Massimo D'Alema

Massimo D'Alema
53rd Prime Minister of Italy
In office
21 October 1998 – 25 April 2000
President Oscar Luigi Scalfaro
Carlo Azeglio Ciampi
Deputy Sergio Mattarella
Preceded by Romano Prodi
Succeeded by Giuliano Amato
President of the COPASIR
In office
26 January 2010 – 15 March 2013
Preceded by Francesco Rutelli
Succeeded by Giacomo Stucchi
Deputy Prime Minister of Italy
In office
17 May 2006 – 8 May 2008
Prime Minister Romano Prodi
Preceded by Giulio Tremonti
Succeeded by Angelino Alfano
Minister of Foreign Affairs
In office
17 May 2006 – 8 May 2008
Prime Minister Romano Prodi
Preceded by Gianfranco Fini
Succeeded by Franco Frattini
Vice President of the Socialist International
In office
29 October 2003 – 29 June 2008
President António Guterres
George Papandreou
In office
11 September 1996 – 7 November 1999
President Pierre Mauroy
President of the Democrats of the Left
In office
6 November 1998 – 14 October 2007
Preceded by Giglia Tedesco Tatò
Succeeded by Position abolished
Secretary of the Democrats of the Left
In office
12 February 1998 – 6 November 1998
Preceded by Position established
Succeeded by Walter Veltroni
Secretary of the Democratic Party of the Left
In office
1 July 1994 – 12 February 1998
Preceded by Achille Occhetto
Succeeded by Position abolished
Secretary of the Italian Communist Youth Federation
In office
3 April 1975 – 12 June 1980
Preceded by Renzo Imbeni
Succeeded by Marco Fumagalli
Personal details
Born (1949-04-20) 20 April 1949
Rome, Lazio, Italy
Political party Democratic and Progressive Movement
Other political
affiliations		 PCI (1963–1991)
PDS (1991–1998)
DS (1998–2007)
PD (2007–2017)
MDP (2017-present)
Spouse(s) Linda Giuva
Children 2
Website Official website

Massimo D'Alema (Italian pronunciation: [ˈmassimo daˈlɛma]; born 20 April 1949)[1] is an Italian politician who was the 53rd Prime Minister from 1998 to 2000. Later he was Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2006 to 2008. He is also a journalist and served for a time as national secretary of the Democratic Party of the Left (PDS). Sometimes media refers to him as Leader Maximo, due to his first name Massimo, but also for his dominant position in the left-wing coalitions during the Second Republic.[2] Earlier in his career he was a member of the Italian Communist Party, and he was the first former communist to become prime minister of a NATO country.

Biography

Massimo D'Alema was born in Rome on 20 April 1949,[1] the son of Giuseppe D'Alema, a communist politician. He is married to Linda Giuva, a professor at the University of Siena, and has two children, Giulia and Francesco. He later became a notable member of Italian Communist Party (PCI), part of which in 1991 gave origin to the Democratic Party of the Left (PDS), and in 1998 to the Democrats of the Left (DS). In 1998, succeeding Romano Prodi, he became Prime Minister, as the leader of The Olive Tree centre-left coalition. He was the first former Communist to become prime minister of a NATO country and the first Prime Minister of Italy born after Italy became a Republic in 1946.

While D'Alema was Prime Minister, Italy took part in the NATO bombing of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1999. The attack was supported by Silvio Berlusconi and the centre-right opposition, but the far left strongly contested it.

In the internal life of his party, mostly during its transition from PCI to PDS, D'Alema stressed that its roots in Marxism should be renovated, with the aim to create a modern European social-democratic party.

D'Alema during a PD's meeting

He has been the director of L'Unità, formerly the official newspaper of the Italian Communist Party, which subsequently became the newspaper of the Democrats of the Left.

D'Alema was Member of the European Parliament for Southern Italy with the Democrats of the Left, part of the Party of European Socialists group, and sat on the European Parliament's Committee on Fisheries and its Committee on Foreign Affairs, until he stood down following his election to the Italian Chamber of Deputies.

Following Romano Prodi's win in the April 2006 election, D'Alema was initially tipped to become President of the Italian Republic once the Chamber of Deputies reconvened, but D'Alema himself stepped back, endorsing the official candidate of the centre-left coalition, Giorgio Napolitano, who was elected. Immediately following the April 2006 election, he was proposed as the future President of the Chamber of Deputies. The Communist Refoundation Party, however, strongly pushed for Fausto Bertinotti to become the next President. After a couple of days of heated debate, D'Alema stepped back to prevent a fracture between political parties, an act applauded by his allies. The same month, he was appointed as Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs in the new Prodi government. He served in those posts until 2008, when Prodi's government fell and Berlusconi's right-wing coalition prevailed in the election that followed in April 2008. D'Alema was re-elected to the Chamber of Deputies in this election as part of the recently formed Democratic Party.[1]

2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict

While Italian Foreign Minister in the 2006–2008 Romano Prodi center-left government, Massimo D'Alema took a very pro-active diplomatic stance during the 2006 Lebanon War. Italy led negotiations with the Israeli foreign minister Tzipi Livni and was proposed by Israel to head the multinational peacekeeping mission Unifil, although the dangers of the mission for Italian troops sparked warnings from the center-right opposition that it could prove a "kamikaze" mission, with the peacekeepers sandwiched between Israel and the well-armed Hezbollah.[3] D’Alema pledged Italy’s willingness to enforce the United Nations resolution on Lebanon and urged other European Union member states to do the same because the stability of the Middle East should be a chief concern for Europeans.[4]

On the European scene

Massimo D'Alema with Condoleezza Rice

D'Alema was briefly a Member of the European Parliament from 2004 to 2006. Since 2003 he has been member of the scientific committee of Michel Rocard and Dominique Strauss-Kahn's association "A gauche en Europe". He still figures on the European scene; he signed the Soros letter ('As concerned Europeans') and has called for a stronger European integration.[5]

Since 30 June 2010 D'Alema has been the president of the Foundation for European Progressive Studies (FEPS), the political foundation of the Party of European Socialists.[6]

Education

Career

Party

Institutions

Awards

See also: European Parliament election, 2004 (Italy)

Books

Massimo D'Alema published eight books, half of which with Mondadori, which is controlled by Fininvest, the family holding company of Silvio Berlusconi.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Page on D'Alema at Chamber of Deputies website". Camera.it. Retrieved 2013-07-01.
  2. ↑ Ue, un posto per il leader maxi o D'Alema
  3. ↑ "Italy to send up to 3,000 troops to Lebanon, largest pledge so far". Haaretz. 22 August 2006. Retrieved 22 August 2006.
  4. ↑ Smith, Craig S. (24 August 2006). "France Pledges More Troops to Lebanon". New York Times. Retrieved 12 May 2010.
  5. ↑ "As concerned Europeans we urge eurozone leaders to unite, 12 October 2011". Ft.com. 2011-10-12. Retrieved 2013-07-01.
  6. ↑ Massimo D'ALEMA : President of FEPS. Feps-europe.eu. Retrieved on 2013-08-24.
Party political offices
Preceded by
Achille Occhetto		 Secretary of the Democratic Party of the Left
1994–1998 		Position abolished
New office Secretary of the Democrats of the Left
1998 		Succeeded by
Walter Veltroni
Preceded by
Giglia Tedesco Tatò		 President of the Democrats of the Left
1998–2007 		Position abolished
Political offices
Preceded by
Romano Prodi		 Prime Minister of Italy
1998–2000 		Succeeded by
Giuliano Amato
Preceded by
Gianfranco Fini		 Minister of Foreign Affairs
2006–2008 		Succeeded by
Franco Frattini
Preceded by
Francesco Rutelli		 President of COPASIR
2010–2013 		Succeeded by
Giacomo Stucchi
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