List of radio stations in Africa

This is a list of radio stations in Africa. For countries for which information is not listed, please see the "Media" section of that country's national article, or use the "Media in Africa" box at the bottom of this article.

 Algeria

• Entreprise nationale de Radiodiffusion sonore or ENRS is the state public radio broadcaster of Algeria.
  • Alger Chaîne 1 (Arabic)
  • Alger Chaîne 2 (Berber)
  • Alger Chaîne 3 (French)
  • Radio Algérie Internationale
  • Radio Bahdja
  • Radio Culture
  • Radio Coran
  • Jil FM
  • 46 local radio stations of ENRS

 Angola

• Rádio Nacional de Angola or RNA, is the state radio broadcaster of Angola.
  • Canal A
  • Rádio Luanda
  • FM Estéreo
  • N'Gola Yetu
  • Rádio 5
• Ecclesia FM - 97.5 FM Luanda (Religious Radio Station)
• Luanda Antena Comercial - 95.5 FM Luanda
• Ngola Radio - 87.7 FM Luanda

 Ascension Island

• AFN Ascension
• BBC World Service
• BFBS Radio
• Saint fm community radio

 Benin

• Office de Radiodiffusion et Télévision du Bénin or ORTB is the state broadcaster of Benin.
  • Radio Bénin (National)
  • Radio Régionale
  • Atlantic FM
  • Radio Parakou
• BBC WS Africa
• CAPP FM
• FM Ouémé
• Radio Adja Ouèrè
• Radio Maranatha
• Radio Tokpa
• RFI Afrique
• RIC (Radio Immaculée Conception)
• Golfe FM
• Océan FM
• Soleil FM
• Frissons Radio
• Fraternité FM

 Botswana

• Duma FM
• Gabz FM
• Radio Botswana
  • Radio Botswana 1
  • Radio Botswana 2 (FM 103)
• Yarona FM 106.6

 Burkina Faso

• Radio Television du Burkina (RTB), is the state broadcaster of Burkina Faso.
  • RTB Radio (National radio station)
  • Radio Canal Arc-en-Ciel
  • + Local RTB radio stations
• BBC WS Africa
• Horizon FM
• Ouaga FM
• RFI Afrique
• Radio Gambidi
• Radio La Voix des Lacs
• Radio Maria
• Radio Munyu
• Radio Pulsar
• Radio Salankoloto
• Savane FM
• VOA Africa
• Hit Radio Burkina

 Burundi

• Radio Télévision Nationale du Burundi or RTNB, is the state broadcaster of Burundi.
  • RTNB Radio 1
  • RTNB Radio 2
• BBC World Service Africa
• Bonesha FM
• CCIB FM
• Radio Isanganiro
• Radio Maria
• Radio Rema FM
• Radio Scolaire Nderagakura
• Renaissance FM
• RFI Afrique
• RPA
• Hit Radio Burundi www.hitradio.ma

 Cameroon

• Cameroon Radio & Television or CRTV, is the state broadcaster of Cameroon.
  • CRTV Radio Nationale
• Abakwa FM
• BBC WS Africa
• RBN
• RFI Afrique
• Sweet FM
• Stone FM community Radio Ndop
• Magic FM
• RSI
• Balafon FM
• Equinoxe FM
• CRTV radio

 Cape Verde

• Rádio e Televisão de Cabo Verde or RTC, is the state broadcaster of Cape Verde.
  • RCV Rádio de Cabo Verde (National)
  • RCV Mais
  • RCV Regional
• Emissora Cristão Rádio Nova
• Rádio Barlavento
• Rádio Clube do Mindelo
• Radio Crioula FM
• Rádio Educativa
• Rádio Rural Santo Antão
• RDP África
• RFI Afrique

 Central African Republic

• BBC WS Africa
• Radio Centrafrique (National)
• Radio Maria
• Radio Ndeke Luka
• Radio Siriri
• RFI Afrique
• VOA Africa
• Hit Radio RCA

 Chad

• Radiodiffusion Nationale Tchadienne or RNT, is the state broadcaster of Chad.
• BBC WS Africa
• DJA FM - N'Djamena
• RFI Afrique

 Comoros

• Office de Radio et Télévision des Comores or ORTC, is the state broadcaster of Comoros.
  • Radio Comores
• RFI Afrique
• Tropic FM
• Star FM
• Sud Radio

 Côte d'Ivoire

• Radiodiffusion-Télévision Ivoirienne or RTI, is the state broadcaster of Côte d'Ivoire.
  • Radio Côte d'Ivoire
  • Fréquence 2
• BBC WS Africa
• Onuci FM
• Radio Jam
• RFI Afrique
• VOA Africa
• Vibe Radio
• Trace FM

 Congo

• La Radiodiffusion Télévision Congolaise or RTC, is the state broadcaster of the Republic of the Congo.
  • RTC National
  • RTC Régional
• Africa No. 1
• RFI Afrique
• Hit Radio Congo

 Democratic Republic of Congo

• Radio-Télévision nationale congolaise or RTNC, is the state broadcaster of the Democratic Republic of Congo.
  • RTNC Chaîne Nationale
• BBC WS Africa
• Digital Congo FM
• Kasaï Horizons
• Radio Liberté
• Radio Okapi
• Radio Sango Malamu
• Raga FM
• RFI Afrique
• RTBF International

 Djibouti

• Radio Télévision de Djibouti or RTD, is the state broadcaster of the Republic of Djibouti
  • Radio Inter
  • Radio Nationale
  • RTD FM
• BBC Somali Service
• Monte Carlo Doualiya
• RFI Afrique
• VOA Somali

 Egypt

• Egyptian Radio and Television Union (ERTU) is the state broadcaster of Egypt.

In addition to other state radio stations, 2 partly private and one private radio station.

 Equatorial Guinea

• Radiotelevisión de Guinea Ecuatorial or RTVGE, is the state broadcaster of Equatorial Guinea.
  • Radio Nacional Guinea Ecuatorial
• Africa No.1
• BBC WS Africa
• RFI Afrique
• Asonga Radio

 Eritrea

• Radio Selamna
• Dimtsi Hafash
• Radio Bana
• Radio Zara

 Ethiopia

• Debub FM
• FM Addis
• Radio Ethiopia
• Radio Fana
• zami 90.1 FM
• FM Addis 96.3 FM
• EBC 97.1 FM
• Fana FM 98.1
• Bisrat FM 101.1
• Sheger FM 102.1
• EBC FM 104.7
• Afro FM 105.3
• KETO 93.9 FM Denver

 Gabon

• Radiodiffusion-Télévision Gabonaise or RTG, is the state broadcaster of Gabon.
  • RTG Châine 1
  • RTG Châine 2
• BBC WS Africa
• Radio Sainte-Marie
• RFI Afrique
• Hit Radio Gabon

 Ghana

• • Ghana Broadcasting Corporation or GBC, is the state broadcaster of Ghana.
  • Radio 1
  • Radio 2
  • Uniiq FM
  • Volta Star
  • Starr 103.5FM
  • Twin City Radio
  • Radio Central
  • Radio Savannah
  • Garden City Radio
  • URA Radio
  • Radio Upper West
  • Sunrise FM
  • Obonu FM
  • Radio BAR
  • Atlantis Radio
  • BBC WS Africa
  • Choice FM
  • RFI Afrique
  • Sky FM

 Guinea

• Radio Télévision Guinéenne or RTG, is the state broadcaster of Guinea.
  • Radio Nationale Guinéenne
  • Radio Rurale Guinéene
• BBC WS Africa
• Chérie FM
• Djoliba FM
• Espace FM
• Évasion FM
• Horizon FM
• Milo FM
• Nostalgie Guinée
• Radio Liberté
• RFI Afrique
• Voix de l'Afrique

 Guinea-Bissau

• Radio Televisão da Guiné-Bissau or RTGB is the state broadcaster of Guinea-Bissau.
  • Radiodiffusão Nacional do Guinea
  • + Several local radio stations
• RDP África
• RFI Afrique

 Kenya

• Kenya Broadcasting Corporation or KBC, is the state broadcaster of Kenya. Broadcasts in Swahili, English and other local dialects in Kenya.
  • KBC Radio Taifa
  • KBC English Service
  • KBC Eastern
  • Coro FM
  • Pwani FM
• BBC WS Africa
• Biblia Husema Radio
• Capital FM
• CRI Nairobi 91.9 FM (China Radio International)
• Classic 105 FM
• East FM
• Easy FM
• EATN Radio
• Family Radio
• Hope FM
• Hot96
• Inooro FM
• Kameme FM
• Kass FM
• Kiss 100 FM
• Milele FM
• Radio Waumini
• Ramogi FM
• RFI Afrique
• RHI
• Sayare Radio
• SIFA
• Sirwo Radio
• Sound Asia Radio
• West FM
• VOA America
• Kenya Radio Stations Online
• Kenya FM Radio Online

 Lesotho

 Liberia

• Liberia Broadcasting System or LBS, is the state broadcaster of Liberia.
  • Radio Liberia
• BBC WS Africa
• Magic 99.2 FM
• Buffalo VOA 94.1 FM
• Love FM
• RFI Afrique
• Sky FM
• STAR radio
• UNMIL Radio
• Hott FM 107.9

 Libya

• Libyan Radio and Television or LRT, is the state broadcaster of Libya.
• Al Aan FM uses 105.3 MHz across the country, covering the following cities:
  • Al Bayda
  • Al Marj
  • Benghazi
  • Jadu
  • Misrata
  • Labraq
  • Nalut
  • Sabha
  • Sirte
  • Susah
  • Tobruk
  • Tripoli

• Radio Libya
• Al-Shababiyah
• Al-Itha'ah al-Wataniya
• BBC World Service
• BBC WS Arabic
• Libya FM
• Monte Carlo Doualiya
• Tribute FM
• Voice of Free Libya

 Madagascar

• Radio Nationale Malagasy is the state broadcaster of Madagascar.
• Radio Don Bosco or RDB
• Radio Antsiva
• Radio Television Analamanga or RTA
  • Radio Analamanga
• Alliance FM
• BBC WS Africa
• Fréquence Plus
• RFI Afrique
• RFI Musique
• Top Radio
• VOA Africa
• Radio Lazan'Iarivo or RLI

 Malawi

• Malawi Broadcasting Corporation or MBC, is the state broadcaster of Malawi.
  • Radio 1
  • Radio 2
• BBC WS Africa
• Capital 102.5 FM - Nationwide
• Joy Radio
• MIJ Radio
• Power 101 FM
• Radio Islam
• Sawati F.M
• Radio Maria
• Star FM
• TWR Africa - Nationwide
• ZBS

 Mali

• Office de Radiodiffusion Television du Mali or ORTM, is the state broadcaster of Mali.
  • Radio Mali
  • Chaîne 2
  • Radio Rurale
• Aadar FM
• BBC WS Africa
• Jamakan Radio
• Radio Jamana
• RFI Afrique

 Mauritania

• Radio Mauritanie is the state broadcaster of Mauritania.
  • Radio Mauritanie National
  • Radio Mauritanie Régional
• BBC WS Africa
• Holy Qur'an Program
• Monte Carlo Doualiya
• RFI Afrique

 Mauritius

 Mayotte

• Mayotte 1re (A public radio/television broadcaster owned by France Télévisions for the overseas department of Mayotte.)
• France Inter
• Musique Info Mayotte (MIM)
• Radio Lagon
• Radio Culturelle Mahoraise (RCM)
• Virgin Radio

 Morocco

• Société Nationale de Radiodiffusion et de Télévision or SNRT is the state broadcaster of Morocco.
  • Chaîne Nationale
  • Chaîne Inter
  • SNRT Quran
  • SNRT Arabic
• Atlantic Radio
• Cap Radio
• Casa FM
• Chada FM
• Hit Radio
• Luxe Radio
• Médi 1
• Médina FM
• MED Radio
• MFM
• Radio 2M

 Mozambique

• Rádio Moçambique is the state broadcaster of Mozambique.
  • Antena Nacional
• 99FM
• BBC WS Africa
• LM Radio
• Radio Índico
• Radio Maria
• RDP África
• RFI Afrique

 Namibia

• Namibian Broadcasting Corporation or NBC, is the state broadcaster of Namibia.
  • NBC National Radio 1 (English)
  • NBC National Radio 2 (Afrikaans)
  • NBC National Radio 3 (German)
  • + Other radio stations of NBC operate in several local languages
• Hitradio Namibia: first commercial German-language radio station in Namibia, broadcasting in the central and coastal areas as well as by a live stream.
• Channel 7: Broadcasting on 104.5 FM in Windhoek. Christian community station. The widest reach (number of transmitters throughout the country) of any Namibian radio station (except Namibian Broadcasting Corporation).
• Katutura Community Radio: Broadcasts on 106.2 FM in Windhoek. Community radio station based in a Windhoek suburb - Katutura.
• Kudu FM
• Omulunga Radio
• 99FM: English medium, commercial radio station. www.99fm.com.na
• Radio Energy 100FM
• RFI Afrique: Broadcasting on 107.9 FM in Windhoek. Relay of French speaking radio channel in Windhoek
• UNAM Radio: Community Radio broadcast from University of Namibia on 97.4 FM only within the city of Windhoek and surrounding areas
• West Coast FM: Broadcasting on 107.7 FM in Swakopmund and 106.9 FM in Walvis Bay. The only station in the Erongo Region broadcasting live, 24/7 from Swakopmund. Adult contemporary with a touch of local. Visit www.westcoastfmnamibia.com for further information and to listen online.

 Niger

• Office de Radiodiffusion-Télévision du Niger or ORTN, is the state broadcaster of Niger.
  • Voix du Sahel
• Anfani FM
• BBC WS Africa
• RFI Afrique
• Saraounia FM

 Nigeria

XMRadio1, new music, digital audio contents and new age radio shows.^[1]

• 234Radio - Internet Radio; broadcasts from Nigeria, UK, USA and Jamaica - www.234radio.com. 234Radio is also available on Android and iOS platforms.

 Réunion

• Réunion 1ère (Is the public radio/television broadcaster owned by France Télévisions for the overseas department of Réunion)
• Radio France is the state broadcaster of France, which also broadcast some stations in La Réunion and Mayotte.
  • France Inter
  • France Musique
  • France Culture
• 100% Jazz
• Chérie FM
• Exo FM
• First La Réunion
• Fun Radio
• HitFM
• KOI (Kanal Océan Indien)
• Kréol FM
• Nostalgie
• Radio 102 FM
• Radio Arc-En-Ciel
• Radio Est Réunion
• Radio Festival
• Radio Free
• RSL (Radio Rivière Saint Louis)
• Radio Sky
• Radio Sud
• RIL FM - Radio Des Îles
• RZFM
• Top FM

 Rwanda

• Rwandan Office of Information or ORINFOR, is the state broadcaster of Rwanda.
  • Radio Rwanda
• BBC WS Africa
• Choice FM
• City Radio
• Contact FM
• Deutsche Welle
• Flash FM
• Musekeweya
• Radio 10 FM
• Radio Maria
• Radio Maria
• RFI Afrique
• Radio Umucyo
• Radio Flash FM
• Voice of Africa
• VOA-Kigali FM
• Radio Salus FM

 Saint Helena

• Saint fm community radio broadcasts 24/7 and is available on the Internet
• SAMS Radio (South Atlantic Media Services)
  • SAMS Radio 1 - Broadcasts 24/7 in Saint Helena
  • SAMS Radio 2 - The second radio channel that carries BBC World Service, 24/7

 São Tomé and Príncipe

• Radio Nacional São Tomé is the state's public radio broadcaster.
• Maná Radio
• RDP África
• RFI Afrique
• VOA Africa

 Senegal

• Radiodiffusion Télévision Sénégalaise or RTS, is the state broadcaster of Senegal.
  • RTS Chaîne Nationale
  • RTS Chaîne Regionale
  • Radio Sénégal International
  • Dakar FM
  • Mag FM
• BBC WS Africa
• Dunyaa FM
• Express FM
• Nostalgie
• Océan FM
• RFI Afrique
• Radio Future Médias (RFM)
• Sénégal Info
• Sud FM
• Wal Fadjri FM
• West Africa Democracy Radio
• Hit Radio Senegal

 Seychelles

• BBC WS Africa
• Paradise FM
• Radyo Sesel
• Pure FM
• RFI Afrique

 Sierra Leone

• Capital Radio - Freetown, Sierra Leone
• Radio France International - 89.9 FM Freetown
• Radio Maria
• Sky FM
• SLBC FM

 Somalia

• Radio Muqdisho, the state government-run radio station of Somalia.
• BBC Somali Service
• BBC WS Arabic
• Gool FM
• Puntland TV and Radio
• Radio Kulmiye KNN
• Horseed Radio
• One Nation Radio
• Radio Bar-Kulan
• Radio Banadir
• Radio Daljir
• Radio Dalsan
• Radio Daldoon laascaanood
• Radio Gaalkacyo
• Radio Garowe
• Radio Kulmiye
• Radio Maandeeq, FM frequency, independent private radio in Gedo region on Juba Valley.
• Radio Maanta
• Radio Markableey, independent FM radio in Bardera, Gedo
• Radio Somaliland
• Radio Xamar/Voice of Democracy
• Radio Xurmo
• Radio Shabelle
• Radio STN
• SBC Radio
• VOA Somali

 South Africa

• All Jazz Radio http://tunein.com/radio/All-Jazz-Radio-s140698]] - Africa's only 24/7 volunteer driven online radio station streaming daily from Cape Town, playing more and all jazz from Africa and the global village. All Jazz Radio is the place where Jazz, Blues, Latin & World jazz lovers of South Africa, Africa and The Global Village meet to share a common interest and lifestyle on the world wide web, all day, everyday.
• Soweto iRadio - www.sowetoiradio.co.za

 South Sudan

• BBC WS Africa
• BBC WS Arabic
• Bakhita Radio (Juba)
• Emmanuel Radio (Torit)
• Easter Radio (Yei)
• Voice of Hope (Wau)
• Anisa Radio (Yambio)
• Good News (Rumbek)
• Sout al Mahaba (Malakal)
• Radio Don Bosco (Torit)
• Miraya FM
• Monte Carlo Doualiya
• RFI Afrique

 Sudan

• Miraya FM
• Radio Dabanga
• SRTC Sudan Radio
• Voice of Peace
  • Sudan National Radio
  • FM 100
  • Salam Radio
  • Quran Radio
  • Wadi Nile Valley Radio

 Swaziland

• Swaziland Broadcasting and Information Services or SBIS, is the state broadcaster of Swaziland.
  • Radio 1 (Siswati)
  • Radio 2 (English)
• One FM
• TWR Africa

 Tanzania

• Tanzania Broadcasting Corporation TBC
  • TBC FM
  • TBC Taifa
• Abood Radio
• Bongo Radio (Online Radio Station)
• Clouds FM
• Country FM
• East Africa Radio
• Ebony FM
• HHC Alive Radio (Christian Radio)
• Info Radio
• Kwa Neema FM
• Living Water FM
• Magic FM
• Mambo Jambo FM
• Mbeya Highlands FM
• Pride FM Radio
• Radio Free Africa
• Radio Imaan (Islamic Radio)
• Radio Maria
• Radio One
• Radio Safina (Christian Radio)
• Times FM
• WAPO Rado

 Tristan da Cunha

• Atlantic FM
• BFBS Radio
• Saint FM
• Tristan Radio

 Togo

• BBC World Service Africa
• Canal Educatif Francophone
• Radio Jesus Vous Aime JVA
• Radio Maria Togo
• RDT Radio
• RFI Afrique
• Zephyr FM
• Hit Radio Togo

 Tunisia

• Établissement de la Radiodiffusion-Télévision Tunisienne or the ERTT, is the state broadcaster of Tunisia.
  • Radio Nationale
  • Radio Culture
  • Radio Jeunes
  • RTCI Radio Tunis Chaîne Internationale
  • + Local radio stations
• ElKef Radio
• Express FM
• Jawhara FM
• Gafsa Radio
• Mosaïque FM
• Mounastir Radio
• Radio iFM
• Radio Sfax
• Shems FM
• Tataouine Radio
• Ulysse FM
• Radio Campus Tunis
• Zitouna FM

 Uganda

• Uganda Broadcasting Corporation or UBC, is the state radio broadcaster of Uganda.
  • UBC Radio Uganda (National)
  • Red Channel
  • Blue Channel
  • Star FM
  • Magic 100
  • Mega FM
• Bana U Radio
• Basoga Baino FM 87.7
• BBC WS Africa
• Beat FM 96.3
• CBS FM Buganda
• 91.3 Capital FM
• Hot 100 Uganda
• Impact FM
• Jubilee Radio 105.6 Fort Portal
• K-FM (93.3)
• Mega FM Gulu 102
• Namirembe FM 93.9
• NBS FM 89.4 Jinja
• Pearl FM 107.9
• Power FM 104.1
• Radio Maria
• Radio One FM
• Radio5 99.7 FM
• Radio ABC
• Radio City FM
• Radio Sapientia 94.4 FM
• Radio Wa 89.8 FM Lira
• RFI Afrique
• Sanyu FM
• Spirit FM 96.6
• Touch FM 95.9
• Tropical Radio 88.4 FM
• Vision Radio 89.1
• 94.8 XFM
• Radio West 100.2
• Radio Rukungiri
• Radio Ankole
• Voice of Tooro
• Kinkiizi Radio
• Crooze Fm
• Radio Endigyito
• Hunter Fm
• Voice of Kigezi
• 100.2 Pakwach Fm
• RFM Radio - 91.1 Iganga

 Western Sahara

• Société Nationale de Radiodiffusion et de Télévision or SNRT which is the state broadcaster of Morocco, is also the state broadcaster in Western Sahara.
  • SNRT Al Idaâ Al-Watania (National)
  • SNRT Al Idaâ Al Amazighia
  • SNRT Quran
  • Chaîne Inter
• Aswat Radio
• Chada FM
• Hit Radio
• Médi 1
• MED Radio
• MFM Sahara
• Radio 2M
• Radio Nacional de la R.A.S.D.

 Zambia

• 5FM Radio Zambia
• AMA Radio 93.3 FM
• BBC World Service Africa
• Breeze FM - 89.3 FM Chipata, 89.7 FM Lundazi, 98.9 FM Katete
• Comet 93.7 Fm
• Flava FM - 87.7 FM - Kitwe
• Kokoliko FM - 94.9 FM - Chingola
• Hot FM 87.7 FM Lusaka
• Joy FM Zambia 106.9
• Komboni Radio 94.9 FM^[2]
• Mazabuka Community Radio MAZ FM - 100.9
• Metro FM - 94.5 Midlands
• Radio Chikuni 91.9 FM
• Radio France International - 100.5 FM Lusaka & 92.5 FM Kitwe
• Radio Icengelo 89.1 FM - Kitwe
• Radio Liseli Oblate
• Radio Lyambai
• Radio Mano - 89.1 FM Kasawa
• Radio Maranatha - 103.3 FM - Kabwe
• KNC Radio-101.7FM Kabwe 91.9 Fm Kapiri
• Radio Maria - 88.5 FM Chipata & 94.5 FM Nyimba District
• Radio Musi-O-Tunya
• Radio Phoenix 89.5 FM - Lusaka (100.5 FM - Kitwe)
• Radio Q-FM-Zambia
• Sun FM Zambia 88.5 Ndola City
• Zambezi FM 107.7 ( Livingstone, Kazungula, Zimba and parts of Kalomo,including the added parts into Zimbabwe hinterlands, Botswana and Namibia making it the only Zambian commercial radio station that broadcasting in Nambia) ^[3]
• The Word Station - Lusaka (Coming soon)
• ZNBC (Zambia National Broadcasting Corporation)
  • ZNBC Radio 1
  • ZNBC Radio 2
  • ZNBC Radio 4

 Zimbabwe

• Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation or ZBC, is the state-controlled broadcaster of Zimbabwe, and operates four radio networks.
  • ZBC Radio Zimbabwe (broadcasting in English, Shona, Ndebele)
  • ZBC National FM (the second radio station of ZBC)
  • ZBC 3FM Power FM(radio for the youth, broadcasting mainly in English)
  • ZBC Spot FM (info and sports radio station)
• Community Radio Harare CORAH FM
• Getjenge Community Radio
• Hwamanda Christian Radio
• Nehanda Radio (Internet Radio Station)
• Radio Voice of the People
• SW Radio Africa (Broadcasting from London, UK)
• Star FM
• ZiFM Stereo

See also

• Media of Africa
• Lists of newspapers in Africa
• List of television stations in Africa
• Internet in Africa
• Radio in other continents:
  • Lists of radio stations in Asia
  • Lists of radio stations in Europe
  • Lists of radio stations in North America
  • Lists of radio stations in South America
  • Lists of radio stations in the South Pacific and Oceania

Notes and references

Bibliography

• Kwame Anthony Appiah; Henry Louis Gates, eds. (2005). "African Radio". Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 503+. ISBN 978-0-19-517055-9. 

External links

• FM Online Streaming worldwide database of FM stations
• FMSCAN worldwide FM reception prediction
• Ecouter Radio Rn Direct worldwide database of MW and LW stations
• MWSCAN worldwide MW and SW reception prediction
• AfricaRadios worldwide database of MW and LW stations