London slang

London slang is a mixture of words and phrases originating in the city and around the globe, commonly spoken in London. It reflects the diverse ethnic and cultural makeup of the city's population.

As London occupies a dominant social, cultural and economic position within the United Kingdom, slang originally unique to the city has spread across the UK. Conversely, slang from outside London has migrated in along with people seeking work in the capital. Cockney rhyming slang and Multicultural London English are the best known forms of London slang.

Origins

Slang can infiltrate almost any element of daily life. For instance, London slang about money is believed to have been imported from India by returning servicemen during the nineteenth century. The terms monkey, meaning £500, and pony, meaning £25, are believed by some to have come from old Indian rupee banknotes, which it is asserted used to feature images of those animals. Banknotes with such denominations were issued by Bank of Bengal, Bank of Bombay and Bank of Madras and some other private banks between 1810 and 1860. However the true origin[1] of these terms is uncertain. Another money slang word, nicker, which means £1, is thought to be connected to the American nickel. Wonga, which describes an unspecified amount of money, may come from the Romany word for coal, wanga.[2]

Modern influences

In 2005, Professor Sue Fox from Queen Mary, University of London concluded that Cockney rhyming slang was dying out because children in London are greatly exposed to words and phrases from outside cultures.[3] Teenagers especially are incorporating into their vocabularies new words borrowed from outside the UK. This new slang is also influenced by new technologies, especially mobile phone SMS (short message service) or text messages. While "dat" and "dere" may be of Afro-Caribbean origin along with many other terms, their use in text messages as easier-to-key options to "that" and "there/their" cement them as slang in common usage.

The large number of immigrant communities and relatively high level of ethnic integration mean that various pronunciations, words and phrases have been fused from a variety of sources to create modern London slang. The emerging dialect draws influences from diaspora communities present in London, such as Caribbean speech.[4] This form of slang is mainly spoken in Inner London,[4][5] and most areas of Outer London. Although the slang has been highly influenced by black caribbean communities, youth of all ethnicities in London have adopted it.[6] Popular slang words include:

Adjectives

Interjections

Pronouns

Nouns

Verbs

See also

References

  1. ↑ http://www.businessballs.com/moneyslanghistory.htm
  2. ↑ Chapman, Alan (25 July 2005). "money slang history". businessballs: glossaries/terminology. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
  3. ↑ "Trouble and strife for cockney rhyming slang". The Times. London. 22 August 2005. Retrieved 17 July 2007.
  4. 1 2 "Cockney accent being swept aside in London by new hip hop-inspired dialect". 16 April 2006. Archived from the original on 26 September 2007. Retrieved 17 July 2007.
  5. ↑ "'Nang' takes over Cockney slang". BBC News. 11 April 2006. Retrieved 17 July 2007.
  6. ↑ "Black slang in the pink". 21 October 2005. Retrieved 17 July 2007.
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