Marie Anne Lenormand

Marie Anne Lenormand
Born Marie Anne Adelaide Lenormand
(1772-05-27)27 May 1772
Alençon, Normandy, France
Died 25 June 1843(1843-06-25) (aged 71)
Paris, Île-de-France, France
Nationality France
Occupation Fortune teller, writer
Parent(s) Jean Louis Antoine Lenormand, Marie Anne Lenormand (neé Gilbert)

Marie Anne Adelaide Lenormand (1772–1843) was a French professional fortune-teller of considerable fame during the Napoleonic era. In France Lenormand is considered the greatest cartomancer of all time, highly influential on the wave of French cartomancy that began in the late 18th century.

Early life

Lenormand was born on 27 May 1772 in Alençon, Normandy, to Jean Louis Antoine Lenormand, a draper, and Marie Anne Lenormand (née Gilbert). Lenormand was orphaned at the age of five and educated in a convent school. Lenormand left Alençon for Paris in 1786.[1]

Career

Lenormand claimed to have given cartomantic advice to many famous persons, among them leaders of the French revolution (Marat, Robespierre and St-Just), Empress Josephine and Tsar Alexander I. She was active for more than 40 years.

In 1814 Lenormand started a second literary career and published many texts, causing many public controversies. She was imprisoned more than once, though never for very long.

Death

Lenormand died in Paris on 25 June 1843 and is buried in Division 3 of Père Lachaise Cemetery.[2][3] She left behind a fortune of 500,000 Francs, and left no heirs other than a nephew who, at the time of her death, was in the army.[4] A devout Catholic, her nephew burned all of Mme. Lenormand's occult paraphernalia; taking only the monetary fortune that she left behind.

Works

Possibly author of

Lenormand cards

After Lenormand's death her name was used on several cartomancy decks including a deck of 36 illustrated cards known as the Petit Lenormand or simply Lenormand cards still used extensively today. The 36 card Lenormand deck is modelled on a deck of cards published c1799 as part of Das Spiel der Hoffnung (The Game of Hope), a game of chance designed by Johann Kaspar Hechtel of Nuremberg.[5][6][7][8][9]

References

  1. ↑ Decker, Ronald; Depaulis, Thierry; Dummett, Michael (1996). A Wicked Pack of Cards: The Origins of the Occult Tarot. London: Gerald Duckworth and Company. p. 119. ISBN 9780715627136.
  2. ↑ Decker, Ronald; Depaulis, Thierry; Dummett, Michael (1996). A Wicked Pack of Cards: The Origins of the Occult Tarot. London: Gerald Duckworth and Company. p. 132. ISBN 9780715627136.
  3. ↑ "Marie Anne Lenormand". Find A Grave. Retrieved 11 September 2012.
  4. ↑ The Illustrated London News, 1 July 1843.
  5. ↑ Hoffmann, Detlef; Kroppenstedt, Erika (1972). Wahrsagekarten: Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des Okkultismus. Bielefeld: Deutsches Spielkarten Museum. pp. 17, 21.
  6. ↑ O'Donoghue, Freeman Marius (1901). Catalogue of the Collection of Playing Cards Bequeathed to the Trustees of the British Museum by the late Lady Charlotte Schreiber. London: British Museum.
  7. ↑ Decker, Ronald; Depaulis, Thierry; Dummett, Michael (1996). A Wicked Pack of Cards: The Origins of the Occult Tarot. London: Gerald Duckworth and Company. pp. 141, 282. ISBN 9780715627136.
  8. ↑ Humoristische Blätter für Kopf und Herz. Nuremberg: Gustav Philipp Jakob Bieling. 1799.
  9. ↑ Will, Georg Andreas; Nopitsch, Christian Conrad (1805). Nürnbergisches Gelehrten-Lexicon: Sechster Theil von H-M. Altdorf bei Nürnberg.
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