Mangifera
| Mangifera | |
|---|---|
 | |
| M. indica fruits | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida |
| (unranked): | Rosids |
| Order: | Sapindales |
| Family: | Anacardiaceae |
| Subfamily: | Anacardioideae |
| Genus: | Mangifera L. |
| Synonyms | |
Mangifera is a genus of flowering plants in the cashew family, Anacardiaceae. It contains approximately 69 species, with the best-known being the Common Mango (Mangifera indica). The center of diversity is in subtropical and tropical South Asia and Southeast Asia, while the highest number of species occur in India. They are generally canopy trees in lowland rainforests, reaching a height of 30–40 m (98–131 ft).[3]
Uses
Mangifera species are widely cultivated in Asia and elsewhere. More than 27 species in the genus bear edible, fleshy fruits, especially the Common Mango (M. indica). Others, such as M. foetida, yield astringent fruits that can be eaten pickled.[4]
Fossil record
The earliest fossil species thought to be related to Mangifera is Eomangiferophyllum damalgiriense from the upper Paleocene of northeastern India. Leaves have also been reported from the Paleocene of Japan and the Eocene of Germany. Leaf compressions with a close affinity to Mangifera have been collected from Oligocene or early Miocene sediments in northern Thailand.[5][6]
Species
Of these 10 are accepted species names.
- Mangifera acutigemma Kosterm.; Unresolved[7]
- Mangifera africana Oliv.; Unresolved; Synonym of Fegimanra africana (Oliv.) Pierre.[8]
- Mangifera altissima Blanco; Unresolved[9]
- Mangifera amba Forssk.; Unresolved[10]
- Mangifera andamanica King; Unresolved[11]
- Mangifera anisodora Blanco; Unresolved[12]
- Mangifera applanata Kosterm.; Unresolved[13]
- Mangifera austro-indica Kosterm.; Unresolved[14]
- Mangifera austro-yunnanensis Hu; Synonym of M. indica[15]
- Mangifera axillaris Desr.; Unresolved; Synonym of Buchanania cochinchinensis (Lour.) M.R.Almeida[16]
- Mangifera blommesteinii Kosterm.; Unresolved [17]
- Mangifera bullata Kosterm. Unresolved [18]
- Mangifera caesia Jack Accepted [19]
- Mangifera campnospermoides Kosterm. unresolved [20]
- Mangifera camptosperma Pierre Unresolved [21]
- Mangifera casturi Kosterm.; Accepted [22]
- Mangifera collina Kosterm. Unresolved [23]
- Mangifera decandra Ding Hou; Unresolved [24]
- Mangifera dewildei Kosterm. unresolved [25]
- Mangifera dongnaiensis Pierre
- Mangifera flava Evrard Unresolved [26]
- Mangifera foetida Lour. Unresolved [27]
- Mangifera gedebi Miq. unresolved [28]
- Mangifera gracilipes Hook.f. Unresolved [29]
- Mangifera griffithii Hook.f. Unresolved [30]
- Mangifera hiemalis J.Y. Liang Synonym of M. persiciforma[31]
- Mangifera indica L. Accepted [32]
- Mangifera kemanga Blume Unresolved [33]
- Mangifera lalijiwa Kosterm. Unresolved [34]
- Mangifera laurina Blume Accepted [35]
- Mangifera linearifolia (Mukh.) Kosterm. Accepted [36]
- Mangifera macrocarpa Blume Unresolved [37]
- Mangifera magnifica Kochummen Unresolved [38]
- Mangifera merrllii Mukherji Unresolved [39]
- Mangifera minutifolia Evrard Unresolved [40]
- Mangifera monandra Merr. Unresolved [41]
- Mangifera nicobarica Kosterm. Unresolved [42]
- Mangifera odorata Griff. Accepted [43]
- Mangifera orophila Kosterm. Unresolved [44]
- Mangifera pajang Kosterm. Unresolved [45]
- Mangifera paludosa Kosterm. Unresolved [46]
- Mangifera parvifolia Boerl. & Koord. Unresolved [47]
- Mangifera pedicellata Kosterm. Unresolved [48]
- Mangifera pentandra Hook.f. Unresolved [49]
- Mangifera persiciformis C.Y. Wu & T.L. Ming; Accepted (Mangifera persiciforma) C.Y. Wu & T.L. Ming [50]
- Mangifera pseudoindica Kosterm. Unresolved [51]
- Mangifera quadrifida Jack ex Wall. unresolved [52]
- Mangifera reba Pierre. Unresolved [53]
- Mangifera rubropetala Kosterm. Accepted [54]
- Mangifera rufocostata Kosterm. Unresolved [55]
- Mangifera siamensis Warb. ex W. G. Craib Accepted [56]
- Mangifera similis Blume Unresolved [57]
- Mangifera sumbawaensis Kosterm. Unresolved [58]
- Mangifera superba Hook.f. Unresolved [59]
- Mangifera swintonioides Kosterm. Unresolved [60]
- Mangifera sylvatica Roxb. Accepted [61]
- Mangifera taipa Buch.-Ham. Unresolved [62]
- Mangifera torquenda Kosterm. Unresolved [63]
- Mangifera transversalis Kosterm. Unresolved [64]
- Mangifera zeylanica (Blume) Hook.f. [65] Unresolved [66]
Formerly placed here
- Bouea oppositifolia (Roxb.) Meisn. (as M. oppositifolia Roxb.)
- Elaeodendron glaucum (Rottb.) Pers. (as M. glauca Rottb.)
- Irvingia gabonensis (Aubry-Lecomte ex O'Rorke) Baill. (as M. gabonensis Aubry-Lecomte ex O'Rorke)
- Spondias pinnata (J.Koenig ex L.f.) Kurz (as M. pinnata J.Koenig ex L.f.)[65]
References
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mangifera. |
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Wikispecies has information related to: Mangifera |
- ↑ "Genus: Mangifera L.". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2009-11-23. Retrieved 2010-02-12.
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/1.1/browse/A/Anacardiaceae/Phanrangia/
- ↑ Litz, Richard E.; Miguel A. Gómez-Lim (2005). "Mangifera indica Mango". In Richard E. Litz. Biotechnology of Fruit and Nut Crops. CABI. pp. 40–41. ISBN 978-0-85199-662-2.
- ↑ Litz, Richard E. (2009). The Mango: Botany, Production and Uses (2 ed.). CABI. pp. 5–8. ISBN 978-1-84593-489-7.
- ↑ http://www.amjbot.org/content/96/11/2048.full
- ↑ https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Rakesh_Mehrotra/publication/237346625_A_palaeogene_Mangifera_-_Like_leaf_fossil_from_India/links/0f317537eeacca0e68000000.pdf?inViewer=0&pdfJsDownload=0&origin=publication_detail
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2364945
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2364961
- ↑ The Plant List M. altissima
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2364938
- ↑ The Plant List: M. andamanica
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2362905
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2362906
- ↑ The Plant List: M. austroindica
- ↑ The Plant List M. austroyunnanensis
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2362901
- ↑ The Plant List M. blommesteinii
- ↑ The Plant List: M. bullata
- ↑ The Plant List M. caesia
- ↑ The Plant List M. campnospermoides
- ↑ The Plant List M. camptosperma
- ↑ The Plant List M. casturi
- ↑ The Plant List M. collina
- ↑ The Plant List M. decandra
- ↑ The Plant List M. dewildei
- ↑ The Plant List M. flava
- ↑ The Plant List M. foetida
- ↑ The Plant List M. gedebi
- ↑ The Plant List M. gracilipes
- ↑ The Plant List M. griffithii
- ↑ The Plant List M. hiemalis
- ↑ The Plant List M. indica
- ↑ The Plant List M. kemanga
- ↑ The Plant List M. lalijiwa
- ↑ The Plant List M. laurina
- ↑ The Plant List M. lineariflia
- ↑ The Plant List M. macrocarpa
- ↑ The Plant List Mangifera magnifica
- ↑ The Plant List M. merrillii
- ↑ The Plant List
- ↑ The Plant List M. monandra
- ↑ The Plant List M. nicobarica
- ↑ The Plant List M. odorata
- ↑ The Plant List M. orophila
- ↑ The Plant List M. pajang
- ↑ The Plant List M. paludosa
- ↑ The Plant List M. parvifolia
- ↑ The Plant List M. pedicellata
- ↑ The Plant List M. pentandra
- ↑ The Plant List M. persiciforma
- ↑ The Plant List M. pseudoindica
- ↑ The Plant List M. quadrifida
- ↑ The Plant List M. reba
- ↑ The Plant List M. rubropetala
- ↑ The Plant List M. rufocostata
- ↑ The Plant List M. siamensis
- ↑ The Plant List M. similis
- ↑ The Plant List M. sumbawaensis
- ↑ The Plant List M. superba
- ↑ The Plant List M. swintonioides
- ↑ The Plant List M. sylvatica
- ↑ The Plant List M. taipa
- ↑ The Plant List M. torquenda
- ↑ The Plant List M. transversalis
- 1 2 "GRIN Species Records of Mangifera". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2011-02-04.
- ↑ The Plant List M. zeylanica
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