List of state leaders in 1925

This is a list of heads of state, government leaders, and other rulers in the year 1925.

Africa

• Egypt
  • Monarch - Fuad I, King of Egypt (1917–1936)^[1]
  • Prime Minister - Ahmad Ziwar Pasha, Prime Minister of Egypt (1924–1926)
•  Ethiopia
  • Monarch - Zewditu, Empress of Ethiopia (1916–1930)
  • Regent - Ras Tafari Makonnen, Regent of Ethiopia (1916–1930)
  • Chief Minister - Habte Giyorgis Dinagde, Chief Minister of Ethiopia (1909–1927)
•  Liberia
  • President - Charles D. B. King, President of Liberia (1920–1930)
• Rif Republic (unrecognized secessionist state)
  • President - Abd el-Krim, President of the Rif Republic (1921–1926)
• South Africa
  • Monarch - George V, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1910–1936)
  • Governor-General - Alexander Cambridge, Earl of Athlone, Governor-General of South Africa (1924–1931)
  • Prime Minister - J. B. M. Hertzog, Prime Minister of South Africa (1924–1939)

Asia

• Afghanistan
  • Monarch - Amanullah Khan, Emir of Afghanistan (1919–1929)
• Asir
  • Monarch - Sayyid Ali ibn Muhammad al-Idrisi al-Hasani, Emir of Asir (1923–1926)
• Bukhara
  • incorporated into the Uzbek SSR of the Soviet Union on 17 February 1925
  • Head of State - Porsa Khodzhayev, Chairman of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of Bukhara (1922–1925)
• China
  • Beiyang Government
    • Head of State - Duan Qirui, Provisional Chief Executive of China (1924–1926)
    • Premier - Xu Shiying, Premier of State Council of China (1925–1926)
  •  Nationalist Government
    • Head of State -
      1. Sun Yat-sen, Generalissimo of the National Government of China (1923–1925)
      2. Hu Hanmin, Acting Generalissimo of the National Government of China (1925)
      3. Wang Jingwei, Chairman of the National Government of China (1925–1926)
  • Tibet (unrecognized, de facto independent country)
    • Monarch - Thubten Gyatso, Dalai Lama (1879–1933)
• Hejaz
  • invaded by Nejd on 19 December 1925
  • Monarch - Ali bin Hussein, King of Hejaz (1924–1925)
•  Japan
  • Monarch - Yoshihito, Emperor of Japan (1912–1926)
  • Regent - Crown Prince Hirohito, Regent of Japan (1921–1926)
  • Prime Minister - Count Katō Takaaki, Prime Minister of Japan (1924–1926)
• Khorezm
  • incorporated into the Uzbek SSR of the Soviet Union on 17 February 1925
  • Head of State - Temurkhoja Yaminoghli, Chairman of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of Khorezm (1924–1925)
• Mongolia
  • Communist Party Leader - Tseren-Ochiryn Dambadorj, Chairman of the Central Committee of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (1924–1928)
  • Head of State - Peljidiin Genden, Chairman of the Presidium of the State Little Khural of Mongolia (1924–1927)
  • Premier - Balingiin Tserendorj, Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of Mongolia (1923–1928)
• Muscat and Oman
  • Monarch - Taimur bin Feisal, Sultan of Muscat and Oman (1913–1932)
• Nejd
  • Monarch - Ibn Saud, Sultan of Nejd (1902–1953)^[2]
• Nepal
  • Monarch - Tribhuvan, King of Nepal (1911–1950)
  • Prime Minister - Chandra Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana, Maharaja of Lamjung and Kaski, Prime Minister of Nepal (1901–1929)
• Persia
  • the Sublime State of Persia was superseded by Imperial State of Persia in October 1925
  • Monarch -
    1. Ahmad Shah Qajar, Shah of Persia (1909–1925)
    2. Reza Shah, Shah of Persia (1925–1941)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Reza Khan, Prime Minister of Persia (1923–1925)
    2. Mohammad-Ali Foroughi, Prime Minister of Persia (1925–1926)
•  Siam
  • Monarch -
    1. Vajiravudh, King of Siam (1910–1925)
    2. Prajadhipok, King of Siam (1925–1935)
• Tannu Tuva
  • Communist Party Leader - Shagdyr, General Secretary of the Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party (1924–1926)
  • Head of State - Nimachyan, Chairman of the Presidium of the Little Hural of Tannu Tuva (1924–1929)
  • Premier -
    1. Soyan Oruygu, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Tannu Tuva (1924–1925)
    2. Donduk Kuular, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Tannu Tuva (1925–1929)
•  Turkey
  • President - Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, President of Turkey (1923–1938)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Fethi Okyar, Prime Minister of Turkey (1924–1925)
    2. İsmet İnönü, Prime Minister of Turkey (1925–1937)
• Yemen (unrecognized state)
  • Monarch - Yahya Muhammad Hamid ed-Din, Imam of Yemen (1904–1948)^[3]

Australia and Oceania

•  Australia
  • Monarch - George V, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1910–1936)
  • Governor-General -
    1. Henry Forster, Baron Forster, Governor-General of Australia (1920–1925)
    2. John Baird, Baron Stonehaven, Governor-General of Australia (1925–1931)
  • Prime Minister - Stanley Bruce, Prime Minister of Australia (1923–1929)
• New Zealand
  • Monarch - George V, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1910–1936)
  • Governor-General - Sir Charles Fergusson, Governor-General of New Zealand (1924–1930)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. William Massey, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1912–1925)
    2. Sir Francis Bell, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1925)
    3. Gordon Coates, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1925–1928)

Europe

• Albania
  • the Principality of Albania was superseded by the Albanian Republic on 31 January 1925
  • Head of State -
    1. High Council of Regency, Head of State of Albania (1920–1925)
    2. Ahmet Zogu, President of Albania (1925–1939)^[4]
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Iliaz Vrioni, Prime Minister of Albania (1924–1925)
    2. Ahmet Zogu, Prime Minister of Albania (1925)
•  Andorra
  • Monarchs -
    • French Co-Prince - Gaston Doumergue, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1924–1931)
      • Co-Prince's Representative - Charles Romeu (1887–1933)
    • Episcopal Co-Prince - Justí Guitart i Vilardebó, Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra (1920–1940)
      • Co-Prince's Representative - Joseph de Riba (1915–1933)
  • First Syndic - Pere Font, First Syndic of Andorra (1924–1927)
• Austria
  • President - Michael Hainisch, Federal President of Austria (1920–1928)
  • Chancellor - Rudolf Ramek, Federal Chancellor of Austria (1924–1926)
•  Belgium
  • Monarch - Albert I, King of the Belgians (1909–1934)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Georges Theunis, Prime Minister of Belgium (1921–1925)
    2. Aloys Van de Vyvere, Prime Minister of Belgium (1925)
    3. Viscount Prosper Poullet, Prime Minister of Belgium (1925–1926)
•  Bulgaria
  • Monarch - Boris III, Tsar of the Bulgarians (1918–1943)
  • Premier - Aleksandar Tsankov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria (1923–1926)
• Czechoslovakia
  • President - Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk, President of Czechoslovakia (1918–1935)
  • Prime Minister - Antonín Švehla, Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (1922–1926)
•  Danzig (free city under League of Nations protection)
  • High Commissioner -
    1. Mervyn Sorley McDonnell, League of Nations High Commissioner for Danzig (1923–1925)
    2. Joost Adriaan van Hamel, League of Nations High Commissioner for Danzig (1925–1929)
  • Head of State - Heinrich Sahm, President of the Senate of Danzig (1920–1931)
•  Denmark
  • Monarch - Christian X, King of Denmark (1912–1947)
  • Prime Minister - Thorvald Stauning, Prime Minister of Denmark (1924–1926)
•  Estonia
  • Head of State -
    1. Jüri Jaakson, State Elder of Estonia (1924–1925)
    2. Jaan Teemant, State Elder of Estonia (1925–1927)
•  Finland
  • President -
    1. Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg, President of Finland (1919–1925)
    2. Lauri Kristian Relander, President of Finland (1925–1931)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Lauri Ingman, Prime Minister of Finland (1924–1925)
    2. Antti Tulenheimo, Prime Minister of Finland (1925)
    3. Kyösti Kallio, Prime Minister of Finland (1925–1926)
• France
  • President - Gaston Doumergue, President of France (1924–1931)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Édouard Herriot, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1924–1925)
    2. Paul Painlevé, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1925)
    3. Aristide Briand, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1925–1926)
•  Germany
  • President -
    1. Friedrich Ebert, President of Germany (1919–1925)
    2. Hans Luther, Acting President of Germany (1925)
    3. Walter Simons, Acting President of Germany (1925)
    4. Paul von Hindenburg, President of Germany (1925–1934)
  • Chancellor -
    1. Wilhelm Marx, Chancellor of Germany (1923–1925)
    2. Hans Luther, Chancellor of Germany (1925–1926)
• Greece
  • President - Pavlos Kountouriotis, President of Greece (1924–1926)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Andreas Michalakopoulos, Prime Minister of Greece (1924–1925)
    2. Theodoros Pangalos, Prime Minister of Greece (1925–1926)
• Hungary
  • Head of State - Miklós Horthy, Regent of Hungary (1920–1944)
  • Prime Minister - Count István Bethlen, Prime Minister of Hungary (1921–1931)
• Iceland
  • Monarch - Christian X, King of Iceland (1918–1944)
  • Prime Minister - Jón Magnússon, Prime Minister of Iceland (1924–1926)
•  Ireland
  • Monarch - George V, King of Ireland (1922–1936)
  • Governor-General - Tim Healy, Governor-General of Ireland (1922–1928)
  • Head of Government - W. T. Cosgrave, President of the Executive Council of Ireland (1922–1932)
•  Italy
  • Monarch - Victor Emmanuel III, King of Italy (1900–1946)
  • Prime Minister - Benito Mussolini, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (1922–1943)
•  Latvia
  • President - Jānis Čakste, President of Latvia (1918–1927)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Hugo Celmiņš, Prime Minister of Latvia (1924–1925)
    2. Kārlis Ulmanis, Prime Minister of Latvia (1925–1926)
•  Liechtenstein
  • Monarch - Johann II, Prince of Liechtenstein (1859–1929)
  • Head of Government - Gustav Schädler, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1922–1928)
• Lithuania
  • President - Aleksandras Stulginskis, President of Lithuania (1920–1926)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Antanas Tumėnas, Prime Minister of Lithuania (1924–1925)
    2. Vytautas Petrulis, Prime Minister of Lithuania (1925)
    3. Leonas Bistras, Prime Minister of Lithuania (1925–1926)
•  Luxembourg
  • Monarch - Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (1919–1964)^[5]
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Émile Reuter, President of the Government of Luxembourg (1918–1925)
    2. Pierre Prüm, President of the Government of Luxembourg (1925–1926)
•  Monaco
  • Monarch - Louis II, Prince of Monaco (1922–1949)
  • Head of Government - Maurice Piette, Minister of State of Monaco (1923–1932)
•  Netherlands
  • Monarch - Wilhelmina, Queen of the Netherlands (1890–1948)^[5]
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Charles Ruijs de Beerenbrouck, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Netherlands (1918–1925)
    2. Hendrikus Colijn, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Netherlands (1925–1926)
•  Norway
  • Monarch - Haakon VII, King of Norway (1905–1957)^[5]
  • Prime Minister - Johan Ludwig Mowinckel, Prime Minister of Norway (1924–1926)
• Poland
  • President - Stanisław Wojciechowski, President of Poland (1922–1926)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Władysław Grabski, President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1923–1925)
    2. Aleksander Skrzyński, President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1925–1926)
• Portugal
  • President -
    1. Manuel Teixeira Gomes, President of Portugal (1923–1925)
    2. Bernardino Machado, President of Portugal (1925–1926)
  • Premier -
    1. José Domingues dos Santos, President of the Ministry of Portugal (1924–1925)
    2. Vitorino Guimarães, President of the Ministry of Portugal (1925)
    3. António Maria da Silva, President of the Ministry of Portugal (1925)
    4. Domingos Pereira, President of the Ministry of Portugal (1925)
    5. António Maria da Silva, President of the Ministry of Portugal (1925–1926)
•  Romania
  • Monarch - Ferdinand I, King of the Romanians (1914–1927)
  • Premier - Ion I. C. Brătianu, President of the Council of Ministers of Romania (1922–1926)
•  San Marino
  • Captains Regent -
    1. Francesco Morri and Girolamo Gozi, Captains Regent of San Marino (1924–1925)
    2. Marino Fattori and Augusto Mularoni, Captains Regent of San Marino (1925)
    3. Valerio Pasquali and Marco Marcucci, Captains Regent of San Marino (1925–1926)
•  Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
  • Monarch - Alexander I, King of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (1921–1934)
  • Prime Minister - Nikola Pašić, Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (1924–1926)
•  Soviet Union
  • Communist Party Leader - Joseph Stalin, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1922–1953)
  • Head of State - Mikhail Kalinin, Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the Congress of Soviets of the Soviet Union (1919–1946)^[6]
  • Premier - Alexei Rykov, Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union (1924–1930)
• Spain
  • Monarch - Alfonso XIII, King of Spain (1886–1931)
  • Prime Minister - Miguel Primo de Rivera, Marquis of Estella, President of the Council of Ministers of Spain (1923–1930)
•  Sweden
  • Monarch - Gustaf V, King of Sweden (1907–1950)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Hjalmar Branting, Prime Minister of Sweden (1924–1925)
    2. Rickard Sandler, Prime Minister of Sweden (1925–1926)
•   Switzerland
  • Federal Council:^[7]

    Giuseppe Motta (1911–1940), Edmund Schulthess (1912–1935), Robert Haab (1917–1929), Ernest Chuard (1919–1928), Karl Scheurer (1919–1929), Jean-Marie Musy (1919–1934, President), Heinrich Häberlin (1920–1934)

•  United Kingdom
  • Monarch - George V, King of the United Kingdom (1910–1936)
  • Prime Minister - Stanley Baldwin, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1924–1929)

North America and the Caribbean

•  Canada
  • Monarch - George V, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1910–1936)
  • Governor General - Julian Byng, Baron Byng of Vimy, Governor General of Canada (1921–1926)
  • Prime Minister - William Lyon Mackenzie King, Prime Minister of Canada (1921–1926)
•  Costa Rica
  • President - Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno, President of Costa Rica (1924–1928)
• Cuba
  • President -
    1. Alfredo Zayas y Alfonso, President of Cuba (1921–1925)
    2. Gerardo Machado, President of Cuba (1925–1933)
•  Dominican Republic
  • President - Horacio Vásquez, President of the Dominican Republic (1924–1930)
•  El Salvador
  • President - Alfonso Quiñónez Molina, President of El Salvador (1923–1927)
•  Guatemala
  • President - José María Orellana, President of Guatemala (1921–1926)
•  Haiti (under US occupation)
  • High Commissioner - John H. Russell, Jr., High Commissioner to Haiti (1919–1930)
  • President - Louis Borno, President of Haiti (1922–1930)
•  Honduras
  • President -
    1. Vicente Tosta, Provisional President of Honduras (1924–1925)
    2. Miguel Paz Barahona, President of Honduras (1925–1929)
•  Mexico
  • President - Plutarco Elías Calles, President of Mexico (1924–1928)
•  Newfoundland
  • Monarch - George V, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1910–1936)
  • Governor - Sir William Allardyce, Governor of Newfoundland (1922–1928)
  • Prime Minister - Walter Stanley Monroe, Prime Minister of Newfoundland (1924–1928)
•  Nicaragua
  • President -
    1. Bartolomé Martínez, President of Nicaragua (1923–1925)
    2. Carlos José Solórzano, President of Nicaragua (1925–1926)
•  Panama
  • President - Rodolfo Chiari, President of Panama (1924–1928)
•  United States
  • President - Calvin Coolidge, President of the United States (1923–1929)

South America

•  Argentina
  • President - Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear, President of Argentina (1922–1928)
•  Bolivia
  • President -
    1. Bautista Saavedra, President of Bolivia (1921–1925)
    2. Felipe S. Guzmán, Provisional President of Bolivia (1925–1926)
• Brazil
  • President - Artur Bernardes, President of Brazil (1922–1926)
•  Chile
  • Head of State -
    1. Luis Altamirano, Chairman of the Government Junta of Chile (1924–1925)
    2. Pedro Dartnell, Chairman of the Government Junta of Chile (1925)
    3. Emilio Bello, Chairman of the Government Junta of Chile (1925)
    4. Arturo Alessandri, President of Chile (1925)
    5. Luis Barros Borgoño, Acting President of Chile (1925)
    6. Emiliano Figueroa, President of Chile (1925–1927)
•  Colombia
  • President - Pedro Nel Ospina Váquez, President of Colombia (1922–1926)
•  Ecuador
  • Head of State -
    1. Gonzalo Córdova, President of Ecuador (1924–1925)
    2. Luis Telmo Paz y Miño, Chairman of the Supreme Military Junta of Ecuador (1925)
    3. Provisional Government Junta, Head of State of Ecuador (1925–1926)
•  Paraguay
  • President - Eligio Ayala, President of Paraguay (1924–1928)
•  Peru
  • President - Augusto B. Leguía, President of Peru (1919–1930)
  • Prime Minister - Alejandrino Maguiña, President of the council of ministers of Peru (1924–1926)
•  Uruguay
  • President - José Serrato, President of Uruguay (1923–1927)
•  Venezuela
  • President - Juan Vicente Gómez, President of Venezuela (1922–1929)

References

1. ↑ Egypt only became independent in 1922.
2. ↑ Ibn Saud was Emir of Nejd and Hasa between 1902 and 1921, Sultan of Nejd between 1921 and 1927, King of Nejd between 1927 and 1932 additionally King of Hejaz between 1926 and 1932 (collectively referred to as King of Nejd and Hejaz), and King of Saudi Arabia from 1932.
3. ↑ Yemen only became independent in 1918.
4. ↑ Ahmet Zogu ruled as King of the Albanians from 1928, under the regnal name of Zog I.
5. 1 2 3 In exile between 1940 and 1945.
6. ↑ Kalinin was head of state of Russia (Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets) from 1919 to 1938, and head of state of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1946.
7. ↑ The seven member Swiss Federal Council is the collective head of state and the government of Switzerland. Within the Council, the President of the Swiss Confederation serves solely in a primus inter pares capacity for one year.

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