Mesityl oxide

Mesityl oxide
Names
IUPAC name
4-methylpent-3-en-2-one
Other names
Mesityl oxide
Isobutenyl methyl ketone
Methyl isobutenyl ketone
Isopropylidene acetone
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.005.002
RTECS number SB4200000
Properties
C6H10O
Molar mass 98.15 g·mol−1
Appearance Oily, colorless to light-yellow liquid[1]
Odor peppermint- or honey-like[1]
Density 0.858 g/cm3
Melting point −53 °C (−63 °F; 220 K)
Boiling point 129.5 °C (265.1 °F; 402.6 K)
3% (20°C)[1]
Solubility in other solvents Soluble in most organic solvents
Vapor pressure 9 mmHg (20°C)[1]
1.442
Hazards
Main hazards flammable
R-phrases (outdated) R10 R20/21/22
S-phrases (outdated) S25
Flash point 31 °C; 87 °F; 304 K [1]
Explosive limits 1.4%-7.2%[1]
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
1120 mg/kg (rat, oral)
1000 mg/kg (rabbit, oral)
710 mg/kg (mouse, oral)[2]
1000 mg/m3 (rat, 4 hr)
9000 mg/m3 (rat, 4 hr)
10,000 mg/m3 (mouse, 2 hr)
2000 mg/m3 (guinea pig, 7 hr)[2]
US health exposure limits (NIOSH):
PEL (Permissible)
TWA 25 ppm (100 mg/m3)[1]
REL (Recommended)
TWA 10 ppm (40 mg/m3)[1]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
1400 ppm[1]
Related compounds
Related compounds
diacetone alcohol
acetone,
benzylideneacetone
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Mesityl oxide is a α,β-Unsaturated ketone with the formula CH3C(O)CH=C(CH3)2. This compound is a colorless, volatile liquid with a strong cat urine odor.[3]

Synthesis

It is prepared by the aldol condensation of acetone to give diacetone alcohol, which readily dehydrates to give this compound.[4]

Isophorone may be formed under the same conditions of mesityl oxide production, by a Michael addition. The yields of mesityl oxide and isophorone may vary according to reaction conditions during synthesis:

Uses

Mesityl oxide is used as a solvent and in the production of methyl isobutyl ketone by hydrogenation:

References

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