Medicine Hat

Medicine Hat
City
City of Medicine Hat

City hall, the courthouse and Medicine Hat Public Library are visible across the South Saskatchewan River, looking south from Finlay Bridge

Flag

Coat of arms
Logo
Nickname(s): "The Hat", "The Gas City"[1]
Motto: Animo et Fide  (Latin)
"By Courage and Faith"
Medicine Hat
Medicine Hat

Location of Medicine Hat in Alberta

Coordinates: 50°02′30″N 110°40′39″W / 50.04167°N 110.67750°W / 50.04167; -110.67750Coordinates: 50°02′30″N 110°40′39″W / 50.04167°N 110.67750°W / 50.04167; -110.67750
Country Canada
Province Alberta
Region Southern Alberta
Census division 1
Founded 1883
Incorporated[2]  
 • Village May 31, 1894
 • Town November 1, 1898
 • City May 9, 1906
Government[3]
 • Mayor Ted Clugston
 • Governing body
 • CAO (Municipal Services) Merete Heggelund
 • MP Glen Motz
–(Cons – Medicine Hat—Cardston—Warner)
 • MLAs Bob Wanner
–(NDP – Medicine Hat)
Drew Barnes
–(WRP – Cypress-Medicine Hat)
Area (2016)[4]
 • Land 112.04 km2 (43.26 sq mi)
Elevation[5] 690 m (2,260 ft)
Population (2016)[4]
 • Total 63,260
 • Density 564.6/km2 (1,462/sq mi)
 • Municipal census (2015) 63,018[6]
Demonym(s) Hatter[7]
Time zone MST (UTC−07:00)
 • Summer (DST) MDT (UTC−06:00)
Forward sortation areas T1A - T1C
Area code(s) 403, 587
Highways 1, 3, 41A
Waterways South Saskatchewan River, Seven Persons Creek, Ross Creek
Railways Canadian Pacific Railway
Website www.medicinehat.ca

Medicine Hat is a city in southeast Alberta, Canada. It is approximately 169 km (105 mi) east of Lethbridge and 295 km (183 mi) southeast of Calgary. This city and the adjacent Town of Redcliff to the northwest are surrounded by Cypress County. Medicine Hat was the sixth-largest city in Alberta in 2016 with a population of 63,230.

Medicine Hat is situated on the Trans-Canada Highway (Highway 1), the eastern terminus of the Crowsnest Highway (Highway 3), and the South Saskatchewan River. Nearby communities considered part of the Medicine Hat area include the Town of Redcliff (abutting the city's northwest boundary) and the hamlets of Desert Blume, Dunmore, Irvine, Seven Persons, and Veinerville. The Cypress Hills (including Cypress Hills Interprovincial Park) is a relatively short distance (by car) to the southeast of the city.

Historically, Medicine Hat has been known for its large natural gas fields, being immortalized by Rudyard Kipling as having "all hell for a basement".[8][9] Because of these reserves, the city is known as "The Gas City".

History

Name origins

The name "Medicine Hat" is the English translation of Saamis (SA-MUS) – the Blackfoot word for the eagle tail feather headdress worn by medicine men – or "Medicine Hat".[10] Several legends are associated with the name from a mythical mer-man river serpent named Soy-yee-daa-bee – the Creator – who appeared to a hunter and instructed him to sacrifice his wife to get mystical powers which were manifest in a special hat. Another legend tells of a battle long ago between the Blackfoot and the Cree in which a retreating Cree "Medicine Man" lost his headdress in the South Saskatchewan River.

A number of factors have always made Medicine Hat a natural gathering place. Before Europeans arrived, the Blackfoot, Cree and Assiniboine nations used the area for hundreds of years. The gently sloping valley with its converging waterways and hardy native cottonwood trees attracted both humans and the migratory bison herds which passed through the area.

Founding

In 1883, when the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) reached Medicine Hat and crossed the river a town site was established using the name from the First Nations legends. As the west developed, Medicine Hat became instrumental with the development of the first hospital past Winnipeg in 1889 and as a CPR divisional point. It was incorporated as a town on October 31, 1898, and as a city on May 9, 1906. Medicine Hat is halfway between Winnipeg and Vancouver.

Progress and growth

Rich in natural resources including natural gas, coal, clay, and farmland, the town was known in the early days as "the Pittsburgh of the West". A number of large industries located here, under the inducement of cheap and plentiful energy resources. Coal mines, brick works, pottery and glass bottle manufacturing plants, flour mills, etc. became established. The agricultural potential of the surrounding area, both in crop and livestock, also made the town a viable service centre with a well established transportation route. An economic boom was experienced between 1909–1914 bringing the population to over 10,000. Little growth occurred between the World Wars, although the population swelled in the mid-1940s due to the town hosting one of the largest P.O.W. camps in Canada during the Second World War. It was not until the 1950s that the town again experienced significant commercial development. Today, Medicine Hat prides itself as one of the most economical places to live in Canada, with its unique city-owned gas utility and power generation plant being predominant factors. Major industries have included chemical plants, a Goodyear tire and rubber plant, greenhouses, numerous oil and gas related companies, a foundry, I-XL Industries (a brickworks dating from the 1880s),[11] to name a few.

Medicine Hat Teepee at night
Medicine Hat Speedway Derby

Geography

The Medicine Hat landscape is dominated by the South Saskatchewan River valley. In addition to this major river, both the Seven Persons Creek and Ross Creek empty into the South Saskatchewan River within the City of Medicine Hat boundary. The presence of these water bodies provide for a dramatic valley landscape with numerous cliffs, and finger coulees throughout the city. Beyond the city and river valley the land is flat to slightly rolling and is characterized by short-grass vegetation. Medicine Hat is also known as Canada's sunniest city.

Located about 40 km (25 mi) to the east at 50°0′38.2″N 110°6′48.3″W / 50.010611°N 110.113417°W / 50.010611; -110.113417 (Badlands Guardian) lies the Badlands Guardian Geological Feature. It is a landscape formation taking the form of a head wearing a feathered headdress. The head is 1,000 ft (300 m) wide. It is in inverse relief, formed by valleys rather than raised ground.

Climate

Located in the steppe region known as Palliser's Triangle, Medicine Hat has a semi-arid, continental climate (Köppen climate classification BSk), with cold winters, and warm to hot, dry summers. Frequently, the winter cold is ameliorated by mild and dry Chinook winds blowing from the west, and hot summer daytime temperatures are made more tolerable by low humidity and rapid cooling in the evening hours. Medicine Hat receives less precipitation annually than most other cities on the Canadian Prairies and plentiful sunshine (widely known as "The sunniest city in Canada"),[12] making it a popular retirement city. Maximum precipitation typically occurs in the late spring and early summer.

The highest temperature ever recorded in Medicine Hat was 42.2 °C (108 °F) on July 12, 1886.[12] The coldest temperature ever recorded was −46.1 °C (−51 °F) on February 4, 1887.[12]

2013 Alberta floods

During the 2013 Alberta floods Medicine Hat, located on the South Saskatchewan River downstream from the confluence of the Bow and Oldman Rivers was hit with significant flooding.[13] The city evacuated 10,000 residents ahead of the flooding, and facilities including the Medicine Hat Arena had begun to flood late Sunday evening, June 23.[14] The South Saskatchewan River peaked at 5,460 m3/s (193,000 cu ft/s), which was below earlier predictions of 6,000 m3/s (210,000 cu ft/s),[15] but exceeded the highest recorded rate of 5,100 m3/s (180,000 cu ft/s) in 1995.[16]

Neighbourhoods

Housing

The average home price in Medicine Hat as of the end of September 2012 was $258,535.[18]

Demographics

In the 2016 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, the City of Medicine Hat recorded a population of 63,260 living in 26,652 of its 27,970 total private dwellings, a change of 5.4% from its 2011 population of 60,005. With a land area of 112.04 km2 (43.26 sq mi), it had a population density of 564.6/km2 (1,462.4/sq mi) in 2016.[4]

The population of the City of Medicine Hat according to its 2015 municipal census is 63,018,[6] a change of 3% from its 2012 municipal census population of 61,180,[41]

In the 2011 Census, the City of Medicine Hat had a population of 60,005 living in 25,445 of its 27,342 total dwellings, a change of 5.3% from its 2006 population of 56,997. With a land area of 112.01 km2 (43.25 sq mi), it had a population density of 535.7/km2 (1,387.5/sq mi) in 2011.[30] Also in 2011, the Medicine Hat population centre had a population of 65,671,[42] while the Medicine Hat census agglomeration had a population of 72,807.[43] The population centre includes the adjacent Town of Redcliff to the northwest and a small portion of Cypress County to the east[44] that includes the Hamlet of Veinerville,[45] while the census agglomeration includes Redcliff and Cypress County in its entirety.[46]

More than 89 percent of residents identified English as their first language at the time of the 2006 census, while 6 percent identified German and just over 1 percent each identified Spanish and French as their first language learned. The next most common languages were Ukrainian, Chinese, Dutch, and Polish.[47]

More than 79 percent of residents identified as Christian at the time of the 2001 census while almost 20 percent indicated they had no religious affiliation. For specific denominations Statistics Canada counted 16,175 Roman Catholics (26.5 percent), 9,445 members of the United Church of Canada (15.5 percent), and 6,170 Lutherans (slightly more than 10 percent).[48] Less numerous denominations included 3,780 Anglicans (more than 6 percent), 1,745 members of the Evangelical Missionary Church (almost 3 percent), 1,470 Baptists (over 2 percent), 1,220 identifying as Pentecostal (2 percent), 1,220 Latter-day Saints (2 percent), and 675 Presbyterians (just over 1 percent).


Attractions

Giant Teepee installation, 1991

The Medicine Hat Clay Industries National Historic District[49] is a living, working museum that offers a unique and extensive experience through collections, exhibits, interpretation, guided tours and educational and artistic programming. The Medalta Potteries and Hycroft China Factory Complexes are the focal points in this 150-acre (0.6 km2) region. This nationally recognized industrial historic district is a cultural initiative of the Friends of Medalta Society with federal, provincial, municipal and private support. Restoration, preservation and cultural development of the Medicine Hat Clay Industries National Historic District for the purpose of education and public enjoyment is ongoing.[50]

Just south of the Trans-Canada Highway and overlooking the Blackfoot buffalo jump is the world's tallest teepee, the "Saamis Teepee". Designed for the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary as a symbol of Canada's Aboriginal heritage, it was moved to Medicine Hat in 1991. It stands over 20 stories high and was designed to withstand extreme temperatures and winds up to 240 km/h (150 mph). During a January 2007 windstorm, a portion of the teepee was damaged. Upon further inspection, it was discovered that extensive weathering was partially to blame. After repairs were complete, the Saamis Teepee now stands approximately 15 ft (4.6 m) shorter.

The Medicine Hat Family Leisure Centre is the largest indoor multi-purpose facility in the city. The building is 90,000 sq ft (8,000 m2) and is sited on 57 acres (0.23 km2) in the north end of the city. The facility includes an Olympic-sized ice rink, 50 m (160 ft) pool, waterslide, diving platforms, kiddies pool, wave pool and cafe. It is currently undergoing an extensive renovation to include an indoor soccer facility, track and improved fitness centre. The improvements will almost double the size of the facility. In the area surrounding the Leisure Centre facility there are several other sporting venues including; four ball diamonds, lighted football field, three soccer pitches and one of the largest BMX racing facilities in Southern Alberta.

Located in downtown Medicine Hat, The Esplanade[51] is a large multi purpose cultural centre. The facility features a 700+ seat performing arts theatre, art gallery, museum, archives, gift shop, and cafe. The Esplanade officially opened in October 2005.

The Medicine Hat Drag Racing Association[52] is located just off the Trans-Canada Highway on Boundary Road or the spectators entrance on Box Springs Road. This is Alberta's only sanctioned National Hot Rod Association (NHRA) track and is a 1/4 mile in length. The facility proudly supports affordable family entertainment and encourages people to race the strip, not the street. The seasons typically run from May till September hosting a variety of events from jet and alcohol cars, bracket racing and the NHRA National open which attracts approximately 300 cars from all over North America.

Medicine Hat Public Library is located across the street from The Esplanade. It has over 10,000 annual members and is the resource library for the Shortgrass Library System[53] of Southern Alberta.

The Shannon House

The Shannon House is a historical landmark currently known as Saamis Memorial Funeral Chapel & Crematorium. After purchasing the land and a team of horses for $40.00 in 1895, James Shannon built "The Shannon House" in 1906 for his wife and nine children. For many years, the property served as a campground and in 1930, the Maple Leaf motel was built on the site The home continued to stay in the family for three generations and was purchased by a local family in 1990 who saw the visions of having the family home continue to play a prominent role in the community and turned it into a funeral home. Becoming an integral part of the Medicine Hat community, the location remains the hub of city's main road system.

Parks

There are over 100 km (62 mi) of walking trails in the city. All of the major parks are linked by the extensive trail system.

View of the pond at Echodale Regional Park
Panoramic view of Echodale Regional Park

Sports

The city is home to the Medicine Hat Tigers, a major junior ice hockey team in the Western Hockey League (WHL). Established in 1970, the team has won seven division titles, five WHL league championships and back-to-back Canadian Hockey League (CHL) Memorial Cups in 1987 and 1988 in its history. Numerous Tigers alumni moved on to play in the National Hockey League (NHL). Lanny McDonald played WHL hockey for the Medicine Hat Tigers. He played in 1971-1972 and scored 50 goals and assisted on 64 goals. In 1972-1973 seasons he scored 62 goals and 77 assists.[54] They play at the Canalta Centre which opened in 2015 and replaced the Medicine Hat Arena.

The city is also home to the Medicine Hat Mavericks, a summer collegiate baseball team in the Western Major Baseball League (WMBL). Established in 2003, the team plays at Athletic Park stadium, formerly home to the Medicine Hat Blue Jays, in downtown Medicine Hat.

Government

In 2012 the riding of Medicine Hat was renamed to Medicine Hat—Cardston—Warner and Jim Hillyer of the Conservative Party of Canada (CPC) was elected in the 2015 election. Hillyer died in 2016 and in a by-election, held on October 24, 2016, Glen Motz (CPC) was elected.

LaVar Payne (CPC) was the Member of Parliament for Medicine Hat since October 2008, and was re-elected in the 2011 election. He announced in 2014 that he would not be running in the next election in October 2015. Previous to Payne the MP was Monte Solberg (CPC).

Medicine Hat has two provincial ridings. One is named Medicine Hat, and is represented by Bob Wanner of the New Democratic Party (NDP), while the other one is named Cypress-Medicine Hat, and is represented by Drew Barnes of the Wildrose Party.[55]

Infrastructure

Alberta Transportation is currently negotiating with landowners south of the city to secure land for the future Highway 1 (Trans-Canada Highway) bypass.[56] The bypass is expected to be constructed in the next 10–20 years.

The city owns the gas production, gas distribution, electric generation and electric distribution utilities that serve the citizens. The city-owned gas utility is the 30th largest natural gas producer (by volume produced) in Canada.

The city is working on design of the South-West Sector Sanitary Trunk main, extension of South Boundary Road from Strachan Road to Southridge Drive, and a South-West Sector water transmission line. This infrastructure will accommodate the development of new residential communities west of South Ridge Dr, and south of the Seven Persons Creek.

The city is served by the Medicine Hat Airport and Medicine Hat Transit.

Acute medical care is provided to residents at Medicine Hat Regional Hospital.[57]

Beginning in 2009, several ICT business leaders began working together to facilitate economic growth and diversify the local economy by building a robust community network based on fiber optic technologies.

Education

Medicine Hat School District No. 76 has been serving the needs of public school students since it came into existence in 1886. The district has five trustees and comprises three secondary schools, Alexandra Middle School (formerly Alexandra Junior High School), Crescent Heights High School and Medicine Hat High School, 12 elementary (K–6) schools, a special needs school for the severely disabled, as well as an Alternative School program which incorporates a joint partnership with the YMCA Teen Moms' Program, YMCA Stay-in-School Program, a program with the former Palliser Health Region for secondary students and a program supported by Alberta Children Services for students with behavioural needs. French immersion programming is provided as an option. The district currently works with the BHTH Institution for Education,[58] part of the International Education Association of Western Canada, to operate an international educational program in China and three schools have joined this program, Tangshan Caofeidian #2 School, Qinhuangdao Foreign Language School, and Shandong Weifang Middle School.

The Medicine Hat Catholic/Separate School District provides educational programming for students from kindergarten through Grade 12. French immersion programming is provided as an option in select District schools. It operates one high school, Monsignor McCoy, and nine other schools.[59]

Medicine Hat also has a Francophone school, École Les Cyprès,[60] and a public/charter school, the Centre for Academic and Personal Excellence (CAPE).

The Medicine Hat College is located in south Medicine Hat. The first students were accepted to the college in 1965. Now with over 2,500 students and three campuses, the college has grown into an integral part of the community. The Medicine Hat College Rattlers athletic program include basketball, volleyball, golf, soccer and futsol.

Media

Medicine Hat has several radio and television stations broadcasting from it, as well as a few distant AM radio stations from Calgary. Medicine Hat News publishes a daily newspaper.[61]

Law enforcement

Medicine Hat funds and employs its own municipal police service, the Medicine Hat Police Service and dates back to 1899.[62]

Military

Medicine Hat is home to the South Alberta Light Horse (SALH), an army reserve unit. The SALH dates back to 1885 when it took part in the North-West Rebellion. Since then it has gained battle honours in the First and Second World Wars and today its members continue to serve overseas on United Nations and North Atlantic Treaty Organization missions. Currently the SALH has members serving in Afghanistan.

During the First World War the 175th (Medicine Hat) Battalion, CEF, commanded by Nelson Spencer, was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force.

Medicine Hat was also home to a British Commonwealth Air Training Plan airfield and a POW camp during the Second World War.

Canadian Forces Base Suffield is located 50 km (31 mi) west of the city. It is estimated that the base contributes C$120 million annually to the local economy, principally through its two lodger units: British Army Training Unit Suffield, and Defence Research and Development Canada – Suffield).

Notable people

See also

References

  1. ↑ Peggy Revell (February 8, 2012). "Deputy premier tours Hat's projects". Medicine Hat News. Alberta Newspaper Group Limited Partnership. Archived from the original on January 29, 2013. Retrieved June 6, 2012.
  2. ↑ "Location and History Profile: City of Medicine Hat" (PDF). Alberta Municipal Affairs. June 17, 2016. p. 92. Retrieved June 18, 2016.
  3. ↑ "Municipal Officials Search". Alberta Municipal Affairs. July 21, 2017. Retrieved July 23, 2017.
  4. 1 2 3 4 "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2016 and 2011 censuses – 100% data (Alberta)". Statistics Canada. February 8, 2017. Retrieved February 8, 2017.
  5. ↑ "Alberta Private Sewage Systems 2009 Standard of Practice Handbook: Appendix A.3 Alberta Design Data (A.3.A. Alberta Climate Design Data by Town)" (PDF) (PDF). Safety Codes Council. January 2012. pp. 212–215 (PDF pages 226–229). Retrieved October 8, 2013.
  6. 1 2 2015 Municipal Affairs Population List (PDF). Alberta Municipal Affairs. ISBN 978-1-4601-2630-1. Retrieved February 27, 2016.
  7. ↑ About Medicine Hat: Quality of Life City of Medicine Hat. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  8. ↑ Brennan, Brian (2003), Boondoggles, bonanzas, and other Alberta stories, Fifth House, p. 43, ISBN 1-894004-94-9, This part of the country seems to have all hell for a basement, and the only trap door appears to be in Medicine Hat. And don’t you ever think of changing the name of your town. It’s all your own and the only hat of its kind on earth.
  9. ↑  Chelsea Schofield (2010-09-24). ""Rudyard Kipling Sings Another Prairie Tune"". curatormagazine.com. Retrieved 2017-04-30.
  10. ↑ "City of Medicine Hat : What's in a Name". medicine-hat.ab.ca.
  11. ↑ I-XL Industries Acquired by Friends of Medalta in Hope of Preserving Medicine Hat's Industrial Heritage
  12. 1 2 3 4 "Medicine Hat A, Alberta". Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010. Environment Canada. Retrieved May 14, 2014.
  13. ↑ "Medicine Hat Flood Potential 2013: Current News & Events". City of Medicine Hat. June 21, 2013. Retrieved June 21, 2013.
  14. ↑ Stephenson, Amanda (June 23, 2013). "Floodwaters expected to cleave Medicine Hat". Calgary Herald. Retrieved June 23, 2013.
  15. ↑ "Medicine Hat floodwaters starting to recede". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. June 24, 2013. Retrieved June 24, 2013.
  16. ↑ "Medicine Hat fears rising river after Calgary floods". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. June 23, 2013. Retrieved June 23, 2013.
  17. ↑ "Bylaw No. 3617: Hamptons Area Structure Plan". City of Medicine Hat. May 31, 2005. Retrieved December 29, 2012.
  18. ↑ "Medicine Hat Market Report" (PDF). Canadian Homebuilders' Association. October 2012. Retrieved December 29, 2012.
  19. ↑ "Table IX: Population of cities, towns and incorporated villages in 1906 and 1901 as classed in 1906". Census of the Northwest Provinces, 1906. Sessional Paper No. 17a. Ottawa: Government of Canada. 1907. p. 100.
  20. ↑ "Table I: Area and Population of Canada by Provinces, Districts and Subdistricts in 1911 and Population in 1901". Census of Canada, 1911. Volume I. Ottawa: Government of Canada. 1912. pp. 2–39.
  21. ↑ "Table I: Population of Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta by Districts, Townships, Cities, Towns, and Incorporated Villages in 1916, 1911, 1906, and 1901". Census of Prairie Provinces, 1916. Population and Agriculture. Ottawa: Government of Canada. 1918. pp. 77–140.
  22. ↑ "Table 8: Population by districts and sub-districts according to the Redistribution Act of 1914 and the amending act of 1915, compared for the census years 1921, 1911 and 1901". Census of Canada, 1921. Ottawa: Government of Canada. 1922. pp. 169–215.
  23. ↑ "Table 7: Population of cities, towns and villages for the province of Alberta in census years 1901-26, as classed in 1926". Census of Prairie Provinces, 1926. Census of Alberta, 1926. Ottawa: Government of Canada. 1927. pp. 565–567.
  24. ↑ "Table 12: Population of Canada by provinces, counties or census divisions and subdivisions, 1871-1931". Census of Canada, 1931. Ottawa: Government of Canada. 1932. pp. 98–102.
  25. ↑ "Table 4: Population in incorporated cities, towns and villages, 1901-1936". Census of the Prairie Provinces, 1936. Volume I: Population and Agriculture. Ottawa: Dominion Bureau of Statistics. 1938. pp. 833–836.
  26. ↑ "Table 10: Population by census subdivisions, 1871–1941". Eighth Census of Canada, 1941. Volume II: Population by Local Subdivisions. Ottawa: Dominion Bureau of Statistics. 1944. pp. 134–141.
  27. ↑ "Table 6: Population by census subdivisions, 1926-1946". Census of the Prairie Provinces, 1946. Volume I: Population. Ottawa: Dominion Bureau of Statistics. 1949. pp. 401–414.
  28. ↑ "Table 6: Population by census subdivisions, 1871–1951". Ninth Census of Canada, 1951. Volume I: Population, General Characteristics. Ottawa: Dominion Bureau of Statistics. 1953. p. 6.73–6.83.
  29. ↑ "Table 6: Population by sex, for census subdivisions, 1956 and 1951". Census of Canada, 1956. Population, Counties and Subdivisions. Ottawa: Dominion Bureau of Statistics. 1957. p. 6.50–6.53.
  30. 1 2 3 "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2011 and 2006 censuses". Statistics Canada. February 8, 2012. Retrieved February 8, 2012.
  31. ↑ "Table 6: Population by census subdivisions, 1901–1961". 1961 Census of Canada. Series 1.1: Historical, 1901–1961. Volume I: Population. Ottawa: Dominion Bureau of Statistics. 1963. p. 6.77-6.83.
  32. ↑ "Population by specified age groups and sex, for census subdivisions, 1966". Census of Canada, 1966. Population, Specified Age Groups and Sex for Counties and Census Subdivisions, 1966. Ottawa: Dominion Bureau of Statistics. 1968. p. 6.50–6.53.
  33. ↑ "Table 2: Population of Census Subdivisions, 1921–1971". 1971 Census of Canada. Volume I: Population, Census Subdivisions (Historical). Ottawa: Statistics Canada. 1973. p. 2.102-2.111.
  34. ↑ "Table 3: Population for census divisions and subdivisions, 1971 and 1976". 1976 Census of Canada. Census Divisions and Subdivisions, Western Provinces and the Territories. Volume I: Population, Geographic Distributions. Ottawa: Statistics Canada. 1977. p. 3.40–3.43.
  35. ↑ "Table 4: Population and Total Occupied Dwellings, for Census Divisions and Subdivisions, 1976 and 1981". 1981 Census of Canada. Volume II: Provincial series, Population, Geographic distributions (Alberta). Ottawa: Statistics Canada. 1982. p. 4.1–4.10. ISBN 0-660-51095-2.
  36. ↑ "Table 2: Census Divisions and Subdivisions – Population and Occupied Private Dwellings, 1981 and 1986". Census Canada 1986. Population and Dwelling Counts – Provinces and Territories (Alberta). Ottawa: Statistics Canada. 1987. p. 2.1–2.10. ISBN 0-660-53463-0.
  37. ↑ "Table 2: Population and Dwelling Counts, for Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 1986 and 1991 – 100% Data". 91 Census. Population and Dwelling Counts – Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions. Ottawa: Statistics Canada. 1992. pp. 100–108. ISBN 0-660-57115-3.
  38. ↑ "Table 10: Population and Dwelling Counts, for Census Divisions, Census Subdivisions (Municipalities) and Designated Places, 1991 and 1996 Censuses – 100% Data". 96 Census. A National Overview – Population and Dwelling Counts. Ottawa: Statistics Canada. 1997. pp. 136–146. ISBN 0-660-59283-5.
  39. ↑ "Population and Dwelling Counts, for Canada, Provinces and Territories, and Census Divisions, 2001 and 1996 Censuses - 100% Data (Alberta)". Statistics Canada. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
  40. ↑ "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2006 and 2001 censuses - 100% data (Alberta)". Statistics Canada. January 6, 2010. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
  41. ↑ "Council Packet for Tuesday, August 7, 2012". City of Medicine Hat. p. PDF page 191 of 304. Retrieved August 6, 2012.
  42. ↑ "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and population centres, 2011 and 2006 censuses (Alberta)". Statistics Canada. February 8, 2012. Retrieved February 17, 2012.
  43. ↑ "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations, 2011 and 2006 censuses (Alberta)". Statistics Canada. February 8, 2011. Retrieved March 4, 2011.
  44. ↑ Census Tract Reference Maps, by Census Metropolitan Areas or Census Agglomerations: Medicine Hat CA (2 of 3) (PDF) (Map). Statistics Canada. November 14, 2013. Retrieved June 26, 2013.
  45. ↑ Veinerville (Map). Cypress County. December 2012. Retrieved June 26, 2013.
  46. ↑ Census Tract Reference Maps, by Census Metropolitan Areas or Census Agglomerations: Medicine Hat CA (1 of 3) (PDF) (Map). Statistics Canada. November 14, 2013. Retrieved June 26, 2013.
  47. ↑ "Medicine Hat". Detailed Mother Tongue (186), Knowledge of Official Languages (5), Age Groups (17A) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2001 and 2006 Censuses - 20% Sample Data. Statistics Canada. November 20, 2007. Retrieved February 6, 2008.
  48. ↑ "Medicine Hat". Religion (95A), Age Groups (7A) and Sex (3) for Population, for Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas 1 and Census Agglomerations, 1991 and 2001 Censuses - 20% Sample Data. Statistics Canada. March 1, 2007. Retrieved February 6, 2008.
  49. ↑ "Medicine Hat Clay Industries National Historic District". Medalta.org. August 5, 2011. Retrieved October 9, 2011.
  50. ↑ Medicine Hat Clay Industries National Historic District
  51. ↑ "The Esplanade". Esplanade.ca. Retrieved October 9, 2011.
  52. ↑ "Medicine Hat Drag Race Association". Mhdra.com. Retrieved October 9, 2011.
  53. ↑ Shortgrass Library System. "Shortgrass Library System Homepage". Shortgrass.ca. Retrieved October 9, 2011.
  54. ↑ "Lanny McDonald". hockeyDB.com. Retrieved May 5, 2016.
  55. ↑ "Electorate of the City of Medicine Hat" (PDF). City of Medicine Hat. Retrieved August 27, 2010.
  56. ↑ multiple (2010). The Rough Guide to Canada. Rough Guides. p. 661. ISBN 978-1-84836-503-2.
  57. ↑ Alberta Health Services. "Facility". Alberta Health Services.
  58. ↑ BHTH Institution
  59. ↑ "Schools and Programs". Medicine Hat Catholic Board of Education. Retrieved January 2, 2013.
  60. ↑ "École Les Cyprès". Conseil scolaire du Sud de l'Alberta. February 21, 2012. Archived from the original on July 4, 2013.
  61. ↑ "Medicine Hat News". Alta Newspaper Group Limited Partnership. Retrieved March 13, 2013.
  62. ↑ Historical Overview of the Medicine Hat Police Service
  63. ↑ "Gothe understands the magic of his medium". Broadcast Week, August 15, 1987.
  64. ↑ Rooney, Sean, "Richard Hortness: A dream realized", Medicine Hat News, retrieved February 9, 2010
  65. ↑ "VIDEO: Linden, Levy, McDonald join Order of Canada". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. November 4, 2011. Retrieved May 13, 2012.
  66. ↑ "2003 Recipient: Trevor Linden - Vancouver". Government of British Columbia. Retrieved May 13, 2012.
  67. ↑ "Jess C. Nowicki (2006)". Canadian Railway Hall of Fame. Retrieved June 8, 2011.
  68. ↑ "The Honourable H.A. "Bud" Olson, P. C., 1996-2000". Legislative Assembly of Alberta. Archived from the original on November 13, 2012. Retrieved December 29, 2012.
  69. ↑ "Chris Osgood's hockey statistics profile at". Hockeydb.com. November 26, 1972. Retrieved October 9, 2011.
  70. ↑ "Order of Canada Membership".
  71. ↑ "Alberta Order of Excellence Membership".
  72. ↑ "Richard E. Taylor - Biographical". nobelprize.org.
  73. ↑ "Gone but not forgotten - Tremere". Home arrow Obituaries - Medicine Hat arrow TREMERE. gonebutnotforgotten.ca. 2008. Retrieved December 12, 2008.
  74. ↑ "Pioneer: Tweed, Tommy (1908–1971)". Canadian Communications Foundation. May 2007. Retrieved June 18, 2016.
  75. ↑ "Amanda Cook Artist Profile".
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