Mastigoneme
Mastigonemes are lateral "hairs" found covering the flagella of heterokont and cryptophyte algae.[1] They are approximately 15 nm in diameter, and usually consist of a tubular shaft that itself terminates in smaller "hairs". It is believed that they assist in locomotion by increasing the surface area of a flagellum.
Typology of flagella with hairs:[2][3][4][5][6]
- whiplash flagella (= smooth, acronematic flagella): without hairs, e.g., in Opisthokonta
- hairy flagella (= tinsel, flimmer, pleuronematic flagella): with hairs (= mastigonemes sensu lato), divided in:
- with fine hairs (= non tubular, or simple hairs): occurs in Euglenophyceae, Dinoflagellata, some Haptophyceae (Pavlovales)
- with stiff hairs (= tubular hairs, retronemes, mastigonemes sensu stricto), divided in:
- bipartite hairs: with two regions. Occurs in Cryptophyceae, Prasinophyceae, and some Heterokonta
- tripartite (= straminipilous) hairs: with three regions (a base, a tubular shaft, and one or more terminal hairs). Occurs in most Heterokonta
References
- ↑ Hoek, C. van den, Mann, D. G. and Jahns, H. M. (1995). Algae : An introduction to phycology, Cambridge University Press, UK.
- ↑ Webster & Weber (2007).
- ↑ South, G.R. & Whittick, A. (1987). Introduction to Phycology. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford. p. 65, .
- ↑ Barsanti, Laura; Gualtieri, Paolo (2006). Algae: anatomy, biochemistry, and biotechnology. Florida, USA: CRC Press. pp. 60-63,
- ↑ Dodge, J.D. (1973). The Fine Structure of Algal Cells. Academic Press, London. pp. 57-79,
- ↑ Lee, R. E. (2008). Phycology (4th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 7, .
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