Loulis (chimpanzee)
Loulis (born May 10, 1978) is a chimpanzee who has learned to communicate in American Sign Language.
Loulis was named for two caregivers (Louise and Lisa) at the Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center in Atlanta, Georgia, where he was born. After ten months at Yerkes, Loulis was transferred to Oklahoma with Roger Fouts and Washoe, his adoptive mother. In 1980, the family moved to Central Washington University in Ellensburg, Washington. By 1993, the Chimpanzee and Human Communication Institute (CHCI) was built for the family to reside. Loulis's biological mother remained at Yerkes and was used for medical research. In 2013, he moved from the CHCI to the chimpanzee sanctuary of the Fauna Foundation in Canada.[1]
Language abilities
Washoe and 3 other chimpanzees (Tatu, Dar, and Moja) were raised as deaf human children and acquired American Sign Language. The chimpanzees regularly use the hand signals to communicate with each other and humans. Loulis is the only chimpanzee in the family who was not cross-fostered (he wasn't raised by humans but rather Washoe and the other chimpanzees).
After eight days with Washoe, Loulis learned his first sign. For the first five years of his life, Loulis's human handlers only used seven signs around him (the signs used were who, which, want, where, name, that, and sign). Loulis was able to acquire what he learned of ASL from Washoe.
The details of this research can be found in "Teaching Sign Language to Chimpanzees" edited by Allen and Beatrix Gardner.
See also
References
External links
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Non-human apes taught simple languages | |
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By region[a] | Sign languages by region |
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Oceania |
- Australia: Auslan, Australian-Irish, Eltye eltyarrenke, Iltyeme iltyeme, Rdaka rdaka, Manjiljarra, Warlmanpa, Warramunga, Mudburra, Ngada, Umpila, Western Desert, Western Torres Strait Islander, Yir Yoront, Yolŋu
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Asia |
- Bengali
- Cambodian
- Chinese
- Indonesia: Indonesian, Kata Kolok (Benkala, Balinese)
- India: Alipur, Bengali Indo-Pakistani, Naga
- Israel: Al-Sayyid Bedouin, Ghardaia, Israeli, Kafr Qasem, Yiddish
- Japan: Amami Oshima, Japanese
- Korean
- Laotian
- Malaysia: Malaysian, Penang, Selangor
- Mongolian
- Nepal: Ghandruk, Jhankot, Jumla, Nepalese
- Persian
- Philippine
- Saudi Arabia: Saudi
- Singapore
- Sri Lankan
- Taiwanese
- Thailand: Ban Khor, Bangkok, Chiangmai, Thai
- Vietnamese
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Africa | |
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Europe | |
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North America |
- Plains Sign Talk
- Canada: American (Pro-Tactile ASL), Blackfoot, Cree, Ojibwa, MSL, Quebec, Uukturausingit, Plateau
- Mexico: Chatino, Mayan, Mexican
- United States: American (Black American, Pro-Tactile ASL), Blackfeet, Cree, Cheyenne, Ojibwa, Keresign, Martha's Vineyard, Navajo, Navajo Family, Plateau, Sandy River Valley, Henniker
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Central and South America | |
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Chinese Sign |
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Austro- Hungarian |
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Old Belgian | |
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Dutch | |
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Italian | |
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Mexican | |
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- Bangalore-Madras
- Beluchistan
- Bengali
- Bombay
- Calcutta
- Delhi
- Nepali
- North West Frontier Province
- Punjab-Sindh
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- Anishinaabe
- Cheyenne
- Cree
- Dane-zaa
- Nakota
- Navajo
- Niitsítapi
- Tsuu T'ina
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- Haiphong
- Hanoi
- Ho Chi Minh City
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Kentish |
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Other |
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ASL | |
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Extinct languages | |
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Linguistics | |
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Fingerspelling | |
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Writing |
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Language contact |
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Media |
- Films (list)
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^a Sign-language names reflect the region of origin. Natural sign languages are not related to the spoken language used in the same region. For example, French Sign Language originated in France, but is not related to French.
^b Denotes the number (if known) of languages within the family. No further information is given on these languages. |