Mount Albert (New Zealand electorate)

Mount Albert electorate boundaries used since the 2014 election

Mount Albert is a parliamentary electorate in Auckland, New Zealand, returning one Member of Parliament (MP) to the New Zealand House of Representatives. It was represented by David Shearer from 13 June 2009 to 31 December 2016. It was represented by Helen Clark from the 1981 general election until her resignation from Parliament on 17 April 2009. It has elected only Labour Party MPs since it was first contested at the 1946 election. The current representative is the Labour Party leader, Jacinda Ardern, who was elected in a 2017 by-election gaining 77 percent of votes cast in the preliminary results.[1]

The area that the electorate contains is notable for having produced two Labour Prime Ministers - Michael Joseph Savage, who represented the Auckland West electorate that Mt Albert was re-created out of in 1946, and Helen Clark. Additionally, two Labour leaders, former leader David Shearer and current Labour leader, Jacinda Ardern, have held the electorate but have not served as Prime Minister.[2]

Population centres

The 1941 census had been postponed due to World War II, so the 1946 electoral redistribution had to take ten years of population growth and movements into account. The North Island gained a further two electorates from the South Island due to faster population growth. The abolition of the country quota through the Electoral Amendment Act, 1945 reduced the number and increased the size of rural electorates. None of the existing electorates remained unchanged, 27 electorates were abolished, eight former electorates were re-established, and 19 electorates were created for the first time, including Mount Albert.[3]

Mount Albert covers a segment of western Auckland City, based around the suburb of Mount Albert and stretching from Kingsland on the eastern periphery of the central city down to Sandringham and extending as far as Avondale on the seat's western edge. Changes brought about by an electoral redistribution after the 2006 census saw a swap of suburbs with neighbouring Auckland Central – Newton on the city fringe being returned to Auckland Central, having been moved out in 1999, and Point Chevalier being drafted in.

The present incarnation of Mount Albert dates to 1999, when the creation of the Mount Roskill seat necessitated removing the suburbs clustered around the north side of Manukau Harbour from the Owairaka electorate. The name Mount Albert had been out of use for only three years – before Owairaka was drawn up ahead of the change to Mixed Member Proportional voting in 1996, the Mount Albert electorate had been part of the New Zealand electoral landscape for fifty years.

History

Mount Albert was first created for the 1946 election.[4] The electorate is notable for being contested by two later Prime Ministers, Robert Muldoon and Helen Clark.

The first representative, Arthur Shapton Richards, died after only one year in the office.[5]

Richards was succeeded by Warren Freer in the 1947 by-election, and Freer held the electorate until he retired in 1981.[6] Freer was challenged in the 1954 election by National's Muldoon (Prime Minister from 1975 to 1984). This occasion was Muldoon's first attempt at entering Parliament.[7] He tried to claim the seat from Labour, but no National Party candidate has ever managed to achieve what Muldoon also couldn't do. Mount Albert's inner-suburb, working-class composition makes it one of the Labour Party's safest seats. Muldoon had also previously in 1951, failed to win the National nomination for the Mount Albert electorate.[7]

Freer was succeeded by Helen Clark,[8] who held the electorate until 1993, when it was abolished and she moved to the Owairaka electorate instead. When the Mount Albert electorate was re-established for the 1999 election, Clark became the representative again. Clark was Prime Minister from 1999 to 2008. In 2009, she resigned to become head of the United Nations Development Program,[9]

Clark was succeeded by David Shearer through the 13 June 2009 by-election. He was re-elected as MP in the 2011 and 2014 general elections. However, his appointment to lead the United Nation's peacekeeping mission in South Sudan, pending his resignation, will result in a by-election in early 2017.[10]

Members of Parliament

Key

  Labour  

Election Winner
1946 election Arthur Shapton Richards
1947 by-election Warren Freer
1949 election
1951 election
1954 election
1957 election
1960 election
1963 election
1966 election
1969 election
1972 election
1975 election
1978 election
1981 election Helen Clark
1984 election
1987 election
1990 election
1993 election
(Electorate abolished 1996–1999), see Owairaka)
1999 election Helen Clark (2nd period)
2002 election
2005 election
2008 election
2009 by-election David Shearer
2011 election
2014 election
2017 by-election Jacinda Ardern

List MPs

Members of Parliament elected from party lists in elections where that person also unsuccessfully contested the Mount Albert electorate. Unless otherwise stated, all MPs terms began and ended at general elections.

Key

  National     Green  

Election Winner
2011 election David Clendon
Melissa Lee
2014 election Melissa Lee

Election results

2017 by-election

The following table shows the final results:[11]

Mount Albert by-election, 2017

Notes: Blue background denotes the winner of the by-election.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list prior to the by-election.
Yellow background denotes the winner of the by-election, who was a list MP prior to the by-election.
A Green tickY or Red XN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Jacinda Ardern 10,495 76.89
Green Julie Anne Genter 1,564 11.45
Opportunities Geoff Simmons 623 4.56
People's Party Vin Tomar 218 1.59
Socialist Aotearoa Joe Carolan 189 1.38
Independent Penny Bright 139 1.01
Legalise Cannabis Abe Gray 97 0.71
Independent Adam Amos 81 0.59
Independent Dale Arthur 54 0.39
Human Rights Anthony Van den Heuvel 34 0.24
Independent Peter Wakeman 30 0.21
Not A Party Simon Smythe 19 0.13
Communist League Patrick Brown 16 0.11
Informal votes 90 0.65
Total Valid votes 13,649
Labour hold Majority 8,931 65.43

2014 election

General election, 2014: Mount Albert[12]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Green tickY or Red XN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party Votes % ±%
Labour Green tickY David Shearer 20,970 58.17 −1.02 10,823 29.31 −7.78
National Melissa Lee 10,314 28.61 +1.11 14,359 38.89 +2.22
Green Jeanette Elley 3,152 8.74 −0.75 8,005 21.68 +4.53
Conservative Jeffrey Johnson 525 1.46 −1.03 719 1.95 +0.34
ACT Tommy Fergusson 321 0.89 −0.45 356 0.96 +0.03
Mana Joe Carolan 290 0.80 +0.80
Human Rights Anthony van den Heuvel 76 0.21 +0.21
Independent Michael Wackrow 68 0.19 +0.19
NZ First   1,512 4.10 −0.43
Internet Mana   603 1.63 +1.05[lower-alpha 1]
Māori   178 0.48 −0.04
Legalise Cannabis   93 0.25 −0.16
United Future   57 0.15 −0.20
Ban 1080   12 0.03 +0.03
Civilian   11 0.03 +0.03
Democrats   7 0.02 ±0.00
Focus   6 0.02 +0.02
Independent Coalition   5 0.01 +0.01
Informal votes 336 176
Total Valid votes 36,052 36,922
Turnout 36,922 79.41 +6.42
Labour hold Majority 10,656 29.56 −2.13

2011 election

General election, 2011: Mount Albert[13]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Green tickY or Red XN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party Votes % ±%
Labour Green tickY David Shearer 18,716 59.19 -0.10 12,238 37.09 -5.51
National Melissa Lee 8,695 27.50 -1.35 12,102 36.67 +1.01
Green David Clendon 3,000 9.49 +3.55 5,660 17.15 +6.15
Conservative Frank Poching 786 2.49 +2.49 532 1.61 +1.61
ACT Stephen Boyle 425 1.34 -2.75 306 0.93 -2.58
NZ First   1,494 4.53 +1.85
Mana   191 0.58 -+0.58
Māori   172 0.52 -0.26
Legalise Cannabis   135 0.41 +0.12
United Future   114 0.35 -0.32
Libertarianz   29 0.09 +0.04
Alliance   21 0.06 +0.01
Democrats   5 0.02 -0.005
Informal votes 969 272
Total Valid votes 31,622 32,999
Labour hold Majority 10,021 31.69 +1.24

Electorate (as at 26 November 2011): 45,208[14]

2009 by-election

Mount Albert by-election, 2009

Notes: Blue background denotes the winner of the by-election.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list prior to the by-election.
Yellow background denotes the winner of the by-election, who was a list MP prior to the by-election.
A Green tickY or Red XN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour David Shearer 13,260 63.49 +4.20
National Melissa Leea 3,542 16.96 -11.88
Green Russel Normana 2,567 12.29 +6.35
ACT John Boscawena 968 4.63 +0.54
Bill and Ben Ben Boyce 158 0.76
Legalise Cannabis Dakta Green 92 0.44
Kiwi Simonne Dyer 91 0.44
United Future Judy Turner 89 0.43
Libertarianz Julian Pistorius 39 0.19
Independent Jim Bagnell 24 0.11
Independent Ari Baker 15 0.07
Human Rights Anthony Van den Heuvel 13 0.06
People Before Profit Malcom France 13 0.06
Independent Jackson James Wood 9 0.04
People's Choice Rusty Kane 5 0.02
Informal votes 58
Total Valid votes 20,885
Labour hold Majority 9,718 46.40 +4.02

a Three candidates were list MPs elected at the 2008 election.

2008 election

General election, 2008: Mount Albert[15]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Green tickY or Red XN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party Votes % ±%
Labour Green tickY Helen Clark 20,157 59.29 -7.26 14,894 42.60 -11.73
National Ravi Musuku 9,806 28.84 +9.21 12,468 35.66 +9.31
Green Jon Carapiet 2,019 5.94 +1.22 3,846 11.00 +1.73
ACT Kathleen McCabe 1,392 4.09 +1.72 1,227 3.51 +1.49
Kiwi Christian Dawson 249 0.73 157 0.45
Pacific Milo Siilata 234 0.69 273 0.78
Human Rights Anthony van den Heuvel 87 0.26
RONZ Dave Llewell 53 0.16 +0.16 16 0.05 +0.03
NZ First   936 2.68 -0.70
Māori   273 0.78 -0.26
Progressive   244 0.70
United Future   232 0.66
Bill and Ben   132 0.38
Legalise Cannabis   101 0.29
Family Party   92 0.26
Alliance   19 0.05
RAM   19 0.05
Libertarianz   16 0.05
Workers Party   11 0.03
Democrats   7 0.02
Informal votes 410 256
Total Valid votes 33,997 34,963
Labour hold Majority 10,351

2005 election

General election, 2005: Mount Albert[16]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Green tickY or Red XN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party Votes % ±%
Labour Green tickY Helen Clark 20,918 66.55 -1.94 17,501 54.33 +2.53
National Ravi Musuku 6,169 19.63 8,488 26.35 +13.33
Green Jon Carapiet 1,485 4.72 -0.67 2,985 9.27 -1.35
NZ First Julian Batchelor 746 2.37 1,089 3.38 -3.01
ACT David Seymour 746 2.37 651 2.02 -5.09
United Future Tony Gordon 529 1.68 649 2.01 -3.28
Progressive Jenny Wilson 407 1.29 525 1.59 -0.10
Destiny Anne Williamson 337 1.07 157 0.49
Independent James Bagnall 83 0.26
Anti-Capitalist Daphna Whitmore 79 0.25 -0.15
Independent Anthony Ravlich 47 0.15
Direct Democracy Howard Ponga 30 0.10 10 0.03
Independent Erik Taylor 29 0.09
Māori   168 0.52
Legalise Cannabis   43 0.13 -0.40
Christian Heritage   40 0.12 -0.89
Alliance   22 0.07 -1.69
Family Rights   20 0.06
Libertarianz   19 0.06
RONZ   8 0.02
99 MP   6 0.02
Democrats   3 0.01
One NZ   0 0.00 -0.01
Informal votes 316 130
Total Valid votes 31,747 32,342
Labour hold Majority 14,749

2002 election

General election, 2002: Mount Albert[17]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Green tickY or Red XN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party Votes % ±%
Labour Green tickY Helen Clark 19,514 68.49 15,021 51.80
National Raewyn Bhana 3,490 12.24 3,777 13.02
ACT Bruce Williams 1,550 5.44 2,063 7.11
Green Jon Carapiet 1,537 5.39 3,080 10.62
United Future Hassan Hosseini 726 2.54 1,534 5.29
Christian Heritage Pauline G Cooper 426 1.49 295 1.01
Alliance Jill Ovens 334 1.17 494 1.70
Progressive Gillian Dance 299 1.04 491 1.69
Legalise Cannabis Daphna Whitmore 116 0.40 115 0.53
Independent Rick Stevenson 52 0.18
NZ First   1,855 6.39
ORNZ   98 0.33
Mana Māori   6 0.02
One NZ   4 0.01
NMP   4 0.01
Informal votes 447 160
Total Valid votes 28,491 28,997
Labour hold Majority 16,024 56.24

1999 election

Refer to Candidates in the New Zealand general election 1999 by electorate#Mount Albert for a list of candidates.

1993 election

General election, 1993: Mount Albert[18]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Helen Clark 9,546 49.4 +6.0
National Vanessa Brown 4,890 25.3
Alliance Doug McGee 2,873 14.8
NZ First Elizabeth Anderson 1,370 7.0
Christian Heritage J Meder 259 1.3
McGillicuddy Serious KT Julian 195 1.0
Workers Rights I Sowry 97 0.5
Natural Law S Sanson 62 0.3
Defence Movement Anthony Van Den Heuvel 25 0.1
Majority 4,656 24.1 +17.5
Turnout 19,317 87.5 +5.4

1990 election

General election, 1990: Mount Albert[19]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Helen Clark 7,914 43.4 -18.3
National Larry Belshaw 6,684 36.7
Green H Parke 1,774 9.7
NewLabour Jennie Walker 1,418 7.7
McGillicuddy Serious Adrian Holroyd 151 0.8
Social Credit R Povall 133 0.7
Democrats Syd Leach 127 0.6
Majority 1,230 6.7 -22.3
Turnout 18,201 82.1 -7.1

1987 election

General election, 1987: Mount Albert[20]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Helen Clark 11,326 61.7 +5.0
National Rob Wheeler 5,989 32.7
Democrats Gillian Dance 861 4.7
Independent Malcolm Moses 17 0.9
Majority 5,537 29.0 +0.3
Turnout 21,653 89.2 -4.5

1984 election

General election, 1984: Mount Albert[20]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Helen Clark 12,231 56.7 +5.4
National Rod Cavanagh 6,024 28.0
NZ Party Michelle Gonsalves 2,390 11.1
Social Credit D J McGee 908 4.2
Majority 6,207 28.7 +8.7
Turnout 23.995 93.7

1981 election

General election, 1981: Mount Albert[20]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Helen Clark 10,027 51.3
National Warren Moyes 6,120 31.3
Social Credit Harold Dance 3,391 17.4 +5.4
Majority 3,907 20.0
Turnout 22,627 86.9 +30.9

1947 by-election

Mount Albert by-election, 1947[21]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Warren Freer 7,235 56.01
National Jack Garland 5,682 43.99
Majority 1,553 12.02
Informal votes 26
Registered electors 14,861
Turnout 12,943 87.09
Labour hold Swing

1946 election

General election, 1946: Mount Albert[21]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Arthur Shapton Richards 7,681 56.88
National F A Hosking 5,824 43.12
Majority 1,857 13.75
Informal votes 74
Registered electors 14,374
Turnout 13,579 94.47

Table footnotes

  1. ↑ 2014 Internet Mana swing is relative to the votes for Mana in 2011; it shared a party list with Internet in the 2014 election.

Notes

  1. ↑ "Jacinda Ardern wins landslide victory Mt Albert by-election". The New Zealand Herald. 25 February 2017. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
  2. ↑ Moir, Jo (2 August 2017). "Mt Albert - the political home of Labour leaders for almost 100 yearselection". Stuff.co.nz. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  3. ↑ McRobie 1989, pp. 91–96.
  4. ↑ Wilson 1985, p. 267.
  5. ↑ Gower, Patrick (31 March 2009). "Seven Labour candidates tipped to try for Mt Albert seat". The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
  6. ↑ Wilson 1985, p. 198.
  7. 1 2 Gustafson, Barry. "Muldoon, Robert David". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 30 December 2013.
  8. ↑ Wilson 1985, p. 189.
  9. ↑ "Helen Clark unanimously confirmed as new head of UNDP" (Press release). United Nations Development Program. 31 March 2009. Retrieved 21 September 2009.
  10. ↑ Sam Sachdeva (14 December 2016). "David Shearer formally appointed to lead UN peacekeeping team in South Sudan". Stuff.co.nz. Retrieved 19 December 2016.
  11. ↑ "Mt Albert - Preliminary Count". Electoral Commission. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
  12. ↑ "Official Count Results -- Mt Albert (2014)". Electoral Commission. Retrieved 11 April 2016.
  13. ↑ 2011 election results
  14. ↑ "Enrolment statistics". Electoral Commission. 26 November 2011. Retrieved 27 November 2011.
  15. ↑ 2008 election results
  16. ↑ 2005 election results
  17. ↑ 2002 election results
  18. ↑ Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1993.
  19. ↑ Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1990.
  20. 1 2 3 Norton 1988, p. 281.
  21. 1 2 Norton 1988, p. 280.

References

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