Middlesbrough (UK Parliament constituency)

Middlesbrough
Borough constituency
for the House of Commons

Outline map

Boundary of Middlesbrough in Cleveland.

Outline map

Location of Cleveland within England.
County Cleveland
Electorate 65,851 (December 2010)[1]
Current constituency
Created 1974 (1974)
Member of parliament Andy McDonald (Labour)
Number of members One
Created from Middlesbrough East and Middlesbrough West
1868–1918
Number of members One
Type of constituency Borough constituency
Replaced by Middlesbrough East and Middlesbrough West
Created from North Riding of Yorkshire
Overlaps
European Parliament constituency North East England

Middlesbrough is a constituency[n 1] recreated in 1974 represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2012 by Andy McDonald from Labour.[n 2] An earlier version of the seat existed between 1868 and 1918.

History

First creation

Parliament created this seat under the Representation of the People Act 1867 for the general election the next year, however the population expanded so was split into east/west areas in 1918. From 1950 until 1974, given intervening expansion of suburbs across the country, the Metropolitan Borough of Thornaby closer to Stockton on Tees was included in the Middlesbrough West constituency. Thornaby was enveloped into Teeside County Borough from 1974 and has not been part of the associated seats otherwise.[2]

Second creation – current

The seat was recreated on similar boundaries to those which existed immediately before 1918.

Results of the winning party

The 2015 result made the seat the 36-safest of Labour's 232 seats by percentage of majority.[3]

Since its revival in 1974 Middlesbrough has elected the Labour Party's candidate as its MP.[n 3] In areas formerly in the Middlesbrough East contributor the MP has been Labour since 1950.[n 4]

Middlesbrough West took in rural and semi-rural areas outside the borough to the west and was a marginal seat passing three times between the two largest parties after World War II but a Liberal stronghold from 1918 until 1945; former soldier and iron and steel merchant Trevelyan Thomson ran unopposed at the polls for re-election in 1924.

Opposition parties

The 2012 by-election and 2015 general election saw UKIP finish second.[4] The Liberal Democrats fielded second-placed candidates in 2005 and 2010. The Conservatives last did so in 2001, having done so in all elections since the seat's revival. The Green Party outpolled the Liberal Democrats in 2015 in a field of five parties' candidates standing — the two parties failed to achieve 5% of votes cast leading them to forfeit their deposits.

Turnout

Turnout has ranged between 70.1% in 1987 and 48.8% in 2005.

Boundaries

1974–1983: The County Borough of Teesside wards of Berwick Hills, Marton, North Ormesby, St Hilda's, Thorntree, and Tollesby.

1983–1997: The Borough of Middlesbrough wards of Acklam, Beckfield, Beechwood, Berwick Hills, Gresham, Grove Hill, Kirby, Linthorpe, North Ormesby, Pallister, Park, St Hilda's, Southfield, Thorntree, and Westbourne.

1997–2010: The Borough of Middlesbrough wards of Acklam, Ayresome, Beckfield, Beechwood, Berwick Hills, Brookfield, Gresham, Grove Hill, Kader, Kirby, Linthorpe, North Ormesby, Pallister, Park, St Hilda's, Southfield, Thorntree, and Westbourne.

2010–present: The Borough of Middlesbrough wards of Acklam, Ayresome, Beckfield, Beechwood, Brookfield, Clairville, Gresham, Kader, Grove Hill, Linthorpe, Middlehaven, North Ormesby and Brambles Farm, Pallister, Park, Thorntree, and University.

The boundaries of the constituency are loosely based on the pre 1968 County Borough of Middlesbrough boundaries, which is now defined as the Borough (or Town) of Middlesbrough; the exclusions are its Easterside and Park End Wards, instead in Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland.

Constituency profile

The constituency is mostly the urban city itself, largely in the sunset of its once world-leading steel-making output, its adult population has mostly a low income with high unemployment, however with modern advanced engineering, design and tourism the city forms with nearby Redcar a bellwether for the North East region's economy firmly in the British forefront of a determined return to increasing national output.[5] In November 2012 male and female unemployment (based on the more up-to-date claimant statistics) placed Middlesbrough topmost of 29 constituencies in the region, well ahead for example the City of Durham at the bottom of the list, with just 3.4% claimants whereas this area had 9.4% claimants.[6]

In terms of housing stock, the authority is one of few authorities to see the proportion of detached and semi-detached homes increase (to 13.6% and 39.9%), in this instance this was coupled with a similar rise in flats to 11.9%, all at a loss to the share of terraced properties, down 4.7%.[7]

ToryBoy The Movie

ToryBoy The Movie is a British documentary feature film directed by and starring John Walsh. It follows Walsh as he becomes a political candidate for the Conservative Party in the north east England constituency of Middlesbrough. A staunch Labour Party supporter all his life, Walsh had become disillusioned with the party. When David Cameron opened the door to allow non-party members to run for the Conservative candidacy ahead of the 2010 General Election.[8] The claims made about Sir Stuart Bell became national news with some newspapers suggesting he may be "Britain's Laziest MP".[9] This led to further local investigation Neil Macfarlane a report for the Teesside Gazette asked "Are Teessiders getting enough from Sir Stuart Bell?" when he failed to answer over 100 telephone calls made to his consistency office, as outlined in the film.[10]

Members of Parliament

MPs 1868–1918

YearMember[11]Whip
1868 Henry William Ferdinand Bolckow Liberal
1878 Isaac Wilson Liberal
1892 Joseph Havelock Wilson Liberal
1900 Samuel Alexander Sadler Conservative
1906 Joseph Havelock Wilson Liberal
1910 Penry Williams Liberal
1918 constituency abolished

MPs since 1974

ElectionMember[11]Party
Feb 1974 Arthur Bottomley Labour
1983 Sir Stuart Bell Labour
2012 by-election Andy McDonald Labour

Elections

Elections in the 2010s

General Election 2017: Middlesbrough[12]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Andy McDonald 23,404 65.7 8.9 Increase
Conservative Jacob Young 9,531 26.7 10.3 Increase
UKIP David Hodgson 1,452 4.1 14.6 Decrease
Independent Terry Lawton 632 1.8 1.8 Increase
Liberal Democrat Dawud Islam 368 1.0 2.7 Decrease
Green Carl Martinez 250 0.7 3.6 Decrease
Majority 13,873 39.0 Increase 0.9
Turnout 35,367 58.3 +5.4
Labour hold Swing -0.7
General Election 2015: Middlesbrough[13]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Andy McDonald 18,584 56.8 +10.9
UKIP Nigel Baker 6,107 18.7 +15.0
Conservative Simon Clarke 5,388 16.5 -2.3
Green Hannah Graham 1,407 4.3 +4.3
Liberal Democrat Richard Kilpatrick 1,220 3.7 -16.2
Majority 12,477 38.1 Increase 12.1
Turnout 32,706 52.9 +1.5
Labour hold Swing -2.0
Middlesbrough by-election, 2012
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Andy McDonald 10,201 60.5 +14.6
UKIP Richard Elvin 1,990 11.8 +8.1
Liberal Democrat George Selmer 1,672 9.9 −10.0
Conservative Ben Houchen 1,063 6.3 −12.5
Peace Imdad Hussain 1,060 6.3 N/A
BNP Peter Foreman 328 1.9 −3.9
TUSC John Malcolm 277 1.6 N/A
Independent Mark Heslehurst 275 1.6 N/A
Majority 8,211 48.7 +22.7
Turnout 16,866
Labour hold Swing –
General Election 2010: Middlesbrough[14][15]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Stuart Bell 15,351 45.9 −11.7
Liberal Democrat Chris Foote-Wood 6,662 19.9 +1.2
Conservative John Walsh 6,283 18.8 +2.3
Independent Joan McTigue 1,969 5.9 +5.9
BNP Michael Ferguson 1,954 5.8 +3.3
UKIP Robert Parker 1,236 3.7 +1.3
Majority 8,689 26.0 Decrease 13.1
Turnout 33,455 51.4 +2.7
Labour hold Swing −6.4

Elections in the 2000s

General Election 2005: Middlesbrough[16]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Stuart Bell 18,562 57.8 −9.8
Liberal Democrat Joe Michna 5,995 18.7 +8.3
Conservative Caroline Flynn-Macleod 5,263 16.4 −2.7
BNP Ron Armes 819 2.5 N/A
UKIP Michael Landers 768 2.4 N/A
Independent Jackie Elder 503 1.6 N/A
Independent Derrick Arnott 230 0.7 N/A
Majority 12,567 39.1 Decrease 9.4
Turnout 32,140 48.8 −1.0
Labour hold Swing −9.0
General Election 2001: Middlesbrough[17]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Stuart Bell 22,783 67.6 −3.9
Conservative Alex Finn 6,453 19.1 +2.0
Liberal Democrat Keith Miller 3,512 10.4 +1.9
Socialist Alliance Geoffrey Kerr-Morgan 577 1.7 N/A
Socialist Labour Kai Andersen 392 1.2 N/A
Majority 16,330 48.5 Decrease 5.4
Turnout 33,717 49.8 −15.2
Labour hold Swing

Elections in the 1990s

General Election 1997: Middlesbrough[18]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Stuart Bell 32,925 71.43 +7.3
Conservative Liam Benham 7,907 17.15 −8.6
Liberal Democrat Alison Charlesworth 3,934 8.53 −1.7
Referendum Robert Edwards 1,331 2.89 N/A
Majority 25,018 54.27
Turnout 65.00
Labour hold Swing
General Election 1992: Middlesbrough[19][20]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Stuart Bell 26,343 64.1 +4.4
Conservative Paul R. Rayner 10,559 25.7 +0.7
Liberal Democrat Rosamund Jordan 4,201 10.2 −5.1
Majority 15,784 38.4 +3.7
Turnout 41,103 69.8 −1.1
Labour hold Swing +1.9

Elections in the 1980s

General Election 1987: Middlesbrough[21]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Stuart Bell 25,747 59.70
Conservative Robert Orr-Ewing 10,789 25.02
Liberal Philip Hawley 6,594 15.29
Majority 14,958 36.7
Turnout 70.95
Labour hold Swing
General Election 1983: Middlesbrough[22]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Stuart Bell 21,220 50.7
Conservative L.H. Campey 11,551 27.6
Liberal A.D. Sanders 8,871 21.2
Workers Revolutionary M.A. Simpson 207 0.5
Majority 9,669 23.1
Turnout 66.4
Labour hold Swing

Elections in the 1970s

General Election 1979: Middlesbrough
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Arthur Bottomley 24,872 56.2
Conservative C Fenwick 13,463 30.4
Liberal Peter Freitag 4,023 9.1
Workers Revolutionary M Simpson 1,018 2.3
Independent Labour J Wilcox 861 2.0
Majority 11,409 25.8
Turnout 67.9
Labour hold Swing
General Election October 1974: Middlesbrough
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Arthur Bottomley 22,791 61.8
Conservative Edward Leigh 8,984 24.4
Liberal Chris Foote Wood 5,080 13.8
Majority 13,807 37.5
Turnout 61.2
Labour hold Swing
General Election February 1974: Middlesbrough
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Arthur Bottomley 27,324 66.3 N/A
Conservative Geoffrey Dickens 13,915 33.7 N/A
Majority 13,409 32.5 N/A
Turnout 41,239 69.4 N/A
Labour win (new seat)

General Election 1914/15:

A General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;

Williams
General Election December 1910: Middlesbrough [23][24]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Penry Williams 10,313
Conservative Thomas Gibson Poole 6,568
Majority
Turnout
Liberal hold Swing
Walls
General Election January 1910: Middlesbrough [23][25]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Penry Williams 9,670
Conservative Arthur Charles Dorman 6,756
Ind. Labour Party Patrick Walls 2,710
Majority
Turnout
Liberal hold Swing

Elections in the 1900s

Wilson
General Election 1906: Middlesbrough [23][26]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Lib-Lab Havelock Wilson 9,271 52.6 +2.8
Conservative Samuel Sadler 6,864 39.0 -11.3
Independent Socialist George Lansbury 1,484 8.4 n/a
Majority 2,407 13.6 14.0
Turnout 86.7
Lib-Lab gain from Conservative Swing +7.0
Sadler
General Election 1900: Middlesbrough [23][26][27]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Conservative Samuel Sadler 6,760
Lib-Lab Havelock Wilson 6,705
Majority 55
Turnout
Conservative gain from Lib-Lab Swing

Elections in the 1890s

Wilson
General Election 1895: Middlesbrough [23][26][28]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Lib-Lab Havelock Wilson 6,755
Conservative Samuel Sadler 4,735
Majority 2,020
Turnout
Lib-Lab hold Swing
Robson
General Election 1892: Middlesbrough [23][26]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Independent Labour Havelock Wilson 4,691 n/a
Liberal William Robson 4,062 n/a
Liberal Unionist Hugh Bell 3,333 n/a
Majority 629 n/a
Turnout n/a
Independent Labour gain from Liberal Swing n/a

Elections in the 1880s

General Election 1886: Middlesbrough [23][26]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Isaac Wilson Unopposed n/a n/a
Liberal hold Swing n/a
Dixon
General Election 1885: Middlesbrough [23][26][29]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Isaac Wilson 6,961 63.3 +1.6
Conservative Raylton Dixon 4,035 36.7 +14.5
Majority 2,926 26.6 −12.9
Turnout 10,996 79.3
Liberal hold Swing
General Election 1880: Middlesbrough
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Isaac Wilson 4,515 61.7 −7.0
Conservative Samuel Sadler 1,626 22.2 −9.1
Lib-Lab E. D. Lewis 1,171 16.0 N/A
Majority 2,889 39.5
Turnout 7,312 68.7
Liberal hold Swing

Elections in the 1870s

By-election 5 July 1878: Middlesbrough
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Isaac Wilson 5,307 68.7 +9.3
Conservative Samuel Sadler 2,415 31.3 +15.4
Majority 2,902 37.6
Turnout 7,722 65.3 N/A
Liberal hold Swing
General Election 1874: Middlesbrough
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Henry Bolckow 3,719 59.4 N/A
Lib-Lab John Kane 1,541 19.1 N/A
Conservative W. R. J. Hopkins 996 15.9 N/A
Majority 2,178 34.8 N/A
Turnout 6,256 70.6 N/A
Liberal hold Swing

Elections in the 1860s

General Election 1868: Middlesbrough
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Henry Bolckow Unopposed
Liberal hold Swing

See also

Notes and references

Notes
  1. ↑ A borough constituency (for the purposes of election expenses and type of returning officer)
  2. ↑ As with all constituencies, the constituency elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election at least every five years.
  3. ↑ Middlesbrough was revived for the February 1974 general election
  4. ↑ Middlesbrough East contributed more than half of its former area to the modern boundaries (as variously drawn after 1974)
References
  1. ↑ "Electorate Figures – Boundary Commission for England". 2011 Electorate Figures. Boundary Commission for England. 4 March 2011. Archived from the original on 6 November 2010. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
  2. ↑ Thornaby MB – units covering this place A Vision of Britain history website; University of Portsmouth and others. Retrieved 2017-04-17
  3. ↑ List of Labour MPs elected in 2015 by % majority UK Political.info. Retrieved 2017-01-29
  4. ↑ General Election Results from the Electoral Commission
  5. ↑ Constituency Profile The Guardian
  6. ↑ Unemployment statistics The Guardian
  7. ↑ 2011 census interactive maps Archived 29 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine.
  8. ↑ http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/conservative/5377839/David-Cameron-to-open-up-candidate-list-to-everyone.html
  9. ↑ http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/no-surgeries-for-14-years--is-sir-stuart-bell-britains-laziest-mp-2350953.html
  10. ↑ http://www.gazettelive.co.uk/news/local-news/teessiders-getting-enough-sir-stuart-3693031
  11. 1 2 Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "M" (part 2)
  12. ↑ http://www.gazettelive.co.uk/news/teesside-news/teesside-general-election-candidates-13024295. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  13. ↑ "Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  14. ↑ "Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  15. ↑ "UK > England > North East > Middlesbrough". Election 2010. BBC. 7 May 2010. Retrieved 10 May 2010.
  16. ↑ "Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  17. ↑ "Election Data 2001". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  18. ↑ "Election Data 1997". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  19. ↑ "Election Data 1992". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  20. ↑ "Politics Resources". Election 1992. Politics Resources. 9 April 1992. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
  21. ↑ "Election Data 1987". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  22. ↑ "Election Data 1983". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  23. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 British Parliamentary Election Results 1885–1918, FWS Craig
  24. ↑ Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1916
  25. ↑ Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1916
  26. 1 2 3 4 5 6 The Liberal Year Book, 1907
  27. ↑ Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1901
  28. ↑ Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1901
  29. ↑ Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1886

Sources

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