Malabar District

Malabar District
മലബാര് ജില്ല
District of the Madras Presidency
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1792–1957 →
 
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Malabar district and taluks
Capital Calicut
History
 • Territories ceded by Tipu Sultan 1792
 • Divided into the three districts of Kozhikode, Palakkad, and Kannur 1957
Area
 • 1901 15,009 km2 (5,795 sq mi)
Population
 • 1901 2,800,555 
Density 186.6 /km2  (483.3 /sq mi)
Public Domain This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "article name needed". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. 

Malabar District was an administrative district of Madras Presidency in British India and independent India's Madras State. The British district included the present-day districts of Kannur, Kozhikode, Wayanad, Malappuram, Palakkad (excluding the Alathur and Chittur Taluks), and Chavakad Taluk of Thrissur District (former part of Ponnani Taluk) in the northern part of Kerala state. The district lay between the Arabian Sea on the west, South Canara District on the north, the Western Ghats to the east, and the princely state of Cochin to the south. The district covered an area of 15,009 square kilometres (5,795 sq mi), and extended 233 km (145 mi) along the coast and 40–120 kilometers (25–75 miles) inland. The name Mala-bar means the "hillside slopes". Kozhikode is considered as the capital of Malabar.

History

Most of Malabar District was included among the territories ceded to the British East India Company in 1792 by Tipu Sultan of Mysore at the conclusion of the Third Anglo-Mysore War; Wayanad was ceded in 1799 at the conclusion of the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War. The region was organized into a district of Madras Presidency. The administrative headquarters were at Calicut (Kozhikode). After Indian independence, Madras Presidency was reorganized into Madras state, which was divided along linguistic lines on 1 November 1956, when Malabar District was merged with erstwhile Kasaragod Taluk immediately to the north and the state of Travancore-Cochin to the south to form the state of Kerala. Malabar District was divided into the three districts of Kozhikode, Palakkad, and Kannur on 1 January 1957. Malappuram District was created from parts of Kozhikode and Palakkad in 1969, and Wayanad District was created in 1980 from parts of Kozhikode and Kannur.

The name Malabar was not in general use until the arrival of the Europeans. The word is derived from the Malayalam word "mala-baram". Mala in Malayalam means "hill". Varam means "slope" or "side of a hill". In Northern Kerala, where Malabar proper is located, words that start in Southern Malayalam/Tamil with the letter "V" tend to be pronounced with the letter "B". Thus, Malabar comes from the Northern Malayalam words Mala-Bar(am) meaning "hillside land".

Geography

The district was widely scattered and consists of the following parts:-

Taluks

Modern day Taluks in erstwhile Malabar

Kannur District

  1. Taliparamba
  2. Kannur
  3. Thalassery
  4. Iritty

Wayanad District

  1. Mananthavady
  2. Sulthan Bathery
  3. Vythiri (Kalpetta)

Kozhikode District

  1. Vatakara
  2. Koyilandy
  3. Kozhikode
  4. Thamarassery

Malappuram District

  1. Tirurangadi
  2. Eranad (Manjeri)
  3. Nilambur
  4. Perinthalmanna
  5. Tirur
  6. Ponnani

Palakkad District

  1. Mannarkkad
  2. Ottappalam
  3. Palakkad
  4. Pattambi

Thrissur District

  1. Chavakkad

Note: Kasaragod and Hosdurg taluks in Kasaragod district are sometimes considered as part of Malabar region, however not part of erstwhile Malabar district. They were a part of South Kanara district with the taluk headquarters at Kasaragod.

Representatives from Malabar to Madras State

Cuisine

The Malabar cuisine depicts it culture and heritage. It is famous for Malabar biriyani. The city is also famous for Haluva called as Sweet Meat by Europeans due to the texture of the sweet. Kozhikode has a main road in the town named Mittai Theruvu (Sweet Meat Street, or S.M. Street for short). It derived this name from the numerous haluva stores which used to dot the street.

Another speciality is banana chips, which are made crisp and wafer-thin. Other popular dishes include seafood preparations (prawns, mussels, mackerel) . Vegetarian fare includes the sadya.

However, the newer generation is more inclined towards to Chinese and American food. Chinese food is very popular among the locals.

See also

References

    Coordinates: 12°00′38″N 75°16′13″E / 12.010650°N 75.270390°E / 12.010650; 75.270390

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