Rice flour

A box of sweet rice flour

Rice flour (also rice powder) is a form of flour made from finely milled rice. It is distinct from rice starch, which is usually produced by steeping rice in lye. Rice flour is a particularly good substitute for wheat flour, which causes irritation in the digestive systems of those who are gluten-intolerant. Rice flour is also used as a thickening agent in recipes that are refrigerated or frozen since it inhibits liquid separation.

Production

Rice flour may be made from either white rice or brown rice. To make the flour, the husk of rice or paddy is removed and raw rice is obtained, which is then ground to flour.

Types

In Japanese, rice flour is called komeko (米粉) and is available two forms: glutinous and non-glutinous.[1] The glutinous rice is also called sweet rice, but despite these names it is neither sweet nor does it contain gluten;[2] the word glutinous is used to describe the stickiness of the rice when it is cooked. The glutinous variety called mochigomeko (もち米粉, or mochiko for short) is produced from ground cooked glutinous rice (もち米, mochigome) and is used to create mochi or as a thickener for sauces.[3] Another variety called shiratamako (白玉粉) is produced from ground uncooked glutinous rice and is often used to produce confectioneries.[3] The non-glutinous variety called jōshinko (上新粉) is made from short-grain rice and is primarily used for creating confectioneries.[3]

Many dishes are made from rice flour, including rice noodles and desserts like Japanese mochi and Filipino cascaron. Vietnamese banh canh uses rice flour and it is also used in making General Tso's chicken. In Chinese, it is called mifen (Chinese: 米粉; pinyin: mǐ fěn), galapong in Ilokano/Filipino, and pirinç unu in Turkish.

Rice flour has a presence in South Indian cuisine too. Some of the examples include Dosa, Puttu, Golibaje (Mangalore bajji) and Kori Rotti. It is also mixed with wheat, millet, other cereal flours, and sometimes dried fruits or vegetables to make Manni, a kind of baby food..

It is a regular ingredient in Bangladeshi cuisine, Bengali cuisine and Assamese cuisine. It is used in making roti and desserts such as sandesh and pitha (Rice cakes or pancakes which are sometimes steamed, deep fried or pan fried and served along with grated coconut, sesame seeds, jaggery and chashni). It is also used in making Kheer (a common South Asian dessert).

Japanese rice bread
kokis
Kokis in Sri Lanka

In Sri Lanka, it uses to make many household food products. It is used in making food products such as Pittu, Appa (hoppers), Indi Appa (String hoppers) and sweets such as Kewum, Kokis, Athirasa and many more. Also it can be used in making bread and other bakery products.

mochi

Uses

Mushroom cultivation

Brown rice flour can be combined with vermiculite for use as a substrate for the cultivation of mushrooms. Hard cakes of colonised substrate can then be fruited in a humid container. This method is often (though not always) employed by growers of edible mushrooms, as it is a very simple and low-cost method of growing mushrooms.

hoppers
Sri Lankan Egg Hoppers
La Diaphane, Poudre de Riz, rice flour used as a cosmetic, endorsed by Sarah Bernhardt, at 32 Avenue de l'Opéra Paris[4]

References

  1. ↑ Hosking, Richard (1997). A Dictionary of Japanese Food. Tuttle Publishing. p. 191. ISBN 9780804820424. Retrieved Jan 29, 2013.
  2. ↑ Alden, Lori (1996). "Cook's Thesaurus: Rice". Lori Allen. Retrieved 2006-03-02.
  3. 1 2 3 辻静雄 (2006). Japanese Cooking: A Simple Art. Kodansha International. p. 70. ISBN 9784770030498. Retrieved Jan 29, 2013.
  4. ↑ 48°52′06″N 2°20′01″E / 48.8683421°N 2.3336035°E
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