Mureș (river)
| Mureș/Maros | |
 The Mureș in Arad | |
| Countries | Romania, Hungary |
|---|---|
| Tributaries | |
| - left | Târnava, Sebeș |
| - right | Arieș |
| Cities | Arad, Târgu Mureș, Szeged |
| Source | Carpathian Mountains |
| - location | Izvorul Mureșului, Harghita County, Romania |
| - elevation | 850 m (2,789 ft) |
| - coordinates | 46°36′55″N 25°37′2″E / 46.61528°N 25.61722°E |
| Mouth | Tisza |
| - location | Szeged, Csongrád County, Hungary |
| - elevation | 75 m (246 ft) |
| - coordinates | 46°15′6″N 20°11′39″E / 46.25167°N 20.19417°ECoordinates: 46°15′6″N 20°11′39″E / 46.25167°N 20.19417°E |
| Length | 789 km (490 mi) |
| Basin | 30,332 km2 (11,711 sq mi) |
| Discharge | for Makó |
| - average | 184 m3/s (6,498 cu ft/s) |
| Progression | Tisza→ Danube→ Black Sea |
 Map of the Mureș basin | |
| [1][2] | |
The Mureș (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈmureʃ]; Hungarian: Maros, Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈmɒroʃ]; Latin: Marisus; Serbian: Moriš; Serbian Cyrillic: Мориш; German: Mieresch, Marosch or Muresch; Turkish: Maroş or Muriş) is a 789-kilometre-long (490 mi) river in Eastern Europe. Its drainage basin covers an area of 30,332 km2 (11,711 sq mi).[2]:22 It originates in the Hășmașu Mare Range in the Eastern Carpathian Mountains, Romania, rising close to the headwaters of the Olt River, and joins the Tisza at Szeged in southeastern Hungary.
The Mureș River flows through the Romanian counties Harghita, Mureș, Alba, Hunedoara, Arad and Timiș, and the Hungarian county Csongrád. The largest cities on the Mureș/Maros are Târgu Mureș, Alba Iulia, Deva and Arad in Romania, and Szeged in Hungary.
The Mureș was known as the river Marisus in classical antiquity. It was also known in German as the Mieresch and Marosch owing to Transylvanian Saxon settlements and prior Austrian Habsburg rule. Salt used to be traded in medieval times on the river on large rafts.
The Hungarian reaches of the Mureș/Maros are 73 km (45 mi) long as the state border. Some 28.5 km2 (11.0 sq mi) on the northern side of the river are protected as part of the Körös-Maros National Park. The Maros Floodplain Protected Area consists of gallery forests, floodplain meadows and 0.6 km2 (0.23 sq mi) of forest reserve near Szeged.
Name
The river is known to be first mentioned by Herodotus in 484 BC bearing the name Maris.
It is also mentioned in 948 AD, in a document of the Byzantine Emperor Constantine VII, under the name Muresis (Mureios)[3]
Towns and villages
The following towns are situated along the river Mureș, from source to mouth: Toplița, Reghin, Târgu Mureș, Luduș, Ocna Mureș, Aiud, Teiuș, Alba Iulia, Geoagiu, Orăștie, Simeria, Deva, Lipova, Arad, Nădlac (all in Romania), Makó, Szeged (both in Hungary).
The Mureș flows through the following communes (grouped by counties, from source to mouth):
- Harghita County: Voșlăbeni, Suseni, Joseni, Remetea, Subcetate, Sărmaș, Gălăuțaș, Toplița
- Mureș County: Stânceni, Lunca Bradului, Răstolița, Deda, Rușii-Munți, Aluniș, Brâncovenești, Ideciu de Jos, Suseni, Reghin, Petelea, Gornești, Glodeni, Ernei, Sântana de Mureș, Sângeorgiu de Mureș, Târgu Mureș, Sâncraiu de Mureș, Cristești, Pănet, Ungheni, Sânpaul, Iernut, Cuci, Bogata, Luduș, Chețani
- Alba County: Noșlac, Lunca Mureșului, Ocna Mureș, Unirea, Mirăslău, Aiud, Rădești, Teiuș, Sântimbru, Ciugud, Alba Iulia, Vințu de Jos, Blandiana, Săliștea, Șibot
- Hunedoara County: Geoagiu, Orăștie, Turdaș, Rapoltu Mare, Simeria, Hărău, Deva, Șoimuș, Vețel, Brănișca, Ilia, Gurasada, Dobra, Burjuc, Zam
- Arad County: Petriș, Săvârșin, Birchiș, Vărădia de Mureș, Bata, Bârzava, Conop, Ususău, Lipova, Păuliș, Frumușeni, Fântânele, Vladimirescu, Arad, Zădăreni, Felnac, Pecica, Secusigiu, Semlac, Șeitin, Nădlac
- Timiș County: Periam, Sânpetru Mare, Sânnicolau Mare, Cenad
- Csongrád County: Nagylak, Magyarcsanád, Apátfalva, Makó, Kiszombor, Ferencszállás, Maroslele, Klárafalva, Deszk, Szeged
Tributaries
The following rivers are tributaries to the river Mureș:
Left: Cărbunele Negru, Senetea, Fierăstrăul, Șumuleul Mare, Borzontul Mare, Borzontul Mic, Bacta, Limbuș, Pârâul Pietrei, Eseniu, Martonca, Gălăuțaș, Măgheruș, Gudea, Sălard, Peșcoasa Mare, Iod, Borzia, Sebeș, Idicel, Deleni, Gurghiu, Beica, Habic, Petrilaca, Terebici, Pocloș, Niraj, Sărata, Șeulia, Ațântiș, Fărău, Ciunga, Șesul Băgăului, Rât, Târnava, Hăpria, Sebeș, Pianu, Cioara, Cugir, Vaidei, Romos, Orăștie, Turdaș, Strei, Tâmpa, Cerna, Herepeia, Căoi, Vulcez, Leșnic, Săcămaș, Plaiu, Dobra, Abucea, Ohaba, Sălciva, Peștiș, Somonița, Izvor, Suliniș, Pârâul Mare, Șiștarovăț, Sinicoț
Right: Voșlăbeni, Strâmba, Belcina, Lăzarea, Ditrău, Faier, Mogoș, Jolotca, Filipea, Sărmaș, Ciucic, Toplița, Călimănel, Mermezeu, Zebracu, Neagra, Ilva, Răstolița, Gălăoaia, Bistra, Râpa, Luț, Șar, Voiniceni, Cuieșd, Lechința, Pârâul de Câmpie, Arieș, Unirea, Ciugud, Ormeniș, Mirăslău, Lopadea, Aiud, Gârbova, Geoagiu, Galda, Ampoi, Pâclișa, Vinț, Blandiana, Băcăinți, Homorod, Geoagiu, Boiu, Bobâlna, Lazu, Vărmaga, Certej, Boholt, Căian, Boz, Sârbi, Băcișoara, Gurasada, Zam, Almaș, Petriș, Troaș, Vinești, Stejar, Julița, Grosul, Monoroștia, Bârzava, Nadăș, Conop, Cornic, Milova, Șoimoș, Radna, Cladova, Száraz-ér
Images
Mureș (Maros) river near Șoimuș, Romania .JPG)
Mureș river near Ilia, Romania .JPG)
Mureș river near Lipova, Romania
See also
- List of longest rivers of Romania
- Tributaries of Mureș River (Romanian and Hungarian names)
- List of rivers of Europe
References
- ↑ "Mureș river Info". Retrieved November 6, 2014.
- 1 2 Analysis of the Tisza River Basin 2007, IPCDR
- ↑ Béla Köpeczi, History of Transylvania: From the beginnings to 1606.
External links
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mureș River. |
- Administrația Națională Apelor Române - Cadastrul Apelor - București
- Institutul de Meteorologie și Hidrologie - Rîurile României - București 1971
- Trasee turistice - județul Mureș