Menominee County, Wisconsin

Menominee County, Wisconsin
Map of Wisconsin highlighting Menominee County
Location in the U.S. state of Wisconsin
Map of the United States highlighting Wisconsin
Wisconsin's location in the U.S.
Founded July 3, 1959
Named for Menominee tribe
Seat Keshena
Largest town Menominee
Area
 • Total 365 sq mi (945 km2)
 • Land 358 sq mi (927 km2)
 • Water 7.4 sq mi (19 km2), 2.0%
Population
 • (2010) 4,232
 • Density 12/sq mi (5/km²)
Congressional district 8th
Time zone Central: UTC-6/-5
Website www.co.menominee.wi.us

Menominee County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2010 census, the population was 4,232[1] making it the least populous county in Wisconsin. Its county seat is Keshena.[2]

Menominee is Wisconsin's newest county, having been created in 1959 after the Menominee tribe was terminated by federal law. In 1974, the tribe regained federal recognition and restoration of most of its reservation. Today Menominee County is essentially coterminous with the boundaries of the federally recognized Menominee Indian Reservation.

Memoninee County is included in the Shawano, WI Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Green Bay-Shawano, WI Combined Statistical Area.

History

The county was created from the northeastern portion of Shawano County on July 3, 1959, in anticipation of the termination of the Menominee Indian Reservation in 1961. The reservation status was restored in 1973, and is now co-extensive with the county.

Most of the land within the county boundary is under Federal trust for the exclusive use by enrolled members of the Menominee nation. Scattered parcels that were purchased during termination, as well as many lots around the Legend Lake area in the southeastern part of the county, are the only parts of the county that are privately owned by non-Native Americans. Most of Menominee County's population consists of members of the Menominee nation.[3]

Geography

Native vegetation based on NRCS soils information

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 365 square miles (950 km2), of which 358 square miles (930 km2) is land and 7.4 square miles (19 km2) (2.0%) is water.[4] It is the second-smallest county in Wisconsin by total area.

Adjacent counties

Major highways

Demographics

2000 Census Age Pyramid for Menominee County
Historical population
Census Pop. %±
19702,607—
19803,37329.4%
19903,89015.3%
20004,56217.3%
20104,232−7.2%
Est. 20164,533[5]7.1%
U.S. Decennial Census[6]
1900–1990[7] 1990–2000[8]
2010–2014[1]

As of the census[9] of 2000, there were 4,562 people, 1,345 households, and 1,065 families residing in the county. This total makes it the least-populated county in the state. The population density was 13 people per square mile (5/km²). There were 2,098 housing units at an average density of 6 per square mile (2/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 11.57% White, 0.07% Black or African American, 87.26% Native American, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.33% from other races, and 0.75% from two or more races. 2.67% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 5.0% were of German ancestry according to Census 2000. 89.8% spoke English, 7.0% Menominee and 1.6% Hmong as their first language.

There were 1,345 households out of which 42.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.50% were married couples living together, 26.60% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.80% were non-families. 16.50% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.35 and the average family size was 3.66.

In the county, the population was spread out with 38.90% under the age of 18, 8.40% from 18 to 24, 24.70% from 25 to 44, 19.50% from 45 to 64, and 8.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 28 years. For every 100 females there were 97.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.30 males.

Politics

Menominee County vote
in presidential elections
Year REP DEM Others
2016 20.4% 267 76.6% 1,002 3.0% 39
2012 13.0% 179 86.5% 1,191 0.5% 7
2008 12.8% 185 86.8% 1,257 0.4% 6
2004 16.8% 288 82.6% 1,412 0.6% 10
2000 18.2% 225 77.0% 949 4.8% 59
1996 17.0% 230 73.5% 992 9.5% 128
1992 21.0% 244 59.6% 691 19.4% 225
1988 26.9% 381 72.5% 1,028 0.6% 8
1984 31.8% 392 67.6% 832 0.6% 7
1980 32.3% 302 58.1% 544 9.6% 90
1976 28.9% 324 68.3% 766 2.9% 32
1972 36.4% 355 62.3% 608 1.3% 13
1968 24.2% 179 71.8% 531 4.1% 30
1964 10.7% 78 89.1% 647 0.1% 1

Menominee County has never voted Republican in its history. In 2016, Donald Trump became the first Republican to win over 20% of the vote in the county since George H. W. Bush in 1992.

Communities

Entrance sign on WIS 55 near Keshena
Woods occupy most of Menominee County

Menominee County is one of only two counties in Wisconsin with no incorporated communities, the other being Florence County.

Town

Census-designated places

Unincorporated communities

Ghost town

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 14, 2011. Retrieved January 22, 2014.
  2. ↑ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  3. ↑ Paxton Hart. "The Making of Menominee County". Wisconsin Magazine of History, vol. 143, no. 3 (Spring 1960):181-189.
  4. ↑ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved August 6, 2015.
  5. ↑ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved June 9, 2017.
  6. ↑ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 6, 2015.
  7. ↑ Forstall, Richard L., ed. (March 27, 1995). "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 6, 2015.
  8. ↑ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. April 2, 2001. Retrieved August 6, 2015.
  9. ↑ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-05-14.

Coordinates: 45°01′N 88°42′W / 45.02°N 88.70°W / 45.02; -88.70

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