Lothair II

Lothair II
King of Lotharingia

Seal of Lothair II
Reign 855–869
Predecessor Emperor Lothair I as King of Middle Francia
Successor Lands divided between Louis the German and Charles the Bald
Born 835
Died 8 August 869 (0869-08-09)
Piacenza
Burial Basilica of Sant'Antonino
Consort Teutberga
Waldrada
Issue By Waldrada:
Hugh, Duke of Alsace
Gisela
Bertha
Ermengarde
Dynasty Carolingian Dynasty
Father Emperor Lothair I
Mother Ermengarde of Tours

Lothair II (835 – August 8, 869) was the king of Lotharingia from 855 until his death. He was the second son of Emperor Lothair I and Ermengarde of Tours. He was married to Teutberga (died 875), daughter of Boso the Elder.

Reign

Lothar II

For political reasons, his father made him marry Teutberga in 855. Upon his father's death in 855, he received the Middle Francia territory west of the Rhine stretching from the North Sea to the Jura mountains. It became known as Regnum Lotharii and early in the 10th century as Lotharingia or Lorraine (a designation subsequently applied only to the duchy of Lorraine). His elder brother Louis II received northern Italy and the title of Emperor, and his younger brother Charles received the western parts of his father's domains, Burgundy and the Provence.

On the death of his brother Charles in 863, Lothair added some lands south of the Jura to this realm, but except for a few feeble expeditions against the Norman pirates he seems to have done little for its government or its defense.

Teutberga was not capable of bearing children and Lothair's reign was chiefly occupied by his efforts to obtain an annulment of their marriage, and his relations with his uncles Charles the Bald and Louis the German were influenced by his desire to obtain their support for this endeavour. Although quarrels and reconciliations between the three kings followed each other in quick succession, in general it may be said that Louis favoured annulment, and Charles opposed it, while neither lost sight of the fact that Lothair had no sons to inherit his lands. Lothair, whose desire for annulment was prompted by his affection for his mistress, Waldrada, put away Teutberga, but Hucbert took up arms on her behalf, and after she had submitted successfully to the ordeal of water, Lothair was compelled to restore her in 858. Still pursuing his purpose, he won the support of his brother, Emperor Louis II, by a cession of lands and obtained the consent of the local clergy to the annulment and to his marriage with Waldrada, which took place in 862.

A synod of Frankish bishops met at Metz in 863 and confirmed this decision, but Teutberga fled to the court of Charles the Bald, and Pope Nicholas I voided the decision of the synod. An attack on Rome by the emperor was without result, and in 865 Lothair, threatened with excommunication and convinced that Louis and Charles at their recent meeting had discussed the partition of his kingdom, again took back his wife. Teutberga, however, either from inclination or compulsion, now expressed her desire for an annulment, and Lothair went to Italy to obtain the assent of the new pope, Adrian II. Placing a favourable interpretation upon the words of the pope, he had set out on the return journey, when he was seized with fever and died at Piacenza on August 8, 869.

Succession

His son, Hugh, by Waldrada, was declared illegitimate, so his heir was his brother, Emperor Louis II of Italy. As Louis was at that time campaigning against the Emirate of Bari, his kingdom was divided by and between his uncles Charles the Bald and Louis the German by the Treaty of Meerssen.

Descendants

Lothair II had some sons and probably three daughters, all by Waldrada, and all of whom were declared illegitimate:

Ancestry

References

  1. Wickham, Chris (1990). Early Medieval Italy: Central Power and Local Society 400-1000. University of Michigan Press. pp. 59–60. ISBN 0-472-08099-7.
  2. Townsend, Geo (1847) Ecclesiastical and Civil History Philosophically Considered, Vol. II, p. 157

Bibliography

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lothair II of Lotharingia.
Lothair II
Born: 835 Died: 8 August 869
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Lothar I
as king of Middle Francia
King of Lotharingia
23 September 855 – 8 August 869
Kingdom divided
between Louis the German
and Charles the Bald
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