MYH9

MYH9
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesMYH9, BDPLT6, DFNA17, EPSTS, FTNS, MHA, NMHC-II-A, NMMHC-IIA, NMMHCA, myosin, heavy chain 9, non-muscle, myosin heavy chain 9
External IDsMGI: 107717 HomoloGene: 129835 GeneCards: MYH9
Gene location (Human)
Chr.Chromosome 22 (human)[1]
BandNo data availableStart36,281,281 bp[1]
End36,388,018 bp[1]
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

4627

17886

Ensembl

ENSG00000100345

ENSMUSG00000022443

UniProt

P35579
Q5BKV1

Q8VDD5

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_002473

NM_022410

RefSeq (protein)

NP_002464
NP_002464.1

NP_071855

Location (UCSC)Chr 22: 36.28 – 36.39 MbChr 22: 77.76 – 77.84 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Myosin, heavy chain 9, non-muscle is a protein which in humans is encoded by the MYH9 gene.[5][6]

Clinical significance

MYH9 polymorphisms have been shown to associate with glomerulosclerosis[7] and non-diabetic end stage renal disease[8] in African Americans and in Hispanic Americans,[9] though it was later shown that two independent variants in the nearby APOL1 gene were responsible for the increased risk of disease.[10][11]

Model organisms

Model organisms have been used in the study of MYH9 function. A conditional knockout mouse line, called Myh9tm1a(EUCOMM)Wtsi[16][17] was generated as part of the International Knockout Mouse Consortium program — a high-throughput mutagenesis project to generate and distribute animal models of disease to interested scientists.[18][19][20]

Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen to determine the effects of deletion.[14][21] Twenty six tests were carried out on mutant mice and two significant abnormalities were observed.[14] No homozygous mutant embryos were identified during gestation, and therefore none survived until weaning. The remaining tests were carried out on heterozygous mutant adult mice; no additional significant abnormalities were observed in these animals.[14]

Interactions

MYH9 has been shown to interact with PRKCE.[22]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000100345 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000022443 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ↑ "Human PubMed Reference:".
  4. ↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:".
  5. ↑ Simons M, Wang M, McBride OW, Kawamoto S, Yamakawa K, Gdula D, Adelstein RS, Weir L (August 1991). "Human nonmuscle myosin heavy chains are encoded by two genes located on different chromosomes". Circulation Research. 69 (2): 530–9. PMID 1860190. doi:10.1161/01.res.69.2.530.
  6. ↑ Lalwani AK, Goldstein JA, Kelley MJ, Luxford W, Castelein CM, Mhatre AN (November 2000). "Human nonsyndromic hereditary deafness DFNA17 is due to a mutation in nonmuscle myosin MYH9". American Journal of Human Genetics. 67 (5): 1121–8. PMC 1288554 Freely accessible. PMID 11023810. doi:10.1016/S0002-9297(07)62942-5.
  7. ↑ Kopp JB, Smith MW, Nelson GW, Johnson RC, Freedman BI, Bowden DW, Oleksyk T, McKenzie LM, Kajiyama H, Ahuja TS, Berns JS, Briggs W, Cho ME, Dart RA, Kimmel PL, Korbet SM, Michel DM, Mokrzycki MH, Schelling JR, Simon E, Trachtman H, Vlahov D, Winkler CA (October 2008). "MYH9 is a major-effect risk gene for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis". Nature Genetics. 40 (10): 1175–84. PMC 2827354 Freely accessible. PMID 18794856. doi:10.1038/ng.226.
  8. ↑ Kao WH, Klag MJ, Meoni LA, Reich D, Berthier-Schaad Y, Li M, Coresh J, Patterson N, Tandon A, Powe NR, Fink NE, Sadler JH, Weir MR, Abboud HE, Adler SG, Divers J, Iyengar SK, Freedman BI, Kimmel PL, Knowler WC, Kohn OF, Kramp K, Leehey DJ, Nicholas SB, Pahl MV, Schelling JR, Sedor JR, Thornley-Brown D, Winkler CA, Smith MW & Parekh RS (October 2008). "MYH9 is associated with nondiabetic end-stage renal disease in African Americans". Nature Genetics. 40 (10): 1185–92. PMC 2614692 Freely accessible. PMID 18794854. doi:10.1038/ng.232.
  9. ↑ Behar DM, Rosset S, Tzur S, Selig S, Yudkovsky G, Bercovici S, Kopp JB, Winkler CA, Nelson GW, Wasser WG, Skorecki K (May 2010). "African ancestry allelic variation at the MYH9 gene contributes to increased susceptibility to non-diabetic end-stage kidney disease in Hispanic Americans". Human Molecular Genetics. 19 (9): 1816–27. PMC 2850615 Freely accessible. PMID 20144966. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddq040.
  10. ↑ Genovese G, Friedman DJ, Ross MD, Lecordier L, Uzureau P, Freedman BI, Bowden DW, Langefeld CD, Oleksyk TK, Uscinski Knob AL, Bernhardy AJ, Hicks PJ, Nelson GW, Vanhollebeke B, Winkler CA, Kopp JB, Pays E, Pollak MR (August 2010). "Association of trypanolytic ApoL1 variants with kidney disease in African Americans". Science. 329 (5993): 841–5. PMC 2980843 Freely accessible. PMID 20647424. doi:10.1126/science.1193032.
  11. ↑ Tzur S, Rosset S, Shemer R, Yudkovsky G, Selig S, Tarekegn A, Bekele E, Bradman N, Wasser WG, Behar DM, Skorecki K (September 2010). "Missense mutations in the APOL1 gene are highly associated with end stage kidney disease risk previously attributed to the MYH9 gene". Human Genetics. 128 (3): 345–50. PMC 2921485 Freely accessible. PMID 20635188. doi:10.1007/s00439-010-0861-0.
  12. ↑ "Salmonella infection data for Myh9". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
  13. ↑ "Citrobacter infection data for Myh9". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
  14. 1 2 3 4 Gerdin AK (2010). "The Sanger Mouse Genetics Programme: High throughput characterisation of knockout mice". Acta Ophthalmologica. 88: 925–7. doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.4142.x.
  15. ↑ Mouse Resources Portal, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
  16. ↑ "International Knockout Mouse Consortium".
  17. ↑ "Mouse Genome Informatics".
  18. ↑ Skarnes WC, Rosen B, West AP, Koutsourakis M, Bushell W, Iyer V, Mujica AO, Thomas M, Harrow J, Cox T, Jackson D, Severin J, Biggs P, Fu J, Nefedov M, de Jong PJ, Stewart AF, Bradley A (June 2011). "A conditional knockout resource for the genome-wide study of mouse gene function". Nature. 474 (7351): 337–42. PMC 3572410 Freely accessible. PMID 21677750. doi:10.1038/nature10163.
  19. ↑ Dolgin E (June 2011). "Mouse library set to be knockout". Nature. 474 (7351): 262–3. PMID 21677718. doi:10.1038/474262a.
  20. ↑ Collins FS, Rossant J, Wurst W (January 2007). "A mouse for all reasons". Cell. 128 (1): 9–13. PMID 17218247. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.12.018.
  21. ↑ van der Weyden L, White JK, Adams DJ, Logan DW (June 2011). "The mouse genetics toolkit: revealing function and mechanism". Genome Biology. 12 (6): 224. PMC 3218837 Freely accessible. PMID 21722353. doi:10.1186/gb-2011-12-6-224.
  22. ↑ England K, Ashford D, Kidd D, Rumsby M (June 2002). "PKC epsilon is associated with myosin IIA and actin in fibroblasts". Cellular Signalling. 14 (6): 529–36. PMID 11897493. doi:10.1016/S0898-6568(01)00277-7.

Further reading

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

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