), United Kingdom (Operation TELIC), Australia, Spain and Poland, responsible for conducting and handling military operations.

The MNF-I replaced the previous force, Combined Joint Task Force 7, on 15 May 2004, and was later itself reorganized into its successor, United States Forces – Iraq, on 1 January 2010. The Force was significantly reinforced during the Iraq War troop surge of 2007. As of May 2011, all non-U.S. coalition members had withdrawn from Iraq,[3] with the U.S. military withdrawing from the country on December 18, 2011, thus, bringing about an end to the Iraq War.[4]

Also in Iraq, since August 2003, is the United Nations Assistance Mission in Iraq, which does humanitarian work and has a number of guards and military observers. The U.N. Assistance Mission in Iraq was not a part of the MNF-I, but a separate entity. The NATO Training Mission – Iraq, was in Iraq from 2004 to December 2011, where it trained the Iraqi Army and the Iraqi police forces.

Etymology

The news media in the United States generally used the term "U.S.-led coalition" to describe Multi-National Force – Iraq, as the vast majority of military forces in MNF-I were contributed from the United States.[5] The majority of countries that deployed military forces to Iraq as part of the MNF-I generally confined them to their respective military installations,[5] due to widespread violence throughout the country.

History

The MNF-I's objectives, as expressed in an annex to UNSCR 1546, a June 2004 letter from U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell to the U.N. Security Council, were stated to be:

The MNF under unified command is prepared to continue to contribute to the maintenance of security in Iraq, including by preventing and deterring terrorism and protecting the territory of Iraq. The goal of the MNF will be to help the Iraqi people to complete the political transition and will permit the United Nations and the international community to work to facilitate Iraq's reconstruction.
Colin Powell, UNSCR 1546 (June 2004)[6]

The government of Iraq enjoyed broad international recognition, including from constituent countries of the Arab League. Jordan assisted in training of Iraqi security forces, and the United Arab Emirates donated military equipment, though purchased from Switzerland.

As of September 2008, over 545,000 Iraqi security forces have been trained.[7]

In November 2006, the United Nations Security Council voted to extend the mandate of the multinational force in Iraq until the end of 2007. The move was requested by the Iraqi government, which said the troops were needed for another year while it built up its own security forces.[8] In December 2007, the Security Council unanimously approved resolution 1790, which extended the mandate until December 31, 2008.[9]

In December 2008, the American and Iraqi governments signed the U.S.–Iraq Status of Forces Agreement, which covered only American troops. It allowed them to remain in the country until 2011, but changed the status on several issues. Iraq regains sovereignty of its airspace, gains sovereignty over American contractors U.S. forces who commit crimes, if they are both off-duty and off base. The U.S. were given until July 31, 2009 to withdraw from Iraqi cities and the whole agreement was subject to a referendum of Iraqi voters held prior to June 30, 2009. If the referendum failed to approve the agreement, the Iraqi government would have given the U.S. until July 31, 2010 to withdraw completely.

On December 18, 2008 the Iraqi government published a law that covered the status of non-U.S. foreign forces in the country from the end of the U.N.'s mandate on December 31, 2008 through to their withdrawal on July 31, 2009. The Iraqi parliament voted on Saturday December 20, 2008, after a second reading of this law, to reject it and send it back to the Iraqi cabinet. The majority of Iraqi parliamentarians wanted it to be made into a binding international agreement rather than simply presenting it as a local Iraqi law.[10] A compromise was reached and the law passed on December 23, 2008, with the Iraqi government agreeing to then sign bilateral agreements with the affected countries.[11]

List of countries in the coalition

Troop deployment in Iraq 2003–2011

Notable deployment of military equipment

Norway contributed with ARTHUR counter-battery radar systems, which pointed out 1500 bombing targets during"[12] the first days of the war. (The British minister of defence, Geoff Hoon, thanked Norway for its "robust"[12] contribution.)

Countries that deployed troops to Iraq

2011 withdrawals

until May 22, 2011 when all the remaining British troops left Iraq after the Iraqi government rejected their request to stay and to extend their mission.[21] The UK has lost 179 soldiers in Iraq as of 12 February 2009: 136 in roadside bombings, firefights, and rocket attacks. Out of the remaining 43, the cause of death included accidents, 'friendly fire' incidents, illnesses, and suicide. See Operation Telic for further information.

2009 withdrawals

2008 withdrawals

2007 withdrawals

Provincial security transition assessment as of August 2007

2006 withdrawals

2005 withdrawals

2004 withdrawals

Clandestine deployment of Canadian forces

Public relations

YouTube

In early March 2007, Multi-National Force – Iraq announced[121] that it had launched an official YouTube channel for the first time.[122] The channel's videos have over nine million views.[123]

The stated purpose of the YouTube channel is to "document action as it appeared to personnel on the ground and in the air as it was shot." The video clips posted to the site are edited for "time, security reasons, and/or overly disturbing or offensive images."

Commanders

Commanders of Multi-National Force – Iraq
PrecedenceCommanderPortraitStart of tenureEnd of tenure
1 LTG Ricardo Sanchez, USA May 15, 2004 June 4, 2004
2 GEN George W. Casey, Jr., USA June 4, 2004 February 10, 2007
3 GEN David Petraeus, USA February 10, 2007 September 16, 2008
4 GEN Raymond Odierno, USA September 16, 2008 January 1, 2010

Controversy

Critics of the war have argued that, in addition to direct incentives, the involvement of other members of the coalition was in response for indirect benefits, such as support for North Atlantic Treaty Organization membership or other military and financial aid. Estonian Foreign Minister Urmas Paet, stated in April 2006, that Estonian military forces were to remain in Iraq due to Estonia's "important partnership" with the United States.[124]

Incentives given to MNF-I member countries

Many MNF-I member countries had received monetary gain, among other incentives from the United States, in return for their sending of military forces to Iraq, or otherwise supporting coalition forces during the Iraq War.[125]

Georgia

Georgia, is believed to have sent soldiers to Iraq as an act of repayment for the American training of security forces that could potentially be deployed to the break-away regions of South Ossetia and Abkhazia.[126] Indeed, Georgian troops that were sent to Iraq have all undergone these training programs.[127]

Turkey

Turkey was offered approximately $8.5 billion in loans in exchange for sending 10,000 peacekeeping troops in 2003. Even though the United States did say the loans and the sending of troops to Iraq were not directly linked, it also said the loans are contingent upon "cooperation" on Iraq.[128] The Turkish government swiftly rejected all offers of financial aid, and on March 1, 2003, the Turkish Grand National Assembly rejected sending military forces to help participate in the 2003 invasion of Iraq. The decision of the Turkish parliament to do so, at the time, was seen as both a response against American interests in the Middle East, and a desire to keep Turkey out of the Iraq War. The Turkish government, however, allowed all humanitarian flights into and out of Turkey, such as the airlifting of wounded coalition forces.

United Kingdom

In March 2006, British newspaper, The Independent, reported that companies based within the United Kingdom had received at least £1.1bn in contracts for reconstruction work in post-invasion Iraq.[129]

Deaths

When U.S. forces withdrew in December 2011, 4,804 coalition military personnel had been killed in Iraq. This list, which includes withdrawn countries, lists those deaths.[130]

Coalition fatalities
CountryDeathsReference(s)
 United States 4,486 [131]
 United Kingdom 179 [132]
 Italy 33 [133]
 Poland 23 [134]
 Ukraine 18 [135]
 Bulgaria 13 [136]
 Spain 11 [137]
 Denmark 7 [138]
 El Salvador 5 [139]
 Georgia 5 [140]
 Slovakia 4 [141]
 Latvia 3 [142]
 Romania 3 [143]
 Estonia 2 [144]
 Thailand 2 [145]
 Australia 2 [146]
 Netherlands 2 [147]
 Kazakhstan 1 [148]
 South Korea 1 [149]
 Hungary 1 [150]
 Czech Republic 1 [151]
 Azerbaijan 1 [152]

See also

References

  1. "U.S. ARMY ELEMENT, MULTI-NATIONAL FORCE IRAQ Should Sleeve Insignia". U.S. Army The Institute of Heraldry. Retrieved 2017-02-13.
  2. United States Department of Defense (December 19, 2009). "Teamwork Key to Iraqi Security, Mullen Says". United States Department of Defense. United States Department of Defense. Archived from the original on November 28, 2010.
  3. DoD report, June 2009
  4. "Deadly Iraq war ends with exit of last U.S. troops – CNN.com". CNN. December 18, 2011.
  5. 1 2 Partlow, Joshua (December 8, 2007). "List of 'Willing' U.S. Allies Shrinks Steadily in Iraq". The Washington Post. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  6. Powell, Colin (June 2004). "UNSCR 1546" (PDF). United Nations. United Nations.
  7. Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs (4 June 2008). "Iraq Weekly Status Report" (PDF). US Department of State. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 June 2008. Retrieved 20 December 2015.
  8. "UN renews mandate for Iraq troops". BBC News. November 28, 2006.
  9. "Security Council, 5808th Meeting" (Press release). United Nations. 2007-12-18. Retrieved 2008-06-12.
  10. "Iraq MPs block non-US troop bill". BBC News. 20 December 2008. Retrieved 20 December 2015.
  11. "BBC NEWS – Middle East – Iraqi MPs back foreign troop deal". BBC News. December 23, 2008. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  12. 1 2 Erling Borgen (2014-03-24). "Dobbeltmoralske øvelser" [Exercises in double set of morals]. Dagsavisen. Archived from the original on March 24, 2014.
  13. "Iraq approves return of small British force". CNN. October 13, 2009. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  14. "UK to pull 800 troops from Iraq". CNN. Archived from the original on 2006-04-20.
  15. "Reports: UK to begin withdrawing Iraq troops". CNN. Retrieved May 13, 2010.
  16. "Britain to cut troops in Iraq to 2,500 in 2008". International Herald Tribune. The Associated Press. 8 October 2007. Archived from the original on 18 May 2008. Retrieved 20 December 2015.
  17. Elizabeth Stewart (April 1, 2008). "Plans to cut UK troops in Iraq put on hold". the Guardian. London. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  18. "UK to start Iraq troop withdrawal by May 31 latest". Euronews. 18 December 2008. Archived from the original on 21 December 2008. Retrieved 20 December 2015.
  19. "Brown Says U.K. Forces Will Leave Iraq in 2009 (Update3)". Bloomberg. December 17, 2008. Archived from the original on 21 March 2010. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  20. "Iraq approves draft law for troops withdrawal". Indian Info. IANS. 18 December 2008. Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2015.
  21. "BBC News – UK's Operation Telic mission in Iraq ends". BBC News. May 22, 2011. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  22. "Deal would have U.S. troops out of Iraq by 2012". http://www.cnn.com/. June 8, 2009. Retrieved 15 October 2011. External link in |publisher= (help)
  23. "Barack Obama: All US troops to leave Iraq in 2011". www.bbc.com. October 21, 2011. Retrieved 21 October 2011.
  24. "US Formally Ends Iraq War With Little Fanfare". http://abcnews.go.com/. Retrieved 16 December 2011. External link in |publisher= (help)
  25. Tim Arango; Michael S. Schmidt (18 December 2011). "Last Convoy of American Troops Leaves Iraq". New York Times. Retrieved 13 February 2013.
  26. "Last US troops withdraw from Iraq". BBC News. 18 December 2011. Retrieved 13 February 2013.
  27. "Iraq in political turmoil hours after last US troops depart". The Daily Telegraph. London. 19 December 2013. Retrieved 13 February 2013. The completion of the US withdrawal on Sunday ended nearly nine years of war, but left many Iraqis fearful that a shaky peace between majority Shi'ites and Sunnis might collapse and reignite sectarian violence.
  28. "Rudd makes surprise Iraq visit". The Australian.
  29. 1 2 "Australia Withdraws Troops From Iraq". Reuters. June 1, 2008.
  30. "Rudd makes surprise Iraq visit". The Australian.
  31. "Australia ends Iraq troop presence". Express.co.uk. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  32. "Kovco died in 'gun bungle'". The Sydney Morning Herald. December 1, 2006.
  33. "iraqupdates.com". Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  34. Santa Barbara News-Press
  35. "El Salvador withdraws last soldiers from Iraq". The Jerusalem Post. 7 February 2009. Retrieved 20 December 2015.
  36. "No More Estonian Troop Units In Iraq - Defense Ministry". ADVFN. Dow Jones News. 22 January 2009. Retrieved 20 December 2015.
  37. "mnf-iraq.com". Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  38. John Pike. "Estonian troops may go to Afghanistan, not Iraq". Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  39. "USATODAY.com – Coalition in Iraq continues to dwindle". USA Today. May 30, 2006. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  40. "Romania withdrawing troops from Iraq by end of year". Welland Tribune. Tribune Wire Services. 6 November 2008. Retrieved 20 December 2015.
  41. "Romania's last contingent in Iraq returns home – People's Daily Online". Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  42. William J. Kole. "Coalition losing most non-U.S. troops". The Columbus Dispatch. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  43. "Albania sends more troops to Iraq – People's Daily Online". Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  44. Xinhuanet.com (in Chinese)
  45. 1 2 "Login using your social network". Archived from the original on 2009-03-10.
  46. "Write better papers, faster!". Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  47. "Write better papers, faster!". Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  48. "ARMENIAN PEACEKEEPERS TO STAY AN EXTRA YEAR IN IRAQ". AZG Armenian Daily. 6 December 2005. Archived from the original on 18 March 2007. Retrieved 21 December 2015.
  49. "Armenian defense minister to visit Iraq as Armenia is to extend small troop presence". Associated Press. November 13, 2006. Archived from the original on 7 April 2012. Retrieved 2007-02-20.
  50. "Armenia Ends Iraq Mission". Yerevan (RFE/RL). October 15, 2008. Retrieved 2008-10-17.
  51. "Iraq: As Third-Largest Contingent, Georgia Hopes To Show Its Worth". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  52. "Azerbaijani troops end mission in Iraq". Archived from the original on 2009-08-09.
  53. Iraq-based Azerbaijani Peacekeeper Dies |TREND News
  54. Entertainment and World News on Monsters and Critics Archived January 10, 2009, at the Wayback Machine.
  55. 1 2 "Login". Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  56. JTW News – Bulgarian Unit Deployed at Camp Ashraf in Iraq Archived 2007-09-29 at the Wayback Machine.
  57. John Pike. "Mujahedin-e Khalq Organization (MEK or MKO)". Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  58. "Last Bulgarian Troops Return from Iraq". Balkan Insight. 18 December 2008. Retrieved 21 December 2015.
  59. "Parliament approves withdrawal of most Czech troops from Iraq in 2008". International Herald Tribune. The Associated Press. 5 December 2007. Archived from the original on 18 May 2008. Retrieved 21 December 2015.
  60. "Czechs to withdraw most of its troops from Iraq". International Herald Tribune. The Associated Press. 1 October 2008. Archived from the original on 2 December 2008. Retrieved 21 December 2015.
  61. John Pike. "Czech Republic Army marks end of mission". Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  62. Press Releases, Statements & Transcripts – Embassy of the U.S. in Georgia
  63. Collin, Matthew (March 9, 2007). "Georgia to double troops in Iraq". BBC News. Retrieved May 13, 2010.
  64. Partlow, Joshua (December 8, 2007). "List of 'Willing' U.S. Allies Shrinks Steadily in Iraq". The Washington Post. Retrieved May 13, 2010.
  65. "Peace bid as Ossetia crisis rages". BBC. 2008-08-09. Retrieved 2008-08-09.
  66. "U.S. takes Georgian troops home from Iraq". Air Force Times. 2008-08-11. Retrieved 2008-08-12.
  67. Kramer, Andrew E. (October 9, 2007). "Russia on Its Mind, Georgia Flexes Its Muscle in Iraq". The New York Times. Retrieved May 13, 2010.
  68. Online Magazine – Civil Georgia
  69. Golovnina, Maria (21 October 2008). "Kazakhstan withdraws soldiers from Iraq". Reuters. ASTANA. Retrieved 21 December 2015.
  70. https://web.archive.org/web/20151005123617/http://en.aswataliraq.info/?p=103981. Archived from the original on October 5, 2015. Retrieved February 18, 2016. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  71. 1 2 3 New York Times
  72. "mnf-iraq.com". Archived from the original on September 4, 2009. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  73. "Ministry of National Defence Republic of Lithuania". Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  74. The New York Times – Breaking News, World News & Multimedia
  75. Thomson Reuters Foundation. "Thomson Reuters Foundation". Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  76. Thomson Reuters Foundation. "Thomson Reuters Foundation". Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  77. Google.com Archived October 3, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
  78. Mongolian Contingent in Iraq Mongolian Contingent in Iraq An Afghan Education from the Ground Up
  79. A Salute to Our Gallant Allies in Iraq Archived February 4, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.
  80. Polskie Radio Online – Błąd Archived May 24, 2008, at the Wayback Machine.
  81. Poland marks end of mission in Iraq Archived August 18, 2010, at the Wayback Machine.
  82. "POLAND: It's Hard Saying Even Goodbye to Iraq". Archived from the original on February 20, 2012. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  83. "SAF's LST Returns from Middle East". MINDEF. Retrieved 2007-04-21.
  84. "SAF C-130 Aircraft Returns from the Gulf". MINDEF. Retrieved 2007-04-21.
  85. "SAF KC-135 Returns from Gulf". MINDEF. Retrieved 2007-04-21.
  86. "SAF LST Returns from Persian Gulf". MINDEF. Retrieved 2007-04-21.
  87. "SAF KC-135 Aircraft Returns from the Gulf". MINDEF. Retrieved 2007-04-21.
  88. "SAF Ship Returns from Persian Gulf". MINDEF. Retrieved 2007-04-21.
  89. Multi National Force – Iraq
  90. "Tonga". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  91. "Tonga troops prepare for Iraq duty – The Honolulu Advertiser – Hawaii's Newspaper". Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  92. Rubin, Alissa J. (December 6, 2008). "Troop Pullout to Leave U.S. and Britain as Iraq Force". The New York Times. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  93. "У Миколаєві відбувся благодійний футбольний матч "Кубок миру" на підтримку Українського війська". Міністерство оборони України. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  94. Sgt. Rodney Foliente (11 December 2008). "Ukrainians complete mission in Iraq". Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  95. "U.S. allies withdraw from Iraq". Archived from the original on 2005-12-29.
  96. "Ukraine withdraws last troops in Iraq". ReliefWeb. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  97. Press TV – Denmark to pull air force out of Iraq Archived May 27, 2008, at the Wayback Machine.
  98. The Copenhagen Post. "Wars may force budget alterations". jyllands-posten.dk. Archived from the original on October 7, 2015.
  99. 1 2 Denmark hands over responsibilities to British military in Iraq – International Herald Tribune Archived October 14, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.
  100. Hjem – DIIS Archived September 15, 2012, at the Wayback Machine. (in Danish)
  101. "World news and comment from the Guardian – The Guardian". the Guardian. London. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  102. "FOCUS Information Agency". FOCUS Information Agency. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  103. Denmark sends special forces to Iraq – International Herald Tribune Archived May 1, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.
  104. "DefenseNews.com – Denmark: We’re Staying the Course in Iraq – 12/05/05 13:24". Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  105. Slovakia to withdraw its last two soldiers in Iraq – International Herald Tribune Archived October 14, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.
  106. (in Chinese) Slovakia leaves Iraq, sends more troops to Kosovo, Afghanistan_English_Xinhua
  107. Sturcke, James (May 18, 2006). "Prodi condemns Iraq war as 'grave mistake'". The Guardian. London. Retrieved May 13, 2010.
  108. Al Jazeera English – Archive – Italian Leader Seeks Iraq Troop Pullout Archived June 3, 2006, at the Wayback Machine.
  109. "Italy pledges commitment to Iraq". CNN. Reuters. Archived from the original on 31 May 2006. Retrieved 21 December 2015.
  110. "Dominican Republic to Pull Iraq Troops Early". Fox News. April 20, 2004. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  111. Spencer C. Tucker (14 December 2015). U.S. Conflicts in the 21st Century: Afghanistan War, Iraq War, and the War on Terror [3 volumes]: Afghanistan War, Iraq War, and the War on Terror. ABC-CLIO. p. 423. ISBN 978-1-4408-3879-8.
  112. "FAQs Re Light Engineer Group To Iraq". Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  113. NZ Army – Welcome
  114. "Filipino Hostage Freed In Baghdad". CBS News. 21 July 2004. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  115. Sunstar Global Archived August 8, 2009, at the Wayback Machine.
  116. Steve Schifferes (March 18, 2003). "US names 'coalition of the willing'". BBC News.
  117. 1 2 Greg Weston (May 16, 2011). "Canada offered to aid Iraq invasion: WikiLeaks". CBC News. Archived from the original on July 23, 2014.
  118. Jon Elmer and Anthony Fenton (January 25, 2008). "Canadian General Takes Senior Command Role in Iraq". Global Research.
  119. "Canadian pilots flew missions in Iraq". Canada.com/The Ottawa Citizen. April 22, 2008.
  120. "PM says 'it's possible' Canadian soldiers in Iraq". CBC News. April 4, 2003.
  121. "Coalition operations on YouTube". Multi-National Force – Iraq. March 17, 2007. Archived from the original on September 11, 2009.
  122. Multi-National Force – Iraq. YouTube. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  123. Smith-Spark, Laura (May 11, 2007). "US military takes Iraq war to YouTube". BBC News.
  124. "DefenseNews.com – Estonia Should Keep Troops in Iraq in 2007: Official – 04/21/06 12:06". Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  125. "US Pays Back Nations That Supported War – UN Security Council". Global Policy Forum.
  126. "U.S. quietly puts down roots in Georgia". csmonitor.com.
  127. "U.S. Army Europe to train more Georgian troops". Stars and Stripes. June 27, 2006.
  128. "Turks pitch in: new troops to Iraq". Christian Science Monitor.
  129. Verkaik, Robert (March 13, 2006). "The War Dividend: The British companies making a fortune out of conflict-riven Iraq". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on July 8, 2008. Retrieved May 13, 2010.
  130. iCasualties. "Operation Iraqi Freedom". iCasualties. iCasualties. Retrieved February 14, 2014.
  131. iCasualties. "United States". iCasualties. iCasualties. Retrieved February 14, 2014.
  132. iCasualties. "United Kingdom". iCasualties. iCasualties. Retrieved February 14, 2014.
  133. iCasualties. "Italy". iCasualties. iCasualties. Retrieved February 14, 2014.
  134. iCasualties. "Poland". iCasualties. iCasualties. Retrieved February 14, 2014.
  135. iCasualties. "Ukraine". iCasualties. iCasualties. Retrieved February 14, 2014.
  136. iCasualties. "Bulgaria". iCasualties. iCasualties. Retrieved February 14, 2014.
  137. iCasualties. "Spain". iCasualties. iCasualties. Retrieved February 14, 2014.
  138. iCasualties. "Denmark". iCasualties. iCasualties. Retrieved February 14, 2014.
  139. iCasualties. "El Salvador". iCasualties. iCasualties. Retrieved February 14, 2014.
  140. iCasualties. "Georgia". iCasualties. iCasualties. Retrieved February 14, 2014.
  141. iCasualties. "Slovakia". iCasualties. iCasualties. Retrieved February 14, 2014.
  142. iCasualties. "Latvia". iCasualties. iCasualties. Retrieved February 14, 2014.
  143. iCasualties. "Romania". iCasualties. iCasualties. Retrieved February 14, 2014.
  144. iCasualties. "Estonia". iCasualties. iCasualties. Retrieved February 14, 2014.
  145. iCasualties. "Thailand". iCasualties. iCasualties. Retrieved February 14, 2014.
  146. iCasualties. "Australia". iCasualties. iCasualties. Retrieved February 14, 2014.
  147. iCasualties. "Netherlands". iCasualties. iCasualties. Retrieved February 14, 2014.
  148. iCasualties. "Kazakhstan". iCasualties. iCasualties. Retrieved February 14, 2014.
  149. iCasualties. "South Korea". iCasualties. iCasualties. Retrieved February 14, 2014.
  150. iCasualties. "Hungary". iCasualties. iCasualties. Retrieved February 14, 2014.
  151. iCasualties. "Czech Republic". iCasualties. iCasualties. Retrieved February 14, 2014.
  152. iCasualties. "Azerbaijan". iCasualties. iCasualties. Retrieved February 14, 2014.

Further reading

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.