Louis Victor, Prince of Carignano

Louis Victor of Savoy
Prince of Carignano
Born (1721-09-25)25 September 1721
Hôtel de Soissons, Paris, France
Died 16 December 1778(1778-12-16) (aged 57)
Palazzo Carignano, Turin, Italy
Spouse Christine of Hesse-Rotenburg
Issue
Detail		 Victor Amadeus II
Leopoldina, Princess di Melfi
Gabrielle
Marie Louise, Princess of Lamballe
Caterina
Eugenio
Full name
Luigi Vittorio di Savoia
House House of Savoy-Carignano
Father Victor Amadeus I
Mother Maria Vittoria, légitimée di Savoia

Louis Victor of Savoy (25 September 1721 – 16 December 1778) headed a French cadet branch of the Italian dynasty which reigned over the Kingdom of Sardinia, being known as the Prince of Carignano from 1741 till his death. Upon extinction of the senior line of the family, his great-grandson succeeded to the royal throne as King Charles Albert of Sardinia, while his great-great-grandson, Victor Emmanuel II, became King of Italy.

Biography

Louis Victor was born at the Hôtel de Soissons, the Parisian home of his ancestor Marie de Bourbon, to Victor Amadeus I, Prince of Carignano and his wife Maria Vittoria of Savoy. His father was a grandson of Thomas Francis, Prince of Carignano and thus a descendant of Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy and Infanta Catherine Michelle of Spain. He was doubly descended from the latter pair, as his mother was a legitimated daughter of Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia and his mistress Jeanne Baptiste d'Albert de Luynes.

One of five children, he was the second son of his parents; his older brother Joseph Victor had died in 1716, aged 5 months. Louis Victor was thus heir to the cadet branch of the House of Savoy-Carignano from birth. His older sister Anne Thérèse married the Frenchman Charles de Rohan and was Princess de Soubise by marriage. Anne Thérèse was the mother of Madame de Guéméné, official governess to the children of Marie Antoinette and Louis XVI.

Louis Victor grew up in Paris, where his father was both a courtier and an inveterate gambler. Heavily in debt in Piedmont, and sued by his sisters whose dowries he had gambled away, he had fled to France where he lived so luxurious a life that his son was forced to sell significant family assets in that country. He later moved to Piedmont, between Turin and Racconigi.

On 4 May 1740 Louis Victor married the Landgravine Christine of Hesse-Rotenburg, a sister of the Sardinian king's deceased wife Polyxena Christina of Hesse-Rotenburg (1706–1736). The couple had eight children.

The most renowned of their children, Mariie Thérèse, is known to history as the Princesse de Lamballe whose close friendship with Marie Antoinette led to her brutal death during the French Revolution.

In 1741, Louis Victor's father died and he became the Prince of Carignano. The fief of Carignano had belonged to the Savoys since 1418, but the fact that it was part of Piedmont, only twenty km south of Turin, meant that it could be a "princedom" for Thomas in name only, being endowed neither with independence nor revenues of substance.[1]

Louis Victor lost his wife in September, 1778 and died himself on 16 December 1778 at the Palazzo Carignano, the Turin residence of the Savoy-Carignano family. Since 1835 his wife's grave has been in Turin's Basilica of Superga, as is that of Louis Victor.

His descendants include Vittorio Emanuele, Prince of Naples and Amedeo, 5th Duke of Aosta, rival claimants for the defunct throne of the Kingdom of Italy, as well as Prince Lorenz of Belgium, Archduke of Austria-Este, head of a cadet branch of the former imperial House of Habsburg-Lorraine.

Issue

Ancestry

References

  1. ↑  Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Carignano". Encyclopædia Britannica. 5 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 336.
  2. 1 2 van de Pas, Leo. "Landgräfin Christine von Hessen-Rheinfels-Rotenburg". Genealogics .org. Archived from the original on 2013-01-12. Retrieved 2010-03-01.


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