Maynard, Massachusetts

Maynard, Massachusetts
Town

Historic Downtown Maynard on Nason Street with local shops and businesses

Seal
Motto: Progressus cum Stabilitate (Latin)
"Progress with Stability"

Location in Middlesex County in Massachusetts
Coordinates: 42°26′00″N 71°27′00″W / 42.43333°N 71.45000°W / 42.43333; -71.45000Coordinates: 42°26′00″N 71°27′00″W / 42.43333°N 71.45000°W / 42.43333; -71.45000
Country United States
State Massachusetts
County Middlesex
Settled 1638
Incorporated 1871
Government
 • Type Open town meeting
Area
 • Total 5.4 sq mi (13.9 km2)
 • Land 5.2 sq mi (13.6 km2)
 • Water 0.1 sq mi (0.3 km2)
Elevation 186 ft (57 m)
Population (2010)
 • Total 10,106
 • Density 1,957.1/sq mi (748.3/km2)
Time zone Eastern (UTC-5)
 • Summer (DST) Eastern (UTC-4)
ZIP code 01754
Area code(s) 351 / 978
FIPS code 25-39625
GNIS feature ID 0618229
Website web.maynard.ma.us/

Maynard is a small suburban town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. The town is located 22 miles west of Boston, in the MetroWest and Greater Boston region of Massachusetts and borders Acton, Concord, Stow and Sudbury. As of the 2010 census, the town population was 10,106.

Maynard is located on the Assabet River, a tributary of the Concord River. Historic downtown Maynard is home to many shops, restaurants, galleries, a movie theater and the former Assabet Woolen Mill which produced wool fabrics from 1846 to 1950, including Union uniforms during the Civil War. Owners of the former mill complex currently lease space to office and light industry businesses and restaurants.

History

Circa 1764 home of Revolutionary War minuteman Luke Brooks, still stands at 88-90 Summer Street in Maynard

Maynard, located on the Assabet River, was first settled as a farming community by Puritan colonists in 1600s who acquired the land comprising modern-day Maynard from local Native American tribe members who referred to the area as Pompositicut or Assabet.[1] In 1651 Old Jethro (Tantamous) transferred land in what is now Maynard to Herman Garrett by defaulting on a mortgaged horse and mare, and in 1684 Tantamous' son Peter Jethro, a praying Indian, and Jehojakim and ten others transferred further land in the area to the settlers.[2] The area now known as Maynard was originally known as "Assabet Village" and was then part of the towns of Stow and Sudbury.[1] Residents of what is now Maynard fought in the Revolutionary War, including Luke Brooks of Summer Street who was in the Stow militia company which marched to Concord on April 19, 1775.[3] In 1851 transcendentalist Henry David Thoreau wrote about his walk through the area in his famous journal.[4] and he published a poem about Old Marlboro Road, part of which runs through Maynard.[5] During the American Civil War, at least thirty-six residents of Assabet Village fought for the Union.[2]

Amory Maynard, founder of Assabet Woolen Mills and namesake of Maynard, Massachusetts

The Town of Maynard was incorporated as an independent municipality in 1871. There were some exploratory town-founding rumblings in 1870, followed by a petition to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, filed January 26, 1871. State approval was granted April 19, 1871. In return, the new town paid Sudbury and Stow about $23,600 and $8,000 respectively. Sudbury received more money because more land came from Sudbury and Sudbury owned shares in the railroad, and the wool mill and paper mill were located in Sudbury. The population of the newly formed town - at 1,820 - was larger than either of its parent towns.[6]

Formation of new towns carved out of older ones was not unique to Maynard. Near-by Hudson, with its cluster of leather processing and shoe-making mills, seceded from Marlborough and Stow in 1866. In fact, the originally much larger Stow formed in 1683 lost land to Harvard, Shirley, Boxborough, Hudson and Maynard. The usual reason to petition the State's Committee on Towns was that a fast-growing population cluster - typically centered around mills - was too far from the schools, churches and Meeting Hall of the parent town.[7]

Main Street, with art galleries, restaurants and shops; The second floor of the brick building (1914) was originally the Colonial Hall and then a recording studio (Great Northern) where notable rock bands such as Aerosmith, Talking Heads, The Cars, Tommy Bolin, and Johnny Barnes recorded in the 1970s;[8] the first floor housed a Woolworth's from 1916 until at least 1977

The community was named after Amory Maynard, the man who, with William Knight, had bought water-rights to the Assabet River, installed a dam and built a large carpet mill in 1846-47. The community grew along with the Assabet Woolen Mill and made wool cloth for U.S. military uniforms for the Civil War. Further downstream along the Assabet, the American Powder Mills complex manufactured gunpowder from 1835 to 1940.[8] The woolen mill went bankrupt in 1898; it was purchased in 1899 by the American Woolen Company, a multi-state corporation, which greatly modernized and expanded the mill complex from 1900 through 1919.

There was an attempt in 1902 to change the town's name from "Maynard" to "Assabet". Some townspeople were upset that Amory Maynard had not left the town a gift before he died in 1890, and more were upset that Lorenzo Maynard, Amory's son, had withdrawn his own money from the Mill before it went bankrupt in 1898. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts decided to keep the name as "Maynard" without allowing the topic to come to a vote by the residents.[2][8]

In the early twentieth century, the village of Maynard was more modern and urbanized than many of the surrounding areas, and people would visit Maynard to shop, including Babe Ruth who lived in nearby Sudbury and would visit Maynard to buy cigars and play pool at pool halls on Main Street. The town had a train station, an electric trolley, hotels and movie halls.[8]

In 1942 the U.S. Army seized one-fifth of the town's land area, from the south side, to created a munitions storage facility. Land owners were evicted. The land remained military property for years. In 2005 it became part of the Assabet River National Wildlife Refuge.[9][10]

After the woolen mill finally shut down in 1950, local businessmen bought the property and began leasing it as office or manufacturing space. Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) moved into the complex in 1957, initially renting only 8,600 square feet. The company grew and grew until it bought the entire complex in 1974, which led to Maynard's nickname "Mini Computer Capital of the World". DEC remained in Maynard until 1998 when it was purchased by Compaq, which was itself later bought out by Hewlett Packard in 2002.[11]

"The Mill", as locals call it, was renovated in the late 1990s and renamed "Clock Tower Place" (2000-2015), and then renamed "mill&main" by new owners in 2016. The site houses many businesses, including the headquarters of Powell Flutes and up to 2014 Monster.com. The mill complex is also home to the oldest, still-working, hand-wound clock in the country (see image). The clock tower was constructed in 1892 by Lorenzo Maynard as a gift to the town. The weights that power the E. Howard & Co. tower clock and bell-ringing mechanisms are wound up once a week - more than 6,000 times since the clock was installed. The process takes one to two hours. The four clock faces have always been illuminated by electric lights.[8] For three months a year the Mill parking lot adjacent to Main Street is used on Saturdays for the Maynard Community Farmers' Market.

Glenwood Cemetery (incorporated 1871), located south of downtown Maynard, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2004. This still-active cemetery is the site of approximately 7,000 burials. On its east side it abuts St. Bridget's Cemetery, also in Maynard.

The Maynard Family

The Maynard Crypt in Glenwood Cemetery Maynard Mass.

John Maynard, born 1598, came over from England with his wife Elizabeth (Ashton) Maynard around 1635. Five generations later, Isaac Maynard was operating a mill in Marlborough. When he died in 1820 at age 41 his teenage son, Amory Maynard, took over the family business. The City of Boston bought Amory's water rights to Fort Meadow Pond in 1846. He partnered with William Knight to start up a woolen mill operation on the Assabet River. Amory and his wife Mary (Priest) Maynard had three sons: Lorenzo (1829-1904), William (1833-1906) and Harlan (1843-1861). Amory managed the mill from 1847-1885 (Knight retired in 1852). Lorenzo took over from 1885 to 1898. William had less to do with the family business - he lived in Boston a while, then Maynard again, then off to Pasadena, California in 1885 for reasons of ill health (possibly tuberculosis). He recovered and moved back east to Worcester in 1888 for the remainder of his life. Harlan died at age 18.[8]

Lorenzo married Lucy Davidson and had five children, but all of them died without issue - the four daughters passing away before their parents. William married Mary Adams and had seven children. Descendants of two - Harlan James and Lessie Louise - are alive today, but not living locally. William's granddaughter, Mary Augusta Sanderson, who died in 1947, was the last descendant to live in Maynard.[8]

The Maynard Crypt is a prominent feature on the north side of Glenwood Cemetery, within sight of passers-by on Route 27. It is an imposing earth-covered mound with a granite facade facing the road. The mound is 90 feet across and about 12 feet tall. The stonework facade is approximately 30 feet across. The ceiling of the crypt has a glass skylight surmounted by an exterior cone of iron grillwork. The granite lintel above the door reads "MAYNARD." Chiseled above the lintel are the year 1880 and the Greek letters Alpha and Omega entwined with a Fleur-de-lis Cross. Amory Maynard, his wife, Mary, and twenty of their descendants are interred in the crypt. At one point in time Amory's first son, Lorenzo, along with Lorenzo's wife and their four daughters, were also in the crypt, but in October 1904 Lorenzo's son arranged to have his six family members moved to a newly constructed mausoleum in Mount Auburn Cemetery, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Lorenzo had contracted for the mausoleum while still alive but died before it was completed. William, Amory's second son, was buried in the Hope Cemetery, Worcester, along with his wife and four of their seven children.[8]

Clock Tower, completed 1892, seen from Main Street. An image of the Clock Tower is incorporated into the Town Seal, displayed on street signs and town vehicles.

Geography

Maynard is located at 42°25′50″N 71°27′21″W / 42.43056°N 71.45583°W / 42.43056; -71.45583 (42.430781, -71.455943).[12]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 5.4 square miles (13.9 km²), of which 5.2 square miles (13.6 km²) is land and 0.1 square miles (0.3 km²), or 2.42%, is water. Average elevation is roughly 200 feet (~61 m) above sea level; the highest point is Summer Hill, elevation 358 feet (109.1 m); the lowest is the Maynard/Acton border next to the Assabet River, at 145 feet (44.2 m).

The Assabet River flows through Maynard from west to east, spanned by seven road bridges and one foot bridge. The river's vertical drop from the Stow border to the Acton border is 30 feet (9 m). Initially, this was sufficient to hydropower the wool and paper mills, but both later added coal-powered steam engines. Average flow in the river is 200 cubic feet per second. However, in summer months the average drops to under 100 cfs. The flood of March 2010 reached 2,500 cfs. Recent, monthly and annual riverflow data is available from the U.S. Geological Service.[13]

Average precipitation, long-term, is 43 inches (1,092 mm) per year, which includes 44 inches (112 cm) of snow. (The snow-to-water conversion is roughly 8 inches or 20 centimetres snow melts to one inch of water.) However, there has been a trend over the past 100 years of increasing precipitation, so the more recent average is closer to 50 inches per year (127 cm/year), and six of the snowiest winters on record have been since 1992-93.

Maynard borders the towns of Acton, Concord, Sudbury and Stow.

Transportation

Welcome to Maynard sign

The nearest rail station is in South Acton on the MBTA Commuter Rail Fitchburg Line, which is one mile from the Maynard town line. The express commuter rail is approximately 30 minutes to Porter Square in Cambridge and 45 minutes to North Station in Boston. By driving, the connection to Route 2 is four miles from downtown Maynard. Connections to I-95 in the east and I-495 in the west are both 8 miles from downtown Maynard.

Construction started on a 3.4 four mile portion of the Assabet River Rail Trail in 2016. When completed in 2018, will run from the South Acton train station at the north end, though the center of Maynard, and along the Assabet River to the Maynard:Stow border, where, via White Pond Road, there is access to the Assabet River National Wildlife Refuge. ARRT will be open for non-motorized transportation (skateboards, bicycles, etc.). See www.ARRTinc.org for construction updates.

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±%
18802,201—    
18902,700+22.7%
19003,142+16.4%
19106,390+103.4%
19207,086+10.9%
19307,156+1.0%
19406,812−4.8%
19506,978+2.4%
19607,695+10.3%
19709,710+26.2%
19809,590−1.2%
199010,325+7.7%
200010,433+1.0%
201010,106−3.1%
Source: United States Census records and Population Estimates Program data.[14][15][16][17][18][19][20]

The 2010 census put the population at 10,106 residents, a 3% decline from 2000.

As of the census[21] of 2010, there had been 10,106 people, 4,239 households, and 2,649 families residing in the town. The population density was 1,871 people per square mile (727/km²). There were 4,239 housing units, at an average density of 785 per square mile (305/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 92.7% White, 1.7% Black or African American, 0.1% Native American, 2.7% Asian, 1.3% from other races, and 1.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.7% of the population.

There were 4,239 households out of which 28.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.4% were married couples living together, 9.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.5% were non-families. 30.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 3.03.

The population distribution was 24.2% under the age of 19, 32.0% from 20 to 44, 30.9% from 45 to 64, and 12.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41.3 years. For every 100 females there were 91.8 males. For every 100 females age 65 and over, there were 71.1 males.

By per capita income, Maynard ranked 113 out of 351 Massachusetts towns and cities, at $39,447. The median income for a household in the town was $77,622, and the median income for a family was $104,398. About 3.8% of families and 5.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.4% of those under age 18 and 6.0% of those age 65 or over.

Education

Maynard High School, completed in 2013

Maynard has three public schools on adjoining campuses off Route 117. There is also an adult education program. One private school offers a classical Christian education program for grades K through 8.

Government

Maynard Town Building

Maynard uses the Open Town Meeting form of town government popular in small to mid-sized Massachusetts towns. Anyone may attend a town meeting, but only registered voters may vote. Before the meeting, a warrant is distributed to households in Maynard and posted on the town's website. Each article in the warrant is debated and voted on separately.

A minimum of 75 registered voters is required as a quorum to hold a town meeting and vote on town business. The quorum requirement was reduced from 100 in 2009 because at times, meetings were failing to achieve a quorum. Important budgetary issues approved at a town meeting must be passed by a subsequent ballot vote.

Maynard's elected officials are a five-member Board of Selectman. Each member is elected to a three-year term. Also filled by election are the School Committee, Housing Authority, Maynard Public Library Trustees and a Moderator to preside over the town meetings. Positions filled by appointment include the Town Administrator and other positions.

Details of government are in the Maynard Town Charter and Town of Maynard By-Laws, both documents posted at www.townofmaynard-ma.gov/gov/charter-and-bylaws.

State and federal government

In the Massachusetts General Court, Maynard is represented by Rep. Kate Hogan and Sen. Jamie Eldridge.

In the United States Congress, Maynard is represented by Rep. Niki Tsongas in the House of Representatives, and by Sen. Elizabeth Warren and Sen. Ed Markey in the Senate.

Places of worship

History of former places of worship:

Sites of Interest

ArtSpace Maynard, a non-profit artists' studio and gallery space on Summer Street, is located in a building which formerly was home to the Fowler School

Notable people

Cultural events

Maynard Public Library moved in 2006 to building that had been Roosevelt School 1918-1988

See also

References

  1. 1 2 History of Middlesex County, Massachusetts: With Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men, volume 2 (J. W. Lewis & Company: 1890), pg. 442-443 https://books.google.com/books?id=gZ5DAQAAMAAJ
  2. 1 2 3 Gutteridge, William H. (1921). A Brief History of the Town of Maynard, Massachusetts. Maynard, MA: Town of Maynard.
  3. ↑ Rev. & Mrs. P.R. Crowell's "Stow, Massachusetts 1683-1933" page 73.
  4. ↑ Thoreau’s walk to Boon’s Pond (pages 452-462)
  5. ↑ Thoreau's "The Old Marlborough Road"
  6. ↑ Sheridan, Ralph (1971). A History of Maynard 1871-1971. Town of Maynard Historical Committee.
  7. ↑ Fuller, Ralph. (2009). Stow Things. Stow Historical Publishing Company.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Mark, David A. (2014). Hidden History of Maynard. The History Press. ISBN 1626195412.
  9. ↑ "Friends of the Assabet River National Wildlife Refuge". www.farnwr.org. Retrieved 2015-12-22.
  10. ↑ "Refuge website: About the Refuge". U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service.
  11. ↑ Earls, Alan R. (2004). Digital Equipment Corporation. Mount Pleasant, SC: Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7385-3587-6
  12. ↑ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  13. ↑ USGS Current Conditions for USGS 01097000 ASSABET RIVER AT MAYNARD, MA. Waterdata.usgs.gov. Retrieved on 2013-07-17.
  14. ↑ "TOTAL POPULATION (P1), 2010 Census Summary File 1, All County Subdivisions within Massachusetts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 13, 2011.
  15. ↑ "Massachusetts by Place and County Subdivision - GCT-T1. Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on November 3, 2011. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  16. ↑ "1990 Census of Population, General Population Characteristics: Massachusetts" (PDF). US Census Bureau. December 1990. Table 76: General Characteristics of Persons, Households, and Families: 1990. 1990 CP-1-23. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  17. ↑ "1980 Census of the Population, Number of Inhabitants: Massachusetts" (PDF). US Census Bureau. December 1981. Table 4. Populations of County Subdivisions: 1960 to 1980. PC80-1-A23. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  18. ↑ "1950 Census of Population" (PDF). 1: Number of Inhabitants. Bureau of the Census. 1952. Section 6, Pages 21-10 and 21-11, Massachusetts Table 6. Population of Counties by Minor Civil Divisions: 1930 to 1950. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  19. ↑ "1920 Census of Population" (PDF). Bureau of the Census. Number of Inhabitants, by Counties and Minor Civil Divisions. Pages 21-5 through 21-7. Massachusetts Table 2. Population of Counties by Minor Civil Divisions: 1920, 1910, and 1920. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  20. ↑ "1890 Census of the Population" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. Pages 179 through 182. Massachusetts Table 5. Population of States and Territories by Minor Civil Divisions: 1880 and 1890. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  21. ↑ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on September 11, 2013. Retrieved 2017-07-30.
  22. ↑ Green Meadow School. Sites.google.com. Retrieved on 2016-12-24.
  23. ↑ Fowler School. Sites.google.com. Retrieved on 2016-12-24.
  24. ↑ Maynard High School. Sites.google.com. Retrieved on 2016-12-24.
  25. ↑ Hudson Maynard Adult Learning Center - Home. Hmalc-learn.org. Retrieved on 2013-07-17.
  26. ↑ A Christian school in Massachusetts - A Classical School in Massachusetts The Imago School - A Christian School Offering Classical Education in Maynard, Massachusetts. The Imago School. Retrieved on 2016-12-24.
  27. ↑ Swan, Jennifer Hubert (November 8, 2013). "Without a Voice". New York Times. New york. p. BR41.
  28. ↑ "Delta's CEO Plans to Retire Next Year". Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles, CA. Reuters. 2003-11-25. Retrieved 2013-12-05.

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