MetroCard (New York City)

MetroCard
Location New York City
Launched 1993-1994
Technology
Operator Metropolitan Transit Authority
Manager MTA
Currency USD (Varies[lower-alpha 1] maximum load)
Stored-value Pay-Per-Ride
Auto recharge EasyPayXPress
Unlimited use Unlimited Ride
Validity
Retailed
Variants
  • SingleRide
    Reduced-Fare
    Student
Website http://web.mta.info/metrocard

The MetroCard is the payment method for the New York City Subway; New York City Transit buses, including routes operated by Atlantic Express under contract to the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA), MTA Bus, and Nassau Inter-County Express systems (NICE); PATH; the Roosevelt Island Tramway; AirTrain JFK; and Westchester County's Bee-Line Bus System. It is a thin, plastic card on which the customer electronically loads fares. It was introduced to enhance the technology of the transit system and eliminate the burden of carrying and collecting tokens. The MTA discontinued the use of tokens in the subway on May 3, 2003,[2] and on buses on December 31, 2003. The MetroCard is managed by a division of the MTA known as Revenue Control, MetroCard Sales, which is part of the Office of the Executive Vice President. The MetroCard Vending Machines are manufactured by Cubic Transportation Systems, Inc.[3]

History

On October 30, 1992, the installation of Automated Fare Collection turnstiles began.[4]

On June 1, 1993, MTA distributed 3,000 MetroCards in the first major test of the technology for the entire subway system and the entire bus system.[5] Less than a year later, on January 6, 1994, MetroCard-compatible turnstiles opened at Wall Street on the IRT Lexington Avenue Line (4 5 trains) and Whitehall Street – South Ferry on the BMT Broadway Line (N R W trains).[4] All MetroCard turnstiles were installed by May 14, 1997, when the entire bus and subway system accepted MetroCard.[4]

On September 28, 1995, buses on Staten Island started accepting MetroCard, and by the end of 1995, MetroCard was accepted on all New York City Transit buses.[4]

Before 1997, the MetroCard design was blue with yellow lettering. These blue cards are now collector's items.[6] On July 4, 1997, the first free transfers were made available between bus and subway at any location with MetroCard. This program was originally billed as "MetroCard Gold". Card colors changed to the current blue lettering on goldenrod background.[4] On January 1, 1998, bonus free rides (10% of the purchase amount) were given for purchases of $15 or more.[4] On July 4, six months later, 7-Day and 30-Day Unlimited Ride MetroCards were introduced, at $17 and $63 respectively.[4] A 30-day "Express Bus Plus" MetroCard, allowing unlimited rides on express buses in addition to local buses and the subway, was also introduced at $120.[7] The 1-Day Fun Pass was introduced on January 1, 1999, at a cost of $4.[4]

The first MetroCard Vending Machines (MVMs) were installed on January 25, 1999 in two stations,[8] and by the end of 1999 347 MVMs were in service at 74 stations.[4] On April 13, 2003, tokens were no longer sold.[9] Starting May 4, 2003, tokens were no longer accepted, except on buses. Since the fares were increased from $1.50 to $2.00, bonus free ride amount was increased to 20% of the purchase amount for purchases of $10 or more; tokens were no longer accepted (except for a six-month transition period on buses where they were accepted for $1.50 credit towards the $2 ride). The 1-day unlimited-ride fare increased from $4 to $7, the 7-day unlimited-ride fare increased from $17 to $21, and the 30-Day MetroCard increased from $63 to $70. The 30-day Express Bus Plus was replaced with a 7-day Express Bus Plus card at $33.[10][11][11][11][12]

On February 27, 2005, the 7-day unlimited-ride fare increased from $21 to $24, the 7-day "Express Bus Plus" unlimited-ride fare increased from $33 to $41, and the 30-Day MetroCard increased from $70 to $76.[13][14][15] On March 2, 2008, another set of fare increases was implemented. The 1-day unlimited-ride fare increased from $7 to $7.50, the 7-day unlimited-ride fare increased from $24 to $25, a new 14-day unlimited-ride was introduced that cost $47, and the 30-Day MetroCard increased from $76 to $81. Bonus free ride amount reduced to 15% for purchases of $7 or more.[16][16] On June 28, 2009, fares were increased from $2 to $2.25, with the bonus going to 15% for every $8. Unlimited cards rose to $8.25 (1-day), $27 (7-day), $45 (7-day express bus), $51.50 (14-day) and $89 (30-day). On December 30, 2010, the bonus value for Pay-Per-Ride decreased to 7% for every $10, and the 1-Day Fun Pass and the 14-Day Unlimited Ride were discontinued altogether. The 7-Day Unlimited Ride increased to $29, the 7-Day Express Bus Plus increased to $50, and the 30-Day Unlimited Ride increased to $104.[17]

As a result of Hurricane Sandy, as of October 2012 to the present, three free transfers were offered on the MetroCard:

On December 19, 2012 - The MTA voted for the following fare increases:

Starting February 20, 2013, people are able to refill cards with both time and value, so that when a MetroCard is filled with both an unlimited card and fare value, the unlimited ride portion is used first where applicable. If not started already, the unlimited ride period would begin when the card is next used, and when the unlimited period expires, the regular fare would be charged. On March 3, 2013, a $1 fee was imposed on new card purchases in-system. However, MetroCards purchased through the Extended Sales retail network carry no new card fee.

On March 22, 2015, the MTA voted for the following fare increases:

On March 19, 2017, the following fare increases went into place:

Technology

An obsolete New York City Subway token.

During a swipe, the MetroCard is read, re-written to, then check-read to verify correct encoding.[20]

Select Bus Service pay shelter for pre-payment of fare before boarding Select Bus Service buses.

Each MetroCard stored value card is assigned a unique, permanent ten-digit serial number when it is manufactured. The value is stored magnetically on the card itself, while the card's transaction history is held centrally in the Automated Fare Collection (AFC) Database. When a card is purchased and fares are loaded onto it, the MetroCard Vending Machine or station agent's computer stores the amount of the purchase onto the card and updates the database, identifying the card by its serial number. Whenever the card is swiped at a turnstile, the value of the card is read, the new value is written, the customer is let through, and then the central database is updated with the new transaction as soon as possible. Cards are not validated in real time against the database when swiped to pay the fare. The AFC Database is necessary to maintain transaction records to track a card if needed. It has actually been used to acquit criminal suspects[21] by placing them away from the scene of a crime. The database also stores a list of MetroCards that have been invalidated for various reasons (such as lost or stolen student or unlimited monthly cards), and it distributes the list to turnstiles in order to deny access to a revoked card.

The older blue MetroCards were not capable of the many kinds of fare options that the gold ones currently offer. The format of the magnetic stripe used by the blue MetroCard offered very little other than the standard pay-per-swipe fare. Also, gold MetroCards allow groups of people (up to four) to ride together using a single pay-per-swipe MetroCard. The gold MetroCard keeps track of the number of swipes at a location in order to allow those same number of people to transfer at a subsequent location, if applicable. The MetroCard system was designed to ensure backward compatibility, which allowed a smooth transition from the blue format to gold.[22]

Cubic later used the proprietary MetroCard platform to create the Chicago Card and Tren Urbano's fare card, which are physically identical to the MetroCard except for the labeling.

Card types

SingleRide Ticket

The SingleRide Ticket (introduced to replace subway tokens and single cash fares) is a piece of paper with a magnetic strip on the front, and with the date and time of purchase stamped on the back.

SingleRide Tickets are not frequently used, having been used by only 3% of subway riders in 2009.[24]

Although the Pay-Per-Ride MetroCard is accepted on PATH, the regular SingleRide ticket is not. However, a PATH SingleRide ticket is available from MVMs in PATH stations for $2.75, valid for 2 hours and only on PATH.[25]

Pay-Per-Ride MetroCard

Accepted on:

However, PATH does not accept reduced fare MetroCard.[25]

EasyPayXPress MetroCard

JFK Airport AirTrain Discount MetroCard

Unlimited MetroCard

Accepted at:

Student MetroCard

Students who receive a student MetroCard must live:

Accepted at:

Senior Reduced-Fare MetroCard (Male & Female) (Back)
Disability Reduced-Fare MetroCard (Male & Female) (Back)
NYPD and FDNY MetroCards

Disabled/Senior Citizen Reduced-Fare MetroCard

Senior citizen MetroCards are received via application[38] and act as a combination photo ID and MetroCard.

This type of card is accepted at everywhere the Pay-Per-Ride or time-based MetroCard is valid at, with two exceptions: it is not valid on the PATH, and it is not valid for ticket purchase on New York City-bound LIRR and Metro-North trains in the morning.

Reduced-Fare MetroCards (in any variety) are not accepted at PATH stations. Reduced fare customers who do not have a MetroCard may purchase a full-fare round trip MetroCard from a subway station agent by presenting proof of eligibility.

This type of card caused complaints because it took up to three months to replace.[39]

Emergency Services

Carried by police officers, firefighters, and emergency medical personnel while on duty so they can access the subway system during an emergency.[40][41]

Fare types

Fares

All fare payments must be made using MetroCard or coins (dollar bills and half-dollar coins are not accepted for fare payment on any buses that accept MetroCard, nor in fare payment stations for Select Bus Service buses).[42]

Base fares

All fares are in US dollars.

MTA Bus/NYC Bus: Local, Limited-Stop, Select Bus Service,
Bee-Line (except BxM4C bus), NICE, PATH
NYC Subway, SIR, Roosevelt Island Tramway		 Express buses
(MTA and
Academy bus X23/X24)		 BxM4C bus[31] Student MetroCard[43] AirTrain JFK[44] Access-A-Ride
(NYC paratransit)		 Able-Ride[45]
(Nassau County
paratransit)
Full Reduced Full Reduced
(off-peak)		 Full Reduced
(off-peak)		 Full Half-
fare		 NICE[45]
$2.75[46]
  • $3.00 for a Single-Ride MetroCard ticket[46]
 $1.25[46] $6.50 [46] $3.25 [46] $7.50 $3.75 Free $1.35 $2.10 $5 $2.75 $3.75

($75 for a book of 20 tickets)

Notes:
  • Customers transferring to suburban buses from another system with a lower base fare must pay the difference between the fare on the first bus and the fare on the second bus.
  • PATH does not accept reduced fare MetroCard.[25]
  • Peak travel periods for express buses are 06:00–10:00 A.M. and 3:00–7:00 P.M. weekdays except holidays.[47]
  • Staten Island Railway fares are only collected at St. George and Tompkinsville stations (in both directions).[26]
  • Student MetroCards (issued by the New York City Office of Pupil Transportation) are valid only for travel on NYC Bus, MTA Bus and NYC Subway within the City of New York in hours between 5:30 am until 8:30pm on school days.
    • Full fare Student MetroCard can travel free for three or four trips.
    • Half-fare Student MetroCard have to pay half of full fare price, travel only on local, limited-stop and Select Bus Service bus routes only.
    • Subject to additional terms, conditions and restrictions on use.[43]
  • MetroCard transfers are good for one connecting trip on any other NYC Bus/MTA Bus: local, limited-stops, Select Bus Service or express bus services; NYC Subway, Bee-Line, NICE or Roosevelt Island Tramway (restrictions apply), provided that such transfers are made within a two-hour time slot.[30][48][49] There are, however, several double transfers that are accepted. See below for accepted double transfers.

Unlimited MetroCard fares

All fares are in US dollars. There is a $1 purchase fee for all new MetroCard purchases within the subway system or at railroad stations (except for expiring or damaged MetroCards or MetroCards bought as part of a UniTicket).[50]

7-Day Unlimited[51] 30-Day Unlimited[52] 7-Day Express Bus Plus[53] 10-Trip AirTrain JFK[44][54] 30-Day AirTrain JFK[44][54]
Full fare
$32
$121
$59.50
$25
$40
Reduced fare
$16
$60.50
Notes:
  • The 7 Day Express Bus Plus MetroCard is the only Unlimited-Ride MetroCard accepted on Atlantic Express routes X23/X24 and MTA express buses.
  • The 30-Day AirTrain JFK MetroCard is the only Unlimited-Ride MetroCard accepted on AirTrain JFK. This MetroCard is not valid on any other services.
  • No Unlimited MetroCards are accepted on the BxM4C and PATH trains.[31][25]

Transfers

All transfers with MetroCard are free from bus to subway, local bus to local bus, and subway to local bus. For transfers to express buses from local buses (except for the BxM4C), an additional US$3.50 is deducted from a Pay-Per-Ride MetroCard.[55] With coins, transfers are available to different local buses only, with some restrictions. All transfers are good for two hours. Transfers are available upon request when boarding only.[30][48][49]

There are no transfers to the BxM4C.[31] There are also no free transfers to or from PATH.[25]

SingleRide tickets are valid for one ride within two hours after purchase on local buses and the subway. One bus to bus transfer is allowed, no subway-bus or bus-subway transfer is allowed.

On the Select Bus Service routes except S79: customers paying with coins requiring a transfer must board via the front door and request a transfer from the operator. All other customers may board via any of the three doors on Select Bus Service buses only.[56]

Bee-Line customers needing to transfer to Connecticut Transit (I-Bus and route 11),[57] Transport of Rockland (Tappan ZEExpress),[58] Putnam Transit (PART 2),[59] or Housatonic Area Regional Transit (Ridgefield-Katonah Shuttle)[60] services must ask for a transfer, even if paying with MetroCard. The BxM4C does not accept paper or MetroCard transfers, but it does issue transfers to/from other buses and the subway.[31]

NICE customers needing to transfer to City of Long Beach N69, Suffolk County Transit, or Huntington Area Rapid Transit[61] services must ask for a transfer, even if paying with MetroCard.

MetroCard Bus Transfer

The MetroCard Bus Transfer is issued upon request to passengers who pay cash fares on buses accepting MetroCard. The transfer is inserted into the fare box on the second bus, which retains it. Westchester Bee Line bus system and Nassau Inter-County Express and MTA New York City Transit bus is free to transfer from one bus to another bus that is accepted with MetroCard. The bus transfer is paper like the SingleRide Metrocard. This transfer does not grant cash customers subway access.

For suburban transfers, if the fare paid to get the transfer is less than that required on the second bus, the difference must be paid on boarding. For transfers from NICE to New York City Transit, no step up fee is required.

The predecessor to the MetroCard bus transfer was the original bus transfer. These paper tickets allowed bus to bus transfers. Available in pads of several different colors for use at different times, boroughs or directions, they would be torn at a certain time-marked line to indicate when the transfer would expire. A version of this still exists today as the "General Order Transfer" (aka "block ticket") which is provided to customers as they leave the subway system during service disruptions to re-enter the system at another point (often via a shuttle bus).

Transfer restrictions

There are restrictions on transfers, as noted below:

Subway

There are no out-of-system subway-to-subway transfers allowed (i.e. exiting the turnstile and entering again; see also Shanghai Metro variant), with the exception of a transfer between Lexington Avenue / 59th Street on the IRT Lexington Avenue and BMT Broadway Lines and Lexington Avenue / 63rd Street on the IND 63rd Street Line.[62] Until 2011, an extra out-of-system subway-to-subway transfer was allowed between 23rd Street – Ely Avenue/Long Island City – Court Square on the IND Queens Boulevard and Crosstown Lines and 45th Road – Court House Square on the IRT Flushing Line. This transfer was eliminated in 2011 with the opening of an in-system transfer passageway between the three stations.

Additional exceptions may be added on a case by case basis, usually due to construction making a regular transfer unavailable.

Bus

For Pay-per-Ride customers, there is no free transfer back onto the same route on which the fare was initially paid, or between the following buses:[63]

Subway-to-bus

There are no subway-to-bus or bus-to-subway transfers without a MetroCard allowed, with one exception:

Purchase options

All new MetroCard purchases are charged a $1 fee, except reduced fare customers and those exchanging damaged / expired cards.

Subway station booths

Booths are located in all subway stations and are staffed by station agents. Every type of MetroCard can be purchased at a booth with the exception of the SingleRide ticket (purchased at the MetroCard Vending Machine), and MetroCards specific to other transit systems (PATH, AirTrain JFK). All transactions must be in cash.[64]

MetroCard vending machines

MetroCard Vending Machine

MetroCard Vending Machines (MVMs) are machines located in all subway stations, all PATH stations (with the added ability to reload SmartLink cards), the Staten Island Ferry terminals, the Roosevelt Island Tramway stations, the Hempstead Transit Center, Eltingville Transit Center,and the Central Terminal at LaGuardia Airport. They debuted on January 25, 1999 and are now found in two models. Standard MVMs are large vending machines that accept cash, credit cards, and debit cards and are in every subway station. Cash transactions are required for purchases of less than $1, and they can return up to $8 in coin change. There are also smaller versions of these machines, known as MetroCard Express Machines (MEMs), that only accept credit and ATM/debit cards.[65][66][67] Both machines allow a customer to purchase any type of MetroCard through a touch screen. MVMs can also reload previously-issued MetroCards. PATH fare vending machines can also dispense MetroCards.

The machines are compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 through use of braille and a headset jack. Audible commands for each menu item are provided once a headset is connected and the proper sequence is keyed through the keypad. All non-visual commands are then entered via the keypad instead of the touch screen.

MetroCard bus and van

MetroCard bus
A MetroCard sales van

A number of MetroCard sales vans and a MetroCard bus (a retired bus converted for sales duty) routinely travel to specific locations in New York City and Westchester County, stopping for a day (or half a day) at the announced locations. MetroCards can be purchased or refilled directly from these vehicles. Reduced-fare MetroCard applications can also be processed on the bus, including taking photographs for these cards.

The MetroCard van serves all five boroughs and Westchester County, while the MetroCard bus serves Manhattan, the Bronx, Queens, and parts of Brooklyn.[68]

Neighborhood MetroCard merchants

Vendors can apply to sell MTA fare media at their business. Only presealed, prevalued cards are available, and no fee is charged. A comprehensive listing can be found on the MTA website.[69][70]

Commuter railroad ticket vending machines

Commuter railroad ticket vending machines (TVM) for the Long Island Rail Road and Metro-North Railroad offer the option to purchase combined tickets/passes and MetroCards. A $5.50 MetroCard is available with a round-trip ticket, and a $50 MetroCard is available with a monthly pass. In addition, the machines sell separate $25 MetroCards. TVMs at Jamaica Station and Penn Station sell AirTrain monthly passes on the back of LIRR tickets. All cards sold from these machines are on thick paper stock, not the normal plastic.

Beginning in 2007 with the start of service on the S89 bus, a combined HBLR monthly pass and monthly MetroCard is available at NJ Transit ticket vending machines at HBLR stations.

Future

In 2006, the MTA and Port Authority announced plans to replace the magnetic strip with smart cards.

On July 1, 2006, MTA launched a six-month pilot program to test the new "contact-less" smart card fare collection system, initially ending on December 31, 2006 but extended until May 31, 2007.[71] This program was tested at all stations on the IRT Lexington Avenue Line and at four stations in the Bronx, Brooklyn and Queens. The testing system utilized Citibank MasterCard's Paypass keytags.[72] This smart card system is intended to ease congestion near the fare control area by reducing time spent paying for fare. MTA and other transportation authorities in the region say they will eventually implement system-wide.[73][74]

In April 2016, MTA solicited proposals for a "New Fare Payment System". The system, which will first be implemented on the Select Bus Service, will be a contactless system involving bank cards, smartphones, and/or MTA-issued smart cards. MTA expects to spend at least $419 million over six years to roll out the system, with the MetroCard being retired by 2022.[75][76]

Unauthorized resale and scams

The MetroCard system is susceptible to various types of unauthorized resale. At times, this may involve individuals charging to swipe another commuter into the subway system. Usually these frauds involve the person preventing or dissuading the commuter from using his or her own MetroCard, and then charging the commuter for entry to the system (entry is gained by a method that costs the individual nothing). The individual can use an array of unlimited cards, selling rides for a discounted price. Multiple cards are needed because of the 18-minute delay between each swipe at the same station. Using unlimited cards, one is able to sell rides for a discounted price. In addition, MetroCard Vending Machines are programmed to disable the bill or coin acceptor after a series of rejected bills or coins, which can result in a row of MVMs all saying "No Bills" or "No Coins".[77]

A report from New York State Senator Martin J. Golden claims these behaviors cost the MTA $260,000 a year.[78]

All aspects of this scam have been recently prohibited by MTA policy and a New York State law.[79] It is now a crime to:

The introduction of MetroCards did eliminate one class of unauthorized resale. When the NYC subway still used tokens, token suckers would steal tokens by jamming turnstile coin slots, waiting for other passengers to deposit tokens (only to discover that the turnstile did not work), then returning to suck out the token. Token-sucking ended with the retirement of tokens in 2003.

The MetroCard does have a magnetic stripe, but both the track offsets and the encoding differ from standard Magstripe cards. It is a proprietary format developed by the contractor Cubic. Off-the-shelf reader/writers for the standard cards are useless, and even hypothetically could work only with both physical and software modification. Some have had partial success decoding it using audio tape recorder heads, laptop sound cards, and custom Linux software.[80]

Notes

  1. ↑ For unlimited-ride cards, one can make a theoretically infinite number of trips, so there is no credit limit. For pay-per-ride cards, the maximum initial amount is $80.[1]

References

  1. ↑ http://web.mta.info/metrocard/mcCombinationValue.htm
  2. ↑ "Fare Change Information 2003". thejoekorner.com. New York City Transit. 2003. Retrieved June 9, 2016.
  3. ↑ "Cubic Transportation Systems". cubic.com.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "About NYC Transit - History". October 19, 2002. Archived from the original on October 19, 2002. Retrieved September 18, 2016.
  5. ↑ Faison, Seth (June 2, 1993). "3,000 Subway Riders, Cards in Hand, Test New Fare System". The New York Times. Retrieved April 25, 2010.
  6. ↑ Mallozzi, Vincent M. (August 30, 2008). "On MetroCards’ Flip Side, Art Exhibits That Catch Collectors’ Eyes". The New York Times. Retrieved January 26, 2010.
  7. ↑ Newman, Andy (July 3, 1998). "Hop On, Hop Off: The Unlimited Metrocard Arrives". The New York Times. Retrieved April 25, 2010.
  8. ↑ Williams, Monte (January 26, 1999). "Metrocard Machines' Subway Debut". The New York Times. Retrieved April 25, 2010.
  9. ↑ Markowitz, Michael (April 28, 2003). "NYC Subway Token, 1953-2003". Gotham Gazette. New York. Archived from the original on April 27, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2010.
  10. ↑ Smith, Jesse J. (January 19, 2003). "Commuters could face 33% fare hike". The Daily Freeman. Kingston. Archived from the original on June 20, 2008.
  11. 1 2 3 Kennedy, Randy (March 6, 2003). "The Transit Increases: Overview; Transit Authority Seeks an Increase in Fares and Tolls". The New York Times. Retrieved April 25, 2010.
  12. ↑ Smith, Jesse J. (January 19, 2003). "Commuters could face 33% fare hike". The Daily Freeman. Kingston. Archived from the original on June 20, 2008.
  13. ↑ "MTA Hikes Some MetroCard Fares". Columbia Daily Spectator. January 18, 2005.
  14. ↑ Chan, Sewell; Farmer, Ann (February 28, 2005). "Facing the Pain Of Rising Fares, And Riding On". The New York Times. Retrieved April 25, 2010.
  15. ↑ "New Fare Information - Effective February 27, 2005". New York City Transit. Retrieved April 25, 2010.
  16. 1 2 "Fares & MetroCard". New York City Transit. Retrieved March 3, 2008.
  17. ↑ Glickel, Jennifer; Mandell, Nina (October 7, 2010). "MTA Votes Yes on Fare Hikes". DNAinfo.com New York. Retrieved February 11, 2013.
  18. 1 2 3 http://web.mta.info/nyct/service/rebuildingtheRockaways.htm "Rebuilding the Rockaways After Hurricane Sandy: Current Service", MTA.info
  19. 1 2 3 4 5 FLEGENHEIMER, MATT (December 19, 2013). "Increase in Base Subway Fare and 30-Day Pass Is Approved". The New York Times. Retrieved January 16, 2013.
  20. ↑ Riazi, Atefeh. MetroCard: Automating New York City’s Public Transit System. Proceedings of the First International Conference on Urban Transportation Systems, American Society of Civil Engineers, Miami, Fla. (March 21–25, 1999).
  21. ↑ Weiser, Benjamin (December 31, 2008). "Murder Case Dropped After MetroCard Verifies Alibi". The New York Times. Retrieved April 25, 2010.
  22. ↑ Pierre-Pierre, Garry (February 21, 1997). "205 More Buses Ordered To Handle Free Transfers". The New York Times. Retrieved April 25, 2010.
  23. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "mta.info - MetroCard: Fares at A Glance". mta.info.
  24. ↑ https://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/27/nyregion/27single.html
  25. 1 2 3 4 5 6 http://www.panynj.gov/path/fares.html Path fares
  26. 1 2 http://web.mta.info/nyct/sir/sirfare.htm "MTA Staten Island Railway Fare and Transfer Information", MTA.info
  27. 1 2 3 http://web.mta.info/nyct/bus/schedule/bkln/b062cur.pdf#page%2011 B62 schedule page 11, MTA.info
  28. ↑ http://new.mta.info/news/2012/12/13/free-transfer-staten-island-veterans "Free Transfer for Staten Island Veterans", December 13, 2013, MTA.info
  29. ↑ http://web.mta.info/nyct/service/servChanges_Q33_Q70_Q72.htm Q33 transfers, MTA.info
  30. 1 2 3 http://web.mta.info/nyct/bus/howto_bus.htm "How to Ride the Bus", under 'Making Connections', MTA.info
  31. 1 2 3 4 5 6 http://transportation.westchestergov.com/images/stories/Schedules/Rte_BxM4C_TT_Spr13.pdf%5B%5D BxM4C schedule notes (page 2)
  32. ↑ "Problem with MetroCard?". Retrieved May 21, 2011.
  33. ↑ "Has your MetroCard expired?". Retrieved May 21, 2011.
  34. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on January 25, 2007. Retrieved 2007-01-31.
  35. 1 2 3 http://www.panynj.gov/airports/jfk-cost-tickets.html
  36. ↑ "Insurance for 30-Day MetroCard". New York City Transit.
  37. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 http://schools.nyc.gov/Offices/Transportation/ServicesandEligibility/StudentMetroCards/default.htm
  38. ↑ http://web.mta.info/nyct/fare/pdf/seniors.pdf
  39. ↑ http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/fare-level-anxiety-senior-metrocards-chore-article-1.1073326
  40. ↑ "Sean's NYPD metro card". Flickr. Retrieved September 29, 2016.
  41. ↑ "Free MetroCards for cops barely used, though free student passes may go". Retrieved September 29, 2016.
  42. ↑ "MTA/New York City Transit - Fares and MetroCard". mta.info.
  43. 1 2 http://schools.nyc.gov/Offices/Transportation/ServicesandEligibility/BusTransportation/default.htm NYC Department of Education, Student MetroCards page
  44. 1 2 3 "Cost and Tickets". panynj.gov.
  45. 1 2 "Fares & Passes". nicebus.com.
  46. 1 2 3 4 5 "MTA/New York City Transit - Fares and MetroCard". mta.info.
  47. ↑ http://web.mta.info/nyct/fare/rfindex.htm "Reduced-Fare" information, MTA.info
  48. 1 2 3 http://www.nicebus.com/_meta/routes_pdf/NICE-n6_MapSchedule.pdf NICE bus schedule for N6 (Local) and N6X (Express) - 'Fair Information' (page 2), nicebus.com
  49. 1 2 Fares and MetroCard. Westchester County. January 27, 2014. Retrieved April 22, 2014.
  50. ↑ http://web.mta.info/metrocard/mcCombinationValue.htm About the $1 New Card Fee, MTA.info
  51. ↑ http://web.mta.info/metrocard/mcgtreng.htm#7day 7 day Unlimited ride price
  52. ↑ http://web.mta.info/metrocard/mcgtreng.htm#30day 30 day Unlimited ride price
  53. ↑ http://web.mta.info/metrocard/mcgtreng.htm#30express 7 day Express Bus Plus ride price
  54. 1 2 http://web.mta.info/metrocard/mcgtreng.htm#jfk10trip AirTrain JFK Unlimited ride price
  55. ↑ http://mta.info/busco/schedules/qm001cur.pdf QM1 schdeule fare information, page 2
  56. ↑ http://web.mta.info/nyct/sbs/#payBx41 Select Bus Service fare payment, MTA.info
  57. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on February 8, 2014. Retrieved April 3, 2014. I-Bus fare structure
  58. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20120302022836/http://www.co.rockland.ny.us/PublicTrans/schedules/TZX_Complete.pdf TappanZEExpress schedule, transfer connections (page 1)
  59. ↑ http://transportation.westchestergov.com/images/stories/pdfs/SysMapENG28june.pdf Bee-Line bus map (page 1)
  60. ↑ http://www.hartransit.com/fares.htm HART "FIXED ROUTE FARES" under 'CONNECTING BUS SYSTEMS'
  61. ↑ "Fixed Route Fares". http://huntingtonny.gov/. Retrieved April 22, 2014. External link in |work= (help)
  62. ↑ http://web.mta.info/nyct/facts/ridership/ Out-of-system transfer detail, MTA.info
  63. ↑ http://mta.info/metrocard/termsreg.htm "Regular MetroCard Conditions of Use", MTA.info
  64. ↑ http://web.mta.info/metrocard/buybooth.htm
  65. ↑ "Transit & Bus Committee Meeting December 2015" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. December 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 4, 2016. Retrieved January 8, 2016.
  66. ↑ "Bx12 Select Bus Service One Year Report" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. October 2009. Retrieved January 8, 2016.
  67. ↑ "A Bronx Tale: Bus Rapid Transit in New York City". Metropolitan Transportation Authority, New York City Department of Transportation. Retrieved January 8, 2016.
  68. ↑ "MTA/New York City Transit - MetroCard Bus and Van". mta.info.
  69. ↑ "MetroCard Merchant Locator". tripplanner.mta.info. Retrieved September 29, 2016.
  70. ↑ "MTA/New York City Transit - Selling MetroCard". web.mta.info. Retrieved September 29, 2016.
  71. ↑ The NYC Subway Trial - FAQs (MasterCard)
  72. ↑ "MTA Launches Smart Card Trial Program". NY1. July 11, 2006. Retrieved October 19, 2009.
  73. ↑ "Subway 'Smart Cards' Program Begins". Archived from the original on July 14, 2006.
  74. ↑ "Smart Cards for the Subways". Archived from the original on June 21, 2008.
  75. ↑ Rivoli, Dan; Gregorian, Dareh (April 12, 2016). "MTA to solicit proposals for 'New Fare Payment System,' taking first step in finding MetroCard replacement". New York Daily News. Retrieved November 30, 2016.
  76. ↑ "MTA Looks to Replace MetroCard With System Using 'Contactless Media'". NBC New York. April 13, 2016. Retrieved November 30, 2016.
  77. ↑ Luo, Michael (February 3, 2004). "MetroCard Dispensers Breaking Down, Victims of Tampering and Their Own Success". The New York Times. Retrieved April 25, 2010.
  78. ↑ "Golden: Assembly Inaction Allows MetroCard Swipe Scam to Continue in New York" (Press release). Martin Golden. November 8, 2004. Archived from the original on January 7, 2005.
  79. ↑ "Rules of Conduct". MTA New York City Transit. Section 1050.13. Retrieved April 25, 2010.
  80. ↑ "22C3: Magnetic Stripe Technology". December 27, 2005.
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