Mullivaikkal Remembrance Day

Mullivaikkal Remembrance Day (or simply Mullivaikkal Day; Tamil: முள்ளிவாய்க்கால் நினைவு நாள் Muḷḷivāykkāl Niṉaivu Nāḷ) is a remembrance day observed by Sri Lankan Tamil people to remember those who died in the final stages of the Sri Lankan Civil War. It is held each year on 18 May, the date on which the civil war ended in 2009, and is named after Mullivaikkal, a village on the north-east coast of Sri Lanka which was the scene of the final battle of the civil war.

Background

Labour Party MP Charles Chauvel lighting a candle on Mullivaikkal Remembrance Day 2010 in Wellington, New Zealand

Uthayan staff donating blood on Mullivaikkal Remembrance Day 2013 in Jaffna, Sri Lanka

Between 1983 and 2009 Sri Lankan Tamil militant groups led by the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) fought against the Sri Lankan state to create an independent state of Tamil Eelam in the north and east of Sri Lanka. By 2007 the civil war had cost an estimated 70,000 lives.^[1] The final months of the civil war in late 2008/early 2009 witnessed particularly brutal fighting between the Sri Lankan military and the LTTE.^[2][3] Around 300,000 civilians were trapped between the two sides.^[4] The civil war ended on 18 May 2009 with the killing of Velupillai Prabhakaran, leader of the LTTE.^[5] A United Nations report found that as many as 40,000 civilians may have been killed in the final months of the civil war, mostly as a result of indiscriminate shelling by the Sri Lankan military.^[6][7][8] There are widespread allegations that both sides committed atrocities and human rights violations including war crimes.^[9][10][11] The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights is currently investigating the alleged war crimes.^[12][13]

Commemoration banned

The Sri Lankan government, which has declared 18 May as Victory Day, celebrates the day with military parades.^[14] The day is also a commemoration for dead military personnel who are treated as "war heroes".^[15] However, there is no official commemoration for the thousands of Tamil civilians killed in the civil war despite the government's own Lessons Learnt and Reconciliation Commission recommending that all the war's dead be commemorated on National Day (4 February).^[16][17] Instead, the government has virtually banned Tamils from commemorating their war dead.^[18][19] In the run up to 18 May security is tightened in the Tamil dominated Northern and Eastern provinces and schools and universities are closed to prevent any public commemoration.^[20][21][22]

The government and its security forces regard any commemoration by Tamils to be commemoration of the LTTE, not civilians.^[23] The security forces claim that Tamils may commemorate dead LTTE members in private but there have been reports of the military entering homes to prevent commemoration.^[24][25]

Remembrance day

Despite the security restrictions Tamils in Sri Lanka hold small events on 18 May, which they call Mullivaikkal Remembrance Day, to commemorate their dead.^[26][27][28] However, public commemorations are dealt harshly by the Sri Lankan security forces.^[29][30] Tamil politicians have been arrested for commemorating Mullivaikkal Remembrance Day.^[31][32]

In the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, a number of political parties, youth organizations, social movement groups etc. engage themselves in organizing a number of remembrance events across the state. ^[33][34][35]

Amongst the Sri Lankan Tamil diaspora, where there are no restrictions on commemorating Mullivaikkal Remembrance Day, large public gatherings are held.^{[36][37][38][39]}

See also

• Maaveerar Naal
• Mullivaikal Muttram

References