London mayoral elections

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The London mayoral election for the office of Mayor of London takes place every four years. The first election was in held May 2000, and four subsequent elections have taken place. The latest mayoral election took place in 2016.

Electoral system

The electoral system used for London mayor elections is the supplementary vote, where voters express a first and second choice of candidate, if no candidate receives an absolute majority of first choice votes, all but the two leading candidates are eliminated, and the votes of those eliminated redistributed according to their second choice votes to determine the winner.

As with most elected posts in the United Kingdom, a candidate must pay a deposit to run in the election. The current deposit a candidate must pay is £10,000, which is returned if the candidate's wins at least 5% of the first preference votes cast. The winner is elected for a fixed term of four years, there are no restrictions on the number of terms a Mayor may serve. Elections take place in May.

Results

Elections in the 2010s

2016

The 2016 London mayoral election was held on 5 May 2016.^[1] The results were announced on 7 May at 00:30, despite British television news channel Sky News announcing Sadiq Khan as the winner hours earlier.

Incumbent Mayor Boris Johnson did not run for re election for a third term in office, as he was elected the Member of Parliament for the Conservative Party in Uxbridge and South Ruislip in the 2015 General Election.

Mayor of London election 5 May 2016 ^[2]
Party		Candidate	1st Round	%	2nd Round	Total	First Round Votes Transfer Votes
	Labour	Sadiq Khan	1,148,716	44.2%	161,427	1,310,143
	Conservative	Zac Goldsmith	909,755	35.0%	84,859	994,614
	Green	Siân Berry	150,673	5.8%
	Liberal Democrat	Caroline Pidgeon	120,005	4.6%
	UKIP	Peter Whittle	94,373	3.6%
	Women's Equality	Sophie Walker	53,055	2.0%
	Respect	George Galloway	37,007	1.4%
	Britain First	Paul Golding	31,372	1.2%
	CISTA	Lee Harris	20,537	0.8%
	BNP	David Furness	13,325	0.5%
	Independent	Prince Zylinski	13,202	0.5%
	One Love	Ankit Love	4,941	0.2%
	Labour gain from Conservative

2012

Conservative Mayor Boris Johnson was reelected to a second term in office, defeating former Labour mayor Ken Livingstone. Livingstone announced his retirement from politics in his concession speech.

Mayor of London election 3 May 2012 ^[3]
Party		Candidate	1st Round	%	2nd Round	Total	First Round Votes Transfer Votes
	Conservative	Boris Johnson	971,931	44.0%	82,880	1,054,811
	Labour	Ken Livingstone	889,918	40.3%	102,355	992,273
	Green	Jenny Jones	98,913	4.5%
	Liberal Democrat	Brian Paddick	91,774	4.2%
	Independent	Siobhan Benita	83,914	3.8%
	UKIP	Lawrence Webb	43,274	2.0%
	BNP	Carlos Cortiglia	28,751	1.3%
	Conservative hold

Elections in the 2000s

2008

The incumbent Labour Mayor, Ken Livingstone was defeated by Conservative candidate Boris Johnson, who became London's second Mayor.

Mayor of London election 1 May 2008 ^[4]
Party		Candidate	1st Round	%	2nd Round	Total	First Round Votes Transfer Votes
	Conservative	Boris Johnson	1,043,761	43.2%	124,977	1,168,738
	Labour	Ken Livingstone	893,887	37.0%	134,089	1,027,976
	Liberal Democrat	Brian Paddick	235,585	9.8%
	Green	Siân Berry	77,347	3.2%
	BNP	Richard Barnbrook	69,710	3.2%
	Christian Peoples	Alan Craig	39,249	1.6%
	UKIP	Gerard Batten	22,422	1.2%
	Respect	Lindsey German	16,796	0.7%
	English Democrat	Matt O'Connor	10,695	0.4%
	Independent	Winston McKenzie	5,389	0.2%
	Conservative gain from Labour

2004

In June 2004, the second election was held. After being re admitted to the Labour Party, Ken Livingstone was their official candidate. He won re election after second preference votes were counted, with Steve Norris again coming second.

Mayor of London election 10 June 2004 ^[5]
Party		Candidate	1st Round	%	2nd Round	Total	First Round Votes Transfer Votes
	Labour	Ken Livingstone	685,548	36.8%	142,842	828,390
	Conservative	Steven Norris	542,423	29.1%	124,757	667,180
	Liberal Democrat	Simon Hughes	284,647	15.3%
	UKIP	Frank Maloney	115,666	6.2%
	Respect	Lindsey German	61,731	3.3%
	BNP	Julian Leppert	58,407	3.1%
	Green	Darren Johnson	57,332	3.1%
	Christian Peoples	Ram Gidoomal	31,698	2.2%
	Independent Working Class	Lorna Reid	9,452	0.5%
	Independent	Tammy Nagalingam	6,692	0.4%
	Labour gain from Independent

2000

The 2000 campaign was incident filled. The eventual winner, Ken Livingstone, reneged on an earlier pledge not to run as an independent, after losing the Labour nomination to Frank Dobson. The Conservative Party candidate, Jeffrey Archer, was replaced by Steven Norris after Archer was charged with perjury.

Mayor of London election 4 May 2000 ^[6]
Party		Candidate	1st Round	%	2nd Round	Total	First Round Votes Transfer Votes
	Independent	Ken Livingstone	667,877	39.0%	108,540	776,417
	Conservative	Steven Norris	464,434	27.1%	99,703	564,137
	Labour	Frank Dobson	223,884	13.1%
	Liberal Democrat	Susan Kramer	203,452	11.9%
	Christian Peoples	Ram Gidoomal	43,060	2.4%
	Green	Darren Johnson	38,121	2.2%
	BNP	Michael Newland	33,569	2.0%
	UKIP	Damian Hockney	16,324	1.0%
	Pro-Motorist Small Shop	Geoffrey Ben-Nathan	9,956	0.6%
	Independent	Ashwin Tanna	9,015	0.5%
	Natural Law	Geoffrey Clements	5,470	0.3%
	Independent win

References

↑ "About London Elects". londonelects.org.uk. Retrieved 6 April 2016.
↑ "Official election result declaration, London Elects" (PDF). Retrieved 2016-07-01.
↑ "London Elects - Declared Results". Greater London Authority. 4 May 2012. Retrieved 17 February 2013.
↑ "2008 election results for the Mayor of London and the London Assembly". London Elects. 2 May 2008. Retrieved 17 February 2013.
↑ "2004 election results for the Mayor of London and the London Assembly". London Elects. 10 June 2004. Retrieved 17 February 2013.
↑ "2000 election results for the Mayor of London and the London Assembly". London Elects. 5 May 2000. Retrieved 17 February 2013.

External links

http://www.londonelects.org.uk, official website

Elections and referendums in London
Mayor of London	2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020
London Assembly	2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020
Inner London Education Authority	1986
Greater London Council	1964 1967 1970 1973 1977 1981
London County Council	1889 1892 1895 1898 1901 1904 1907 1910 1913 1919 1922 1925 1928 1931 1934 1937 1946 1949 1952 1955 1958 1961
Borough Councils	1964 1968 1971 1974 1978 1982 1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014 2018
Referendums	1998
See also Elections in London Boroughs Middlesex County Council elections

Devolution in the United Kingdom

Devolved areas

National level	Northern Ireland Scotland Wales
Regional level (in England)	Combined authorities Directly elected mayoralties Greater London Authority

Referendums¹

English mayoral referendums
- London, 1998
- 2012
North East England
- 2004
Northern Ireland
- 1998
Scotland
- 1979
- 1997
Wales
- 1979
- 1997
- 2011

Heads of devolved governments

Devolved legislatures²

Devolved administrations³

Organisations and laws of the
legislatures and governments
of the UK and the devolved areas

Commissions (UK Parliament)	Kilbrandon Commission Holtham Commission Silk Commission McKay Commission
Commissions (devolved legislatures)	National Assembly for Wales Richard Commission Holtham Commission Scottish Parliament Calman Commission Smith Commission
Referendum & Devolution acts	Greater London Authority Acts 1999 2007 Northern Ireland Acts 1998 2006 Referendums (Scotland & Wales) Act 1997 Wales Acts 1998 2006 2014 2017 Scotland Acts 1998 2012 2016
Select committees	Northern Ireland Affairs Scottish Affairs Welsh Affairs
Grand committees	Legislative Grand Committee Northern Ireland Scottish Welsh
Departments and Territorial Offices (MOJ)	Cabinet Office - Devolution Secretariat Ministry of Justice - Devolution Directorate-General Office of the Advocate General for Scotland Northern Ireland Office Scotland Office Wales Office

Elections

Current	Agreements/Treaties Anglo-Irish Treaty Good Friday Agreement Budget Barnett formula Block grant Constitution of the United Kingdom Reserved and excepted matters West Lothian question
Proposals	Cornwall Cornish Assembly Cornish Constitutional Convention Mebyon Kernow Revived Cornish Stannary Parliament Devolved English parliament Campaign for an English Parliament Northern England Campaign for the North Yorkshire First Other parts of Southern England Wessex Regionalist Party Scotland Full fiscal autonomy
Historical	Administrations of England English Regional Assemblies, 1998-2010 Administrations of London London County Council Greater London Council Administrations of Northern Ireland 1922–72 1974 Legislatures of Northern Ireland 1922–72 1973–74 1982–86 Northern Ireland-related legislation of the UK Parliament Ireland, 1886 Ireland, 1893 Ireland, 1914 Ireland, 1920 Irish Free State, 1922 Northern Ireland, 1974 Irish Home Rule movement Prime Minister of Northern Ireland Scotland Act 1978 Scottish Office Sunningdale Agreement Wales Act 1978 Welsh Office

1. Rejected referendums are italicised. The others were fully or partially approved.
2. There is no law-making body for any regionally devolved area.
3. Administrations of regionally devolved areas are omitted.

Category

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