Mega Manila Subway

Mega Manila Subway
Overview
Type Rapid transit
Status Proposed
Locale Metro Manila (Phase 1)
Bulacan, Cavite (Phase 2 and 3)
Termini Mindanao Avenue
Ninoy Aquino International Airport
Stations 13 (Phase 1)
Services 1
Daily ridership 370,000 (Projected)[1]
Operation
Opened 2024 (Estimated)[2]
Operator(s) Department of Transportation
Technical
Line length 25 km (16 mi) (Phase 1)
Track gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Electrification Third rail
Operating speed 80 km/h (50 mph)

The Mega Manila Subway is a proposed underground rapid transit line to be built initially in Metro Manila in the Philippines. Introduced in a forum launching DuterteNomics (or Dutertenomics, the socioeconomic agenda of President Rodrigo Duterte). Construction is projected to begin by the fourth quarter of 2020, and to finish by the second quarter of 2025.[2]

When finished, it would be the first subway system in the Philippines,[3][4] with a predicted daily ridership of 370,000 in the first year.[1] It would also become the fifth subway system in Southeast Asia, after Thailand's Bangkok Metro (currently in operation), Indonesia's Jakarta Mass Rapid Transit (expected to open in 2017/2018), Singapore's Thomson-East Coast MRT Line (expected to open in 2019) and Vietnam's Ho Chi Minh City Metro (expected to open in 2020).[5][6][7] In the first phase of the project, thirteen stations are planned – from Mindanao Avenue to Ninoy Aquino International Airport.[2] Some of the stations, such as that in North Avenue, Quezon Avenue, Anonas, and Katipunan, may intersect with the existing rapid transit lines of the Manila Light Rail Transit System.

The project is expected to cost 227 billion pesos (USD 4.5 billion as of 2017), to be included in the national budget in the following years. It is expected be the most expensive transport project to be undertaken by the Duterte administration.[8][9] The government of Japan has expressed willingness to help in covering the expenses of the subway, and a loan agreement is expected to be signed between President Duterte and Prime Minister Shinzō Abe by November 2017.[10]

History

A subway in Metro Manila, initially named Metro Manila Subway, was proposed in the Metro Manila Dream Plan as a 57.7-kilometer subway that would serve as the second north–south mass transit backbone for the newly expanded Greater Capital Region (the first being the North-South Commuter Line). The Metro Manila Dream Plan (Mega Manila Dream Plan or Roadmap for Transport Infrastructure Development for Metro Manila and Its Surrounding Areas) is an integrated plan, created on the basis of recommendations from a study conducted by the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)[11] and was approved the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) Board in June 2014, lasting until 2030. The program aims to improve the transport system in Metro Manila, Philippines, with the hope of turning it into a focal point for addressing Metro Manila's interlinked problems in the areas of transportation, land use, and environment.[12][13] However, the idea had been forwarded as early as 1973, when the JICA (at the time known as the Overseas Technical Cooperation Agency or OTCA) and former Secretary of Public Works and Highways David Consunji conducted a study on what shall later be Metro Manila (formally constituted on 7 November 1975). The subway was also proposed to be part of the 1977 MMetroplan, which even received approval from the World Bank. However, the subway plan was not included and implemented, for some of the areas included in the plan, such as Marikina and Cainta, are prone to flooding.[14][15][16] Instead, what was built was the Manila Light Rail Transit System Line 1, opened on 1 December 1984 and completed on 12 May 1985.[17] Nevertheless, the current Manila Light Rail Transit System (mostly elevated) is shorter than the line system forwarded in 1973.[16]

The 1973 subway plan provided for the construction of five lines. The first line (Line 1) extends 27.1 kilometers from Constitution Hills (now Batasan Hills), Quezon City to Talon, Las Piñas. The second line (Line 2) extends 36 kilometers from Novaliches, Quezon City to Cainta, Rizal. The third line (Line 3) extends 24.3 kilometers throughout Epifanio de los Santos Avenue. The fourth line (Line 4) extends 30.1 kilometers from Marikina to Zapote, Bacoor. Finally, the fifth line (Line 5) extends 17.6 kilometers from Rizal Avenue, Manila to Meycauayan, Bulacan. If this plan was carried out, it would have been completed by 1988.[16]

Design

The subway is designed to run trains at the speed of 80 kilometers per hour. The tunnel diameter inside and outside is projected to be 5.2 meters and 5.65 meters respectively.[18] Since there are estimates of an expected magnitude 7.2 earthquake (which can be as powerful as magnitude 7.6) in the Marikina Valley Fault System,[19] the subway is designed to withstand a magnitude 8.0 earthquake. In addition, the subway may not be entirely underground. Assessment of the environmental and geographical considerations in the base alignment (initially 74.6 kilometers long) recommends 18% of the line to be at-grade and 9% to be running through viaduct.[18]

Rolling stock

While the subway system itself is not yet in operation, the requirements for the rolling stock in accordance to the projected design are already available. Average train speed is expected to be at 50 kilometers per hour (Manila Light Rail Transit System trains run at the average speed of 40 kilometers per hour). The subway train shall consist of six cars, with a capacity of 412 passengers per car. A total of 126 rail cars will be required (enough to constitute a fleet of 21 trains). Each rail car is projected to cost USD 2.5 million (124.5 million pesos as of 2017).[18]

Proposed network

The project involves the construction of 13 stations in its first phase (listed from north to south):[2][18]

Station City
Mindanao Avenue Quezon City
North Avenue
Quezon Avenue
East Avenue
Anonas
Katipunan
Ortigas North Mandaluyong
Ortigas South
Kalayaan Avenue Makati
Bonifacio Global City Taguig
Cayetano Boulevard
Food Terminal Incorporated (FTI)

The first phase is initially planned to be 21.6 kilometers long.[18] However, it is estimated to be actually 25 kilometers long.[10] The following phases of the subway project would involve extending lines up to San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, north of Metro Manila (15.4 kilometers from the proposed Mindanao Avenue station), and up to Dasmariñas, Cavite, south of Metro Manila (20.7 kilometers from the proposed Ninoy Aquino International Airport station). The entire system, if completed, is projected to have up to 1.74 million passengers daily.[18]

References

  1. 1 2 "Mega Manila Subway". Philippine Infrastructure Transparency Portal. Retrieved 20 April 2017.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "'Ambitious' Metro Manila subway to be built by 2024 – DOTr". CNN Philippines. Retrieved 19 April 2017.
  3. ↑ Dela Paz, Chrisee. "Tokyo Metro: It's time to build a subway in PH". Rappler. Retrieved 20 April 2017.
  4. ↑ "Philippines' first subway gets OK from NEDA-ICC". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved 20 April 2017.
  5. ↑ Harvey, Adam. "Jakarta's first subway on track to ease city's notorious traffic woes". ABC News. Retrieved 20 April 2017.
  6. ↑ Kimura, Shun. "Contractors race to cash in on Southeast Asia's metro boom". Nikkei Asian Review. Retrieved 20 April 2017.
  7. ↑ "Ho Chi Minh City selects underground contractors". Railway Gazette International. 26 July 2014. Retrieved 25 April 2015.
  8. ↑ Rappler (22 August 2016). "Duterte admin revives plan to build Metro Manila subway". Public-Private Partnership Center. Retrieved 20 April 2017.
  9. ↑ "Japan set to fund Metro Manila subway, 2 other rail projects". Public-Private Partnership Center. Retrieved 20 April 2017.
  10. 1 2 "Duterte, Abe may sign Mega Manila subway deal in November". Rappler. Retrieved 19 April 2017.
  11. ↑ Dela Paz, C. J. V. (2 September 2014). "Plan seeks to untangle gridlock". Business World. New Manila, Quezon City, Philippines: BusinessWorld Publishing Corporation. Retrieved 18 September 2014.
  12. ↑ (The Philippines) MEGA MANILA INFRASTRUCTURE ROADMAP (Long Ver.). JICAChannel02: The Official Global Channel of the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), Republic of the Philippines National Economic Development Authority (NEDA). 10 June 2014.
  13. ↑ Main Points of the Roadmap (PDF) (Report). Japan International Cooperation Agency. September 2014.
  14. ↑ Garcia, Cathy Rose. "Why gov’t rejected subway for Metro Manila in the 1970s". Public-Private Partnership Center. Retrieved 20 April 2017.
  15. ↑ Palafox, Felino, Jr. "1977 plan still remains to be carried out". The Manila Times. Retrieved 20 April 2017.
  16. 1 2 3 Jose, Ricardo; Mabazza, Daniel; Lagman, Marco Stefan; Villasper, Jonathan. "Planning Metro Manila’s Mass Transit System" (PDF). Retrieved 20 April 2017.
  17. ↑ The LRT Line 1 System – The Yellow Line. [ca. 2010]. Light Rail Transit Authority. Retrieved 19 January 2010. Archived 1 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine.
  18. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Roadmap for Transport Infrastructure Development for Metro Manila and Its Surrounding Areas (Region III and Region IV-A): SUPPLEMENTARY REPORT ON MEGA MANILA SUBWAY PROJECT" (PDF). National Economic and Development Authority. Retrieved 20 April 2017.
  19. ↑ Nelson, Alan R.; Personius, Stephen F.; Rimando, Rolly E.; Punongbayan, Raymundo S.; Tungol, Norman; Mirabueno, Hannah; Rasdas, Ariel (2000). "Multiple Large Earthquakes in the Past 1500 Years on a Fault in Metropolitan Manila, the Philippines". Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. Seismological Society of America. 90 (1): 84. doi:10.1785/0119990002.
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