Charles Guthrie, Baron Guthrie of Craigiebank

The Lord Guthrie of Craigiebank
Guthrie at a NATO defence ministers' meeting
Born	(1938-11-17) 17 November 1938 Chelsea, London, England
Allegiance	United Kingdom
Service/branch	British Army
Years of service	1959–2001
Rank	Field Marshal
Service number	461440
Unit	Welsh Guards
Commands held	Chief of the Defence Staff Chief of the General Staff British Army of the Rhine 1st British Corps 2nd Infantry Division 4th Armoured Brigade 1st Battalion, Welsh Guards
Battles/wars	Operation Banner Bosnian War Kosovo War
Awards	Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath Lieutenant of the Royal Victorian Order Officer of the Order of the British Empire Officer of the Legion of Merit (United States)

Field Marshal Charles Ronald Llewelyn Guthrie, Baron Guthrie of Craigiebank, GCB, LVO, OBE, DL (born 17 November 1938) was Chief of the General Staff, the professional head of the British Army, from 1994 to 1997 and Chief of the Defence Staff from 1997 until his retirement in 2001.

Guthrie's military career saw service with the Welsh Guards and the Special Air Service; he was closely involved in military operations in Northern Ireland and provided advice to the British Government during the Bosnian War and the Kosovo War.

Army career

Harrow School where Guthrie was educated

Born in Chelsea, London into a Scottish landed family, Guthrie was the elder son of Ronald Guthrie and Nina Guthrie (née Llewelyn).^[1][2] He was educated at Harrow School and the Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst,^[1]

Guthrie was commissioned into the Welsh Guards on 25 July 1959.^[3] He was promoted to lieutenant on 1 June 1961^[4] and captain on 25 July 1965.^[5] In 1966 he became a troop commander with 22 Special Air Service Regiment serving in Aden, the Persian Gulf, Malaysia and East Africa and then in 1968 he became a squadron commander with 22 Special Air Service Regiment serving in the Persian Gulf and the United Kingdom.^[6] He returned to the Welsh Guards in Münster in 1970 and, following his promotion to major on 31 December 1970,^[7] he was given command of a mechanised infantry company in the 1st Battalion.^[6] He became Military Assistant to the Chief of the General Staff in 1973 and, following a year as Second in Command of 1st Battalion Welsh Guards in London and Cyprus^[6] and having been promoted to lieutenant colonel on 31 December 1975,^[8] he became Brigade Major for the Household Division in 1976.^[1] In the Jubilee Honours of 1977 he was appointed a Member (fourth class) of the Royal Victorian Order (MVO); on 31 December 1984 this rank was reclassified as Lieutenant (LVO).^[9]

He was appointed Commanding Officer of 1st Battalion Welsh Guards in 1977 in which role he was deployed to Berlin.^[1] Promoted to colonel on 31 December 1979,^[10] he undertook a tour of duty in Northern Ireland in Spring 1980 for which he was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire.^[11] In 1980 he was also briefly Commander of British Forces in the New Hebrides.^[1] He then spent two years as Colonel on the General Staff for Military Operations at the Ministry of Defence.^[1] Promoted to brigadier on 31 December 1981,^[12] he became Brigade Commander of 4th Armoured Brigade in 1982.^[1] In 1984 he was made Chief of Staff for 1st British Corps in Bielefeld.^[6] Following his appointment as General Officer Commanding (GOC) North East District and Commander 2nd Infantry Division based in York on 18 January 1986,^[13] he was given the substantive rank of major general on 31 March 1986.^[14]

On 24 November 1987 Guthrie became Assistant Chief of the General Staff at the Ministry of Defence.^[15] On 2 October 1989 he was promoted to lieutenant general and appointed GOC 1st British Corps,^[16] and, having been appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath in the New Year Honours 1990,^[17] he relinquished his command on 2 December 1991.^[18]

He was appointed Commander of Northern Army Group and British Army of the Rhine on 7 January 1992^[19] and, following promotion to (full) general on 14 February 1992,^[20] became ADC to the Queen on 13 July 1993.^[21] He then became Chief of the General Staff (CGS) on 15 March 1994,^[22] being advanced to a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath in the Queen's Birthday Honours 1994.^[23] As CGS, he was responsible for providing strategic military advice to the British Government on the deployment of troops for the Bosnian War.^[24] He went on to become Chief of the Defence Staff on 2 April 1997.^[25] In that position, he advised the British Government on the conduct of the Kosovo War.^[26] He also warned against a British invasion of Zimbabwe to undertake regime change against Robert Mugabe, saying "Hold hard, you'll make it worse."^[27] Guthrie retired from the British Army in 2001.^[1]

Lord Guthrie (left) riding in the 2012 Trooping of the Colour as Colonel of the Life Guards

Guthrie was appointed Colonel Commandant of the Intelligence Corps on 1 March 1986,^[28] Colonel of the Life Guards and Gold Stick-in-Waiting to The Queen on 1 January 1999^[29] and Colonel Commandant of the SAS in 2000.^[1]

Later career

Guthrie, after retiring as Chief of the Defence Staff,^[1] was one of the several retired Chiefs of Defence Staff who spoke out in the House of Lords about the risk to servicemen facing liability for their actions before the International Criminal Court, particularly in respect to the invasion of Iraq.^[30] He was created a Life Peer,^[31] as Baron Guthrie of Craigiebank, of Craigiebank in the City of Dundee, in June 2001, and sits as a crossbencher in the House of Lords.^[32] However, Guthrie has been criticised by George Monbiot for an alleged lack of understanding of international law. Monbiot based his argument on Guthrie's September 2002 statement for an invasion of Iraq and subsequent comments, in which he appeared to support launching "surprise wars", something forbidden by the United Nations Charter.^[33] Guthrie also clashed with Chancellor of the Exchequer Gordon Brown in 2008 over military funding.^[34]

In 2007 Guthrie co-authored a book on Ethics in Modern Warfare with Michael Quinlan, former Permanent Secretary at the Ministry of Defence.^[35][36]

Guthrie was promoted to the honorary rank of field marshal in June 2012.^[37][38] Guthrie represented HRH The Prince of Wales at the Cenotaph on Remembrance Sunday 2012 where he was photographed wearing the epaulettes of a field marshal and carrying his field marshal's baton.^[39]

Guthrie is a non-executive director of N M Rothschild & Sons, Gulf Keystone Petroleum, Ashley Gardens Block 2 Ltd, Colt Defense LLC, Sciens Capital and Petropavlovsk PLC and non-executive chairman of Siboney Ltd.^[40] He is also a member of the Top Level Group of UK Parliamentarians for Multilateral Nuclear Disarmament and Non-proliferation, established in October 2009.^[41]

Guthrie is President of several charities, including Action Medical Research, the Army Benevolent Fund, Soldier On!,^[42] the Federation of London Youth Clubs and the Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Association.^[40] He is a Deputy Lieutenant for Dorset.^[1]

A Roman Catholic convert,^[43] he became a Knight of Malta^[44] and is a Patron of the Catholic homeless charities Cardinal Hume Centre^[45] and Caritas Anchor House.^[46] He became Chancellor of Liverpool Hope University in July 2013.^[47]

He was one of several contributors to a 2013 book on public sector management.^[48]

In August 2014, Guthrie was one of 200 public figures who were signatories to a letter to The Guardian opposing Scottish independence in the run-up to September's referendum on that issue.^[49]

Guthrie initially supported the "Remain" campaign during the 2016 referendum on Britain's membership of the European Union, but switched to "Leave" less than a week before the vote over concerns that a "European army" might eventually be formed.^[50]

His interests include tennis, opera and travel.^[1]

Family

Guthrie descends from an ancient Scottish landowning family: his kinsman is David Guthrie, 7th of Craigie. He married, on 11 Sep 1971, Catherine, daughter of Lieutenant Colonel Claude Worrall, Coldstream Guards; they have two sons.^[1][31]

Arms

Lord Guthrie matriculated his family armorial bearings at the Lyon Office in 1999 (and was granted supporters for life).

Honours

Guthrie's honours and decorations include:

	Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (GCB)	1994 (United Kingdom)[23]
	Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath (KCB)	1990 (United Kingdom)[17]
	Lieutenant of the Royal Victorian Order (LVO)	1977 (United Kingdom)[9]
	Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE)	1980 (United Kingdom)[11]
	Badge of Honour	1980 (New Hebrides)[51]
	Commander Degree of the Legion of Merit	2001 (United States)[52]
	Officer of the Legion of Merit	(United States)[53]
	Knight Commander of the Order of St. Gregory the Great (KCSG)	2008 (Holy See)[54]
	Knight of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta (KM)	1999 (SMOM)[55]
	Knight Grand Cross of Justice of the Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George (GCJCO)	2013 (House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies)[56]
	Knight Commander of Justice of the Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George (KCJCO)	2003 (House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies)[57][58]

References

External links

• Parliamentary Biography
• Debrett's People of Today

Commanders-in-Chief of the Forces and Chiefs of the General Staff of the British Army
Commanders-in-Chief of the Forces	Duke of Albemarle Duke of Monmouth Earl of Marlborough Duke of Leinster Duke of Marlborough Duke of Ormonde Earl of Stair George Wade Duke of Cumberland Viscount Ligionier Marquess of Granby Lord Amherst Henry Conway Lord Amherst Duke of York Sir David Dundas Duke of York Duke of Wellington Viscount Hill Duke of Wellington Viscount Hardinge Duke of Cambridge Viscount Wolseley Earl Roberts
Chief of the General Staff	Sir Neville Lyttelton
Chiefs of the Imperial General Staff	Sir William Nicholson Sir John French Sir Charles Douglas Sir James Murray Sir Archibald Murray Sir William Robertson Sir Henry Wilson The Earl of Cavan Sir George Milne Sir Archibald Montgomery-Massingberd Sir Cyril Deverell The Viscount Gort Sir Edmund Ironside Sir John Dill Sir Alan Brooke The Viscount Montgomery of Alamein Sir William Slim Sir John Harding Sir Gerald Templer Sir Francis Festing Sir Richard Hull
Chiefs of the General Staff	Sir Richard Hull Sir James Cassels Sir Geoffrey Baker Sir Michael Carver Sir Peter Hunt Sir Roland Gibbs Sir Edwin Bramall Sir John Stanier Sir Nigel Bagnall Sir John Chapple Sir Peter Inge Sir Charles Guthrie Sir Roger Wheeler Sir Michael Walker Sir Mike Jackson Sir Richard Dannatt Sir David Richards Sir Peter Wall Sir Nick Carter