Livistona

Livistona
Livistona chinensis
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Monocots
(unranked): Commelinids
Order: Arecales
Family: Arecaceae
Subfamily: Coryphoideae
Tribe: Corypheae
Subtribe: Livistoninae
Genus: Livistona
R.Br.[1]
Synonyms[2]
Livistona nitida, the Carnarvon Fan Palm, as seen from the Amphitheatre in Carnarvon National Park.

Livistona is a genus of palms (family Arecaceae), native to southern and southeastern Asia, Australasia, and the Horn of Africa.[2] They are fan palms, the leaves with an armed petiole terminating in a rounded, costapalmate fan of numerous leaflets.[3][4][5][6]

Livistona is closely related to the genus Saribus, and for a time Saribus was included in Livistona. Recent studies, however, have advocated separating the two groups.[2][7]

Livistona species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Batrachedra arenosella (recorded on L. subglobosa) and Paysandisia archon.

Kho (L. speciosa) is the tree of Khao Kho District in Thailand.[8]

Species

  1. Livistona alfredii F.Muell. - Western Australia
  2. Livistona australis (R.Br.) Mart. – Cabbage-tree Palm - New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria
  3. Livistona benthamii F.M.Bailey - Queensland, Northern Territory, New Guinea
  4. Livistona boninensis (Becc.) Nakai - Ogasawara-shoto (Bonin Islands)
  5. Livistona carinensis (Chiov.) Dransf. & Uhl - Djibouti, Somalia, Yemen
  6. Livistona chinensis (Jacq.) R.Br. ex Mart. – Chinese Fan Palm - Japan, Ryukyu Islands, Guangdong, Hainan, Taiwan; naturalized in South Africa, Java, New Caledonia, Hawaii, Micronesia, Florida, Dominican Republic, Bermuda, Puerto Rico, and various island in the Indian Ocean
  7. Livistona concinna Dowe & Barfod - Queensland
  8. Livistona decora (W.Bull) Dowe - Queensland
  9. Livistona drudei F.Muell. ex Drude - Queensland
  10. Livistona eastonii C.A.Gardner - Western Australia
  11. Livistona endauensis Dransf. & K.M.Wong - Peninsular Malaysia
  12. Livistona exigua J.Dransf. - Brunei
  13. Livistona fulva Rodd - Queensland
  14. Livistona halongensis - Ha Long Bay Islands in Vietnam
  15. Livistona humilis R.Br. - Northern Territory of Australia
  16. Livistona inermis R.Br. - Northern Territory of Australia, Queensland
  17. Livistona jenkinsiana Griff. - Bhutan, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Myanmar, Thailand, Hainan, Yunnan
  18. Livistona lanuginosa Rodd - Queensland
  19. Livistona lorophylla Becc. - Northern Territory, Western Australia
  20. Livistona mariae F.Muell. – Central Australian Fan Palm - Northern Territory
  21. Livistona muelleri F.M.Bailey - Queensland, New Guinea
  22. Livistona nasmophila Dowe & D.L.Jones - Western Australia
  23. Livistona nitida Rodd – Carnarvon Fan Palm - Queensland
  24. Livistona rigida Becc. - Northern Territory of Australia, Queensland
  25. Livistona saribus (Lour.) Merr. ex A. Chev. - Indochina, Malaysia, Borneo, Java, Philippines; naturalized in Polynesia, Guangdong, Yunnan
  26. Livistona speciosa – Kho - Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Peninsular Malaysia, Bangladesh, southern China
  27. Livistona tahanensis Becc. - Pahang in Malaysia
  28. Livistona victoriae Rodd. - Western Australia, Northern Territory
Formerly placed here
  1. Pritchardia gaudichaudii (Mart.) H.Wendl. (Livistona gaudichaudii)
  2. Pritchardia martii (Gaudich.) H.Wendl. (Livistona martii)[5]
  3. Saribus rotundifolius (Lam.) Mart. – Anáhaw (Livistona rotundifolia, Livistona altissima, Livistona microcarpa, Livistona mindorensis)
  4. Saribus brevifolius (Dowe & Mogea) Bacon & W.J.Baker - (Livistona brevifolia)
  5. Saribus chocolatinus (Dowe) Bacon & W.J.Baker - (Livistona chocolatina)
  6. Saribus merrillii (Becc.) Bacon & W.J.Baker - (Livistona merrillii, Livistona whitfordii, Livistona blancoi)
  7. Saribus papuanus (Becc.) Kuntze - (Livistona papuana)
  8. Saribus surru (Dowe & Barfod) Bacon & W.J.Baker - (Livistona surru)
  9. Saribus tothur (Dowe & Barfod) Bacon & W.J.Baker - (Livistona tothur)
  10. Saribus woodfordii (Ridl.) Bacon & W.J.Baker - (Livistona woodfordii, Livistona beccariana)

Etymology

Robert Brown named the genus Livistona after Patrick Murray (1634–1671), Baron of Livingston, a botanist and horticulturist, who was largely responsible for establishing the botanical gardens in Edinburgh, Scotland.[9][10][11]

References

  1. ↑ "Genus: Livistona R. Br.". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2004-10-15. Retrieved 2011-04-05.
  2. 1 2 3 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  3. ↑ Govaerts, R. & Dransfield, J. (2005). World Checklist of Palms: 1-223. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  4. ↑ Dowe, J.L. (2009). A taxonomic account of Livistona R.Br. (Arecaceae). Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 60: 185-344.
  5. 1 2 "GRIN Species Records of Livistona". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2011-04-05.
  6. ↑ Flora of China, Vol. 23 Page 147, 蒲葵属 pu kui shu, Livistona R. Brown, Prodr. 267. 1810.
  7. ↑ Bacon, C.D. & Baker, W.J. (2011). Saribus resurrected. Palms; Journal of the International Palm Society 55: 109-116.
  8. ↑ Palmpedia, Livistona speciosa
  9. ↑ Robert Brown (1810). "Prodromus floræ Novæ Hollandiæ et Insulæ Van-Diemen : exhibens characteres plantarum quas annis 1802-1805". (in Latin)
  10. ↑ Napier, D; Smith, N; Alford, L; Brown, J (2012), Common Plants of Australia's Top End, South Australia: Gecko Books, pp. 50–51, ISBN 9780980852523
  11. ↑ Dowe, JL (2010), Australian Palms : Biogeography, Ecology and Systematics, Melbourne, Vic: CSIRO Publishing, pp. 110–112, ISBN 9780643096158
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