Moshe Gueron

Moshe Gueron

Moshe Gueron
Born (1926-03-20) March 20, 1926
Sofia, Bulgaria
Education Hebrew University of Jerusalem, University of Cincinnati, Soroka Medical Center, Hadassah Hospital Tel Aviv.
Known for Performing the first successful Cardiac catheterization in Israel.
First worldwide research about cardiovascular manifestations of severe scorpion sting.
Medical career
Profession Cardiologist and researcher
Institutions Soroka Medical Center
University of Cincinnati
Hadassah Hospital Tel Aviv
Donolo Hospital in Jaffa
Tel Hashomer Hospital
Specialism Cardiovascular diseases

Moshe Yitzhak Gueron (Hebrew: משה יצחק גרון‎‎; b. 20 March 1926) is an Israeli physician and researcher, innovator, scientist, medical educator, Professor of Cardiology at the Medical School for International Health at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, a pioneer in the field of Cardiology. He founded and managed the Division of Cardiology in the Soroka Medical Center for 30 years. His research and clinical works gained broad international recognition. Gueron played a central role in developing global medicine, and he is known for his work on the treatment of heart patients with cardiovascular manifestations of severe scorpion sting.[1][2][3] Gueron was a protege of the late Prof. Noble O. Fowler, who invited him in 1958 to a University of Cincinnati fellowship in Cardiology.[4]

Biography

Gueron was born in Sofia, Bulgaria to Bechora (née Castro) and Yitzhak Gueron. He attended a Catholic French college, but was sent to a transit camp by the Nazis in 1943. The Bulgarian government refused to permit the deportation of Bulgarian Jews, and by 1944, Prof. Gueron returned to Sofia and entered medical school at The University of Sofia. After Israel won independence in 1948, he emigrated from Bulgaria to Israel and lived in Jaffa with his parents.

In 1949 he joined the first medical school class of Hebrew University in Jerusalem. There he met his future colleagues and past friends from Bulgaria: Prof. Pascal Tiberin, founder of the Department of Neurosurgery at Soroka Medical Center, Prof. Menachem Hirsch, founder of the X-ray institute in Soroka Medical Center, Prof. Isaac (Izzy) Djerassi, a pioneer Philadelphia medical researcher and clinician in the fields of hematology and oncology,[5] and Prof. Joseph Rosenfeld, who later became Golda Meir and Zalman Shazar private doctor. Many of the graduates of the faculty of medicine at Hebrew University in Jerusalem were immigrants from Bulgaria. Gueron graduated summa cum laude in 1951.

After his graduation, Gueron started his fellowship in internal medicine at Hadassah Hospital Tel Aviv and a few months later he already served as senior internal doctor. In 1956, immediately after his graduation in internal medicine, Gueron came to the conclusion that there is no future for him in this practice. Equipped with this conclusion he left internal medicine and in 1958 he turned to specialize in cardiology. He arrived to America to the school of medicine in University of Cincinnati at the invitation of Prof. Noble O. Fowler, who was widely considered the father of modern Cardiology.[6] Fowler served as director of the division of cardiology in department of internal medicine of medicine college of University of Cincinnati from 1970 to 1986, and professor emeritus at the same institution from 1984 to the time of his death (March 8, 2003) from prostatic carcinoma.

During his fellowship, Gueron received a scholarship from the American Heart Association to finance his studies.

Upon completion of his fellowship in cardiology in Cincinnati in 1961, Gueron was doubting about his return to Israel. However, he returned to Israel in 1961 and started working at Tel Hashomer Hospital under Prof. Henry Neufeld, knowing that professional future in the country is shrouded in uncertainty and the idea of coming back to United States did not go away, but life circumstances and family pressure had force him to remain in Israel.

Moshe Soroka, general manager of Clalit Health Services and founder of the central hospital of the Negev, today Soroka Medical Center under his name, has received a recommendation from Prof. Aharon (Harry) Heller, director of the department of internal medicine at Tel Hashomer Hospital, today Sheba Medical Center, about Prof. Gueron excellence and enthusiasm, only one year from the beginning of Gueron and Heller joint work within the Heart Institute at Tel Hashomer Hospital. Prof. Heller urged Moshe Soroka to bring Gueron to live in Beersheba and work at Soroka Medical Center where Heller thought Gueron contribution will be of the greatest benefit.

Return to Israel

One year after his return to Israel in 1961, Gueron settled in Beersheba and received a job at Soroka Medical Center. Prof. Yosef Stern, Soroka's first director general has supported Gueron's idea to develop a department of cardiology at the hospital. Two months after his arrival, Prof. Gueron has already started to perform heart catheterization in patients. Gueron is known for performing the first successful heart catheterization in Israel.

Prof. Gueron began to engage in cardiac muscle-related events in patients on the advice of Prof. Wilhelmina Cohen, the then director and founder of Soroka's Pediatric Division, which while treating a young boy who was stung by a deathstalker, discovered symptoms of shock, ventricular arrhythmias and ventricular tachycardia. This issue has evolved into a large-scale, great depth research by Prof. Gueron and his team, who were the first in the field of medicine to have found that yellow scorpion venom evokes potent cardiovascular responses in humans.[7] Gueron's work, his treatments in patients and studies on severity of scorpion stings were published in the largest medical publications on a global scale.[8][9][10]

Prof. Gueron was the only cardiologist in Soroka Medical Center from his arrival to the hospital in 1962 to 1968 and the only cardiologist to provide with all the cardiology-related treatments, including interventional cardiology.

Medical career

Gueron's portrait in the Division of Cardiology at Soroka Medical Center.

Gueron was appointed Professor at Soroka Medical Center in 1967, and was involved in the development of the techniques of heart and heart-lung treatment.[11] Gueron is best known for a research he has managed regarding the treatment of scorpion evenomation and its affection on the human's heart.[12] During his 40 years research, thousands of stung patients were reviewed. Gueron's research has shown that thirty-four patients with severe scorpion sting were reviewed and pertinent data related to the cardiovascular system such as hypertension, peripheral vascular collapse, congestive heart failure or pulmonary edema were analyzed.[13] The electrocardiograms of 28 patients were reviewed, 14 patients showed "early myocardial infarction-like" pattern. The urinary catecholamine metabolites were investigated in 12 patients with scorpion sting. Vanylmandelic acid was elevated in seven patients and the total free epinephrine and norepinephrine in eight. Six of these 12 patients displayed the electrocardiographic "myocardial infarction-like" pattern. Nine patients died and the pathologic lesions of the myocardium were reviewed in seven.[14] The anticipated time line is within three years depending on successful animal trials. Gueron was described hypertension, pulmonary oedema with hypertension, hypotension, pulmonary oedema with hypotension and rhythm disturbances as five different syndromes that may dominate the clinical picture in scorpion sting victim. He suggested that all patients with cardiac symptoms should be admitted to an intensive cardiac unit. Gueron was questioned regarding the value of giving antivenin, and he replied that although is freely available, all cases of scorpion sting are treated without it, and there had not been a single fatality in 1989.[15] In 1990, he reported poor contractility with low ejection fraction, decreased systolic left ventricular performance, lowered fractional percentage shortening observed in echocardiographic and radionuclide angiographic study.[15] In fact, Gueron's research tended to prove the irrelevance of antivenin in patients with severe scorpion sting.

Retirement

Gueron (middle) sitting with sixth President of Israel Chaim Herzog and Prof. Shimon Glick (shown from his back) at the Soroka Medical Center, 1989

Gueron has been working in Soroka Medical Center between years 1962 to 1992 and has operated on more than 100,000 patients. Having retired from performing cardiology at the age of 67, he continues to act as a high profile consultant.[16] Gueron is recognized as a world leader in heart research who worked with other fellow physicians as Sir Magdi Yacoub, Michael E. DeBakey, C. Walton Lillehei, Michel Mirowski, Prof. Natalio Krystal, Prof. Bernardo Vidne, Joseph B. Borman among others.[17] Gueron treated world leaders including Boris Yeltsin, Miguel de la Madrid and Bill Clinton. His contributions to the field of medicine will have spanned the better part of 70 years, since he has published more than 300 full-length research papers in national and international journals. He remains much beloved by the legions of fellows he has trained and the colleagues with whom he has worked.

Personal life

Prof. Gueron is married to Sophie and together they have two children. Eliyahu, his brother, who immigrated to Israel in 1944 and was among the founders of Kibbutz Urim, fought in The War of Independence, and fell in 1948 Battles of the Separation Corridor.

Prof. Gueron was a close friend of Prof. Eliahu E. Lehmann, Prof. Galinus Hoda, minister Aharon Uzan and Israel's 6th Police Commissioner Haim Tavori.

In 1975, Prof. Gueron and a delegation of 12 physicians arrived in Iran in order to educate local physicians about their findings in relation to cardiovascular manifestations of severe scorpion sting. During that trip Gueron was a special guest of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi who later became his good friend.

References

  1. ↑ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/14996756_Scorpion_envenomation_and_antivenom_therapy
  2. ↑ https://books.google.co.il/books?id=nr8kLWdK9jUC&pg=PA5&lpg=PA5&dq=moshe+gueron+scorpion&source=bl&ots=XZ512ZaL_h&sig=k_R72zD6x861J2Ou0xqpac8xvLE&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjlv-LMivHMAhUIkRQKHd8wCqkQ6AEIJTAB#v=onepage&q=moshe%20gueron%20scorpion&f=false
  3. ↑ http://www.karger.com/Article/PDF/162209
  4. ↑ http://www.aucard.org/Memorials/Fowler.htm
  5. ↑ http://jewishexponent.com/isaac-djerassi,-pioneer-oncologist,-dies-at-86
  6. ↑ http://enquirer.com/editions/2003/03/15/loc_otherobit15.html
  7. ↑ https://books.google.co.il/books?id=nr8kLWdK9jUC&pg=PA5&lpg=PA5&dq=moshe+gueron+scorpion&source=bl&ots=XZ52b-dK1j&sig=b_7jNhjZjhmkQ2DPkybB-n6i3ws&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiXjpSKhqnNAhXIWRQKHSdTChIQ6AEIKzAC#v=onepage&q=moshe%20gueron%20scorpion&f=false
  8. ↑ https://www.karger.com/Article/Pdf/162209
  9. ↑ https://www.docphin.com/research/article-detail/4863618/PubMedID-19662674/Antivenom-for-children-with-neurotoxicity-from-scorpion-stings
  10. ↑ http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00223476/124
  11. ↑ http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/112209247/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0
  12. ↑ "Scorpion envenomation.". CHEST Journal. 100: 883b. doi:10.1378/chest.100.3.883b.
  13. ↑ http://chestjournal.chestpubs.org/content/57/2/156
  14. ↑ http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/361/6/631
  15. 1 2 Bawaskar, H. S. (1999-03-15). Scorpion Sting: Clinical Manifestations, Management and Literature. Sangam Books Ltd. ISBN 978-81-7154-718-0.
  16. ↑ Ilia, Reuben; Shimon Weizman; Moshe Gueron (1991). "Effects of rapid volume expansion on the right filling pressures after prosthetic valve surgery". Catheterization and Cardiovascular Diagnosis. 23 (3): 169–171. PMID 1868526. doi:10.1002/ccd.1810230304.
  17. ↑ http://www.biomedexperts.com/Profile.bme/503287/Moshe_Gueron

Publications

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