Margaret's batis
| Margaret's batis | |
|---|---|
.jpg) | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Platysteiridae |
| Genus: | Batis |
| Species: | B. margaritae |
| Binomial name | |
| Batis margaritae Boulton, 1934 | |
Margaret's batis or Boulton's batis (Batis margaritae) is a species of small bird in the wattle-eyes family, Platysteiridae. It is found in south western central Africa.
Description
Margaret's batis is a small, mainly black and white shrike-like bird with a black face mask and reddish eye, in a mainly dark grey head. They have white underparts with a broad black breast band in both sexes, with black wings which are marked in the male with a white wing stripe while the female has a rufous wing stripe. The tail is black with white outer tail feathers. Juveniles resemble the females but are duller and have brown eye. The bill and legs are black.[2] They measure 11–12 cm in length and weigh 11·5–15·5 g.[3]
Voice
Margaret's batis is known to make various whistles and churring calls. The territorial call is a repeated, soft, thin "hoo-hoo-hoo-hooit-hooit-hooit" which varies in length. The female and male duet with a tweeting call.[2]
Distribution and subspecies
There are currently two recognised subspecies of Margaret's batis, they arelisted below,[4] with a summary of their distributions:[3]
- Batis margaritae margaritae Boulton, 1934 – Mount Moco in western Angola.
- Batis margaritae kathleenae C. M. N. White, 1941 – southern Democratic Republic of Congo in southern Katanga and north western Zambia; possibly also in the extreme east of Angola, in eastern Moxico.
Habitat and habits
Margaret's batis occurs mostly in forests dominated by Cryptosepalum spp but also occurs in other types of dry evergreen forest, riverine forest and secondary scrub growth. It is usually found in pairs and it is thought that its social behaviour is similar to that of other batises. It forages in trees and is not as restless as many of its congeners when foraging, often staying still for up to a minute. It joins mixed foraging flocks, often in the company of chinspot batises. In Zambia there appear to be local movements out of Cryptosepalum forest during the November to April rainy season.[2]
The breeding biology of Margaret's batis is little known. A nest was observed on Mount Moco in 2010 when a single nest containing two eggs was found in the fork of a 1m tall sapling in an area of dense undergrowth at an altitude of 2390m was attended by a pair of Margaret's batis. The nest was placed at a height of around 90 cm from the ground, The inside of the nest cup was lined with very thin strips of grass, while the outside consisted of fine grass and mosses bound with spider’s web, with small pieces of lichen attached to the spiders webs. The construction and dimensions of the nest are very similar to those of other batises.[5]
Name
The species was named by the American zoologist Wolfrid Rudyerd Boulton and its binomial name honours Margaret Kernochan Pulitzer née Leech (1893-1974) wife of Ralph Pulitzer, Margaret, as does one of the common names.[6]
References
- ↑ "Batis margaritae". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Retrieved 2016-11-05.
- 1 2 3 Harris, Tony; Franklin, Kim (2000). Shrikes and Bush-shrikes. Christopher Helm. pp. 299–301. ISBN 0-7136-3861-3.
- 1 2 "Boulton's Batis (Batis margaritae)". Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions. Retrieved 2016-11-05.
- ↑ "Batis margaritae Boulton, 1934". Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) (http://www.itis.gov). Retrieved 2016-11-05.
- ↑ Mills, Michael S. L; Vaz, Alexandre (2011). "The nest and eggs of Margaret’s Batis Batis margaritae" (PDF). Bulletin of the British Ornithologists Club. 131 (3): 208–210.
- ↑ Boulton, Wolfrid Rudyerd (1934). "New birds from Angola". Proceedings of The Biological Society of Washington. 47: 45–48.