Lit Brothers

Lit Brothers Department Store

(HABS, 1972-73)
Location Market St. between N. 7th and 8th Sts.
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Coordinates 39°57′8″N 75°9′10″W / 39.95222°N 75.15278°W / 39.95222; -75.15278Coordinates: 39°57′8″N 75°9′10″W / 39.95222°N 75.15278°W / 39.95222; -75.15278
Built 1859-1918
Architect Collins & Autenreith; Simon & Bassett
Architectural style Renaissance revival
NRHP Reference # 79002322[1]
Added to NRHP May 15, 1979

Lit Brothers was a moderately-priced department store based in Philadelphia. Samuel and Jacob Lit opened the first store at North 8th and Market Streets in 1891. Lit's positioned itself well as a more affordable alternate to competitors Strawbridge and Clothier, Wanamaker's, and Gimbels. The store's slogan was "A Great Store in A Great City," and it was noted for its millinery department.

The Lit Brother Store building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979, and is located in the East Center City Commercial Historic District.[1]

History and architecture

The octagonal tower on the west end of the building (2013)

In 1891, Rachel P. Lit (1858-1919, later surnamed Weddel, still later Arnold) opened a woman's clothing shop on the corner of Market and N. 8th Streets. With the administration and innovative advertising techniques of her brothers, Colonel Samuel David Lit (1859-1929) and Jacob David Lit (1872-1950), their small store soon became one of the largest retail stores in Philadelphia. From 1895 to 1907, the store continued to expand, with the company taking over the remaining buildings on the block of Market between North 7th and 8th Streets – including the J. M. Maris Dry Goods Store, the Bailey Store and the J. B. Lippincott & Co. Building – and adding new buildings at either end of the block designed to blend in with the existing buildings. With alterations and additions, the Lit Brothers Store became the only full block of Victorian architecture in Philadelphia, composed of 33 buildings constructed between 1859 and 1918, with a common interior. The new buildings and the alterations were designed by Charles M. Autenrieth and Edward Collins.[2][3][4]

Although the store on Market Street was often called the "cast-iron building", only two of original building's facades (at 719-721 Market and 714-718 Arch Street) are actually cast iron. The other buildings are brick, faced with marble or granite. The two end buildings are brick and terra-cotta, with galvanized iron trim and octagonal towers. The uniformity of the entire Renaissance Revival-style facade is supported by the use of a classical arch window in all of the buildings, which are painted the same color.[3]

The company was purchased in 1928 by Albert M. Greenfield's Bankers Securities Corporation and was eventually merged into its City Stores Company – now CSS Industries, Inc. – a retail holding company consisting of stores located in urban centers throughout the south and east, such as the W & J Sloane furniture store, and the Washington, D.C.–based department store chain Lansburgh's.[5] In 1962, they purchased the suburban locations of Snellenburg's, another Philadelphia department store chain owned by Bankers Securities Corporation, which was closed in 1963. The Lit Brothers chain subsequently closed in 1977.

The Enchanted Colonial Village

Lit's joined its fellow Center City department stores in presenting a Christmas season exhibit when, in 1961, it opened the Enchanted Colonial Village. The Village, designed by Philadelphia display designer Thomas Comerford, cost approximately $1 million. It was built by German toy manufacturer Christian Hofmann of Bad Rodach, West Germany. This room-by-room display of a colonial-era Christmas ran each year from Thanksgiving to New Year's Eve, and remained until the final Christmas season in 1976. The exhibit itself was bought from liquidators for $35,000 by the Sun Oil Company, who later donated it to the Atwater Kent Museum. It has since been restored, and (since 2001) sections are displayed around the holiday season at the Please Touch Museum.[6]

The former Lit Brothers Building, looking west down Market Street from 7th Street (2013)
The entrance to Market Place East (2013)

Growth and competition

Lit's saw the growing demand for suburban locations, and started building stores in mall locations around the greater Philadelphia market, including southern New Jersey. Lit's also operated a store in nearby downtown Camden, and Lit's was the only one of Philadelphia's department stores to maintain a branch along the New Jersey Shore, when it acquired the Blatt Department Store in downtown Atlantic City, and re-branded this location as Lit's. Additional suburban locations were added with the acquisition of Snellenburg's in 1962.

Faced with growing competition in a changing retail landscape, Lit Brothers closed its doors in 1977. One of Lit's larger competitors, Gimbels, built a new store in Center City as part of The Gallery Mall in 1977, and while Lit's was only one block away from The Gallery, not being a direct part of the popular new complex hurt sales at its important flagship location.

Repurposing of flagship store

After the chain closed in 1977, the full-block flagship store was vacant until the late 1980s. At this point, it was redeveloped as office and commercial space by Growth Properties. The project was designed by Burt Hill Kosar Rittelmann Associates and John Milner Associates.[3] The building reopened in 1989 as Mellon Independence Center, after its principal occupant, the regional headquarters for Mellon Bank, and featured retail stores on the street level, and a food court on the lower level. The sign reading "Hats Trimmed Free of Charge" can still be seen today on the façade of the redeveloped flagship building.

The historic 720,000-square-foot (67,000 m2) building was put on the market in 2007, with an asking price of $70 million.[7] By 2013, the main entrance to the building, addressed as 701 Market Street, carried the name "Market Place East".

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 National Park Service (2008-04-15). "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service.
  2. ↑ Webster, Richard (1976). Philadelphia Preserved: Catalog of the Historic American Buildings Survey. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. pp. 82–83. ISBN 9780877220893.
  3. 1 2 3 Gallery, John Andrew, ed. (2004), Philadelphia Architecture: A Guide to the City (2nd ed.), Philadelphia: Foundation for Architecture, ISBN 0962290815, p.59
  4. ↑ Teitelman, Edward & Longstreth, Richard W. (1981), Architecture in Philadelphia: A Guide, Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, ISBN 0262700212, p.77
  5. ↑ CSS Industries Inc. - Company History (accessed Aug 29, 2008).
  6. ↑ History of the Enchanted Colonial Village (accessed Aug 29, 2008).
  7. ↑ "Landmark Lit Brothers building for sale; might go for $70M", Philadelphia Business Journal, by Natalie Kostelni, Dec. 7, 2007.
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