Lysine riboswitch

A 3D representation of the lysine riboswitch with a bound lysine molecule shown in space filling spheres.[1]
Lysine riboswitch

Predicted secondary structure and sequence conservation of Lysine riboswitch
Identifiers
Symbol Lysine
Rfam RF00168
Other data
RNA type Cis-reg; riboswitch
Domain(s) Bacteria
SO 0000035

The Lysine riboswitch is a metabolite binding RNA element found within certain messenger RNAs that serve as a precision sensor for the amino acid lysine. Allosteric rearrangement of mRNA structure is mediated by ligand binding, and this results in modulation of gene expression.[2] This riboswitch is found in a number of genes involved in lysine metabolism, including lysC.[3][4] The lysine riboswitch has also been identified independently and called the L box.[5]

Structure

The structure of the lysine riboswitch has recently been determined.[1][6] The lysine amino acid is bound in the pocket formed by the 5-way junction. The structure is composed of a three helical bundle and a two helical bundle joined by the 5-way junction. Helices 1 and 2 are stacked in a colinear fashion as are helices 4 and 5.

References

  1. 1 2 Serganov A, Huang L, Patel DJ (2008). "Structural insights into amino acid binding and gene control by a lysine riboswitch.". Nature. 455 (7217): 1263–7. PMID 18784651. doi:10.1038/nature07326.
  2. ↑ Mandal, M; Boese B; Barrick JE; Winkler WC; Breaker RR (2003). "Riboswitches Control Fundamental Biochemical Pathways in Bacillus subtilis and Other Bacteria". Cell. 113 (5): 577–586. PMID 12787499. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00391-X.
  3. ↑ Sudarsan, N; Wickiser JK; Nakamura S; Ebert MS; Breaker RR (2003). "An mRNA structure in bacteria that controls gene expression by binding lysine". Genes Dev. 17 (21): 2688–2697. PMC 280618 Freely accessible. PMID 14597663. doi:10.1101/gad.1140003.
  4. ↑ Rodionov, DA; Vitreschak AG; Mironov AA; Gelfand MS (2003). "Regulation of lysine biosynthesis and transport genes in bacteria: yet another RNA riboswitch?". Nucleic Acids Res. 31 (23): 6748–6757. PMC 290268 Freely accessible. PMID 14627808. doi:10.1093/nar/gkg900.
  5. ↑ Grundy, FJ; Lehman SC; Henkin TM (2003). "The L box regulon: Lysine sensing by leader RNAs of bacterial lysine biosynthesis genes". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 100 (21): 12057–12062. PMC 218712 Freely accessible. PMID 14523230. doi:10.1073/pnas.2133705100.
  6. ↑ Garst AD, Héroux A, Rambo RP, Batey RT (August 2008). "Crystal structure of the lysine riboswitch regulatory mRNA element". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 283 (33): 22347–51. PMC 2504901 Freely accessible. PMID 18593706. doi:10.1074/jbc.C800120200.


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