List of space travelers by nationality

The criteria for determining who has achieved human spaceflight vary. The FAI defines spaceflight as any flight over 100 kilometres (62 mi). In the United States, professional, military, and commercial astronauts who travel above an altitude of 80 kilometres (50 mi) are awarded astronaut wings. The majority of people who have flown into space have done so by entering Earth orbit. This list includes persons meeting all three criteria, in separate subdivisions.

The flags indicate the space traveler's nationality at the time of their flight or flights. In cases of dual citizenship, the space traveler is listed under their primary residence. A secondary list appended to the entry for the Soviet Union. shows the birth countries of space travelers not born in Russia. A similar list after the entry for the United States shows the birth countries of space travelers who are or were citizens of the U.S. but were born elsewhere. Flags shown in the secondary lists are those in use at the time of the space travelers' birth.^[1]

Names in italic are space travelers who are not part of any national astronaut program or astronaut corps (Toyohiro Akiyama, Helen Sharman, the Space Adventures customers and the sub-orbital SpaceShipOne pilots).

Except for the SpaceShipOne pilots, all of the space travellers have been crew or participants aboard flights launched by China, the Soviet Union/Russia or the United States.

Statistics

As of May 2017, people from 37 countries have traveled in space.^[2] 547 people have reached Earth orbit. 550 have reached the altitude of space according to the FAI definition of the boundary of space, and 556 people have reached the altitude of space according to the American definition. Only 24 people have traveled beyond low Earth orbit.

Of the 37 countries whose citizens have traveled into Earth orbit, 26 have only flown a single space traveler, and 4 others^[3] have only flown 2 each. 94% of all space travelers have been contributed by the following eight nations:

¹ Includes 61 Soviet cosmonauts and 11 cosmonauts who flew for both Russia and the Soviet Union.
² Includes both national space programme activity and European Space Agency participation.
³ Includes astronauts from the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic.

Suborbital space fliers

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

The Soviet Union never launched a spaceflight intended as suborbital. The following persons were launched aboard Soyuz 18a, intended as orbital, but which was forced to abort before reaching orbit, after reaching suborbital space.^[4]

1. Vasili Lazarev — Soyuz 18a (1975). Also orbited aboard Soyuz 12 (1973).
2. Oleg Makarov — Soyuz 18a (1975). Also orbited aboard Soyuz 12 (1973), Soyuz 27 (1978), Soyuz 26 (1978) and Soyuz T-3 (1980).

United States

The following persons flew or were launched into the upper atmosphere, above 100 km, which counts as a space flight by FAI guidelines:

1. Alan Shepard (1923–1998), first American in space — Mercury 3 (1961). Also orbited and flew to the moon aboard Apollo 14 (1971).
2. Joseph A. Walker (1921–1966), USAF X-15 astronaut — X-15 Flight 90 (1963), X-15 Flight 91 (1963).
3. Gus Grissom (1926–1967) — Mercury 4 (1961). Also orbited aboard Gemini 3 (1965).
4. Mike Melvill, born in Johannesburg, South Africa — SpaceShipOne flight 15P (2004), SpaceShipOne flight 16P (2004).
5. Brian Binnie — SpaceShipOne flight 17P (2004).

The following persons flew into the upper atmosphere between 80 and 100 km, which counts as space flight by United States guidelines:

1. Robert M. White (1924–2010) — X-15 Flight 62 (1962).
2. Joseph A. Walker (1921–1966) — X-15 Flight 77 (1963). Also flew above 100 km.
3. Robert A. Rushworth (1924–1993) — X-15 Flight 87 (1963).
4. Michael J. Adams (1930–1967) — X-15 Flight 191 (1963).
5. Joseph H. Engle — X-15 Flights 138 (1965), 143 (1965), and 153 (1965). Also orbited.
6. John B. McKay (1922–1975) — X-15 Flight 150 (1965).
7. William H. Dana (1930–2014) — X-15 Flights 174 (1966) and 197 (1968).
8. William J. Knight (1929–2004) — X-15 Flight 190 (1967).

Orbital space travelers

Afghanistan

1. Abdul Ahad Mohmand (Intercosmos), first Afghan in space — Soyuz TM-6/5 (1988)

Brazil

1. Marcos Pontes, first Brazilian in space, first lusophone in space, first professional astronaut officially representing a Southern Hemisphere country in space. — Soyuz TMA-8 (2006)

Bulgaria

1. Georgi Ivanov (Intercosmos), first Bulgarian in space. — Soyuz 33 (1979)
2. Aleksandar Panayotov Aleksandrov (Intercosmos) — Soyuz TM-5/4 (1988)

Canada

1. Marc Garneau, first Canadian in space. — STS-41-G (1984), STS-77 (1996), STS-97 (2000)
2. Roberta Bondar, first Canadian woman in space. — STS-42 (1992)
3. Steven MacLean — STS-52 (1992), STS-115 (2006)
4. Chris Hadfield, first Canadian to walk in space. — STS-74 (1995), STS-100 (2001), Soyuz TMA-07M (2012)
5. Robert Thirsk — STS-78 (1996), Soyuz TMA-15 (2009)
6. Bjarni Tryggvason, born in Iceland — STS-85 (1997)
7. Julie Payette — STS-96 (1999), STS-127 (2009)
8. Dafydd Williams — STS-90 (1998), STS-118 (2007)
9. Guy Laliberté, space tourist — Soyuz TMA-16/14 (2009)

China

1. Yang Liwei, first Chinese national in space — Shenzhou 5 (2003)
2. Fei Junlong — Shenzhou 6 (2005)
3. Nie Haisheng — Shenzhou 6 (2006), Shenzhou 10 (2013)
4. Zhai Zhigang, first Chinese national to walk in space — Shenzhou 7 (2008)
5. Liu Boming — Shenzhou 7 (2008)
6. Jing Haipeng — Shenzhou 7 (2008), Shenzhou 9 (2012), Shenzhou 11 (2016)
7. Liu Wang — Shenzhou 9 (2012)
8. Liu Yang, first Chinese woman in space — Shenzhou 9 (2012)
9. Wang Yaping — Shenzhou 10 (2013)
10. Zhang Xiaoguan — Shenzhou 10 (2013)
11. Chen Dong — Shenzhou 11 (2016)

Cuba

1. Arnaldo Tamayo Méndez (Intercosmos), the first Cuban and the first person from a country in the Western Hemisphere other than the U.S. to travel to space. He was also the first Hispanophone and first person of African ancestry in space. — Soyuz 38 (1980)

Czechoslovakia

1. Vladimír Remek (Intercosmos), first Czech and first non-Soviet European in space. — Soyuz 28 (1978)

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European Space Agency members

Some of these astronauts participated in national space programme activity unrelated to their home country's contemporary or subsequent membership of the European Space Agency.

Austria

1. Franz Viehböck, first Austrian in space. — Soyuz TM-13/12 (1991)

Belgium

1. Dirk Frimout, first Belgian in space. — STS-45 (1992)
2. Frank De Winne, EAC — Soyuz TMA-1/TM-34 (2002), Soyuz TMA-15 (2009)

Denmark

1. Andreas Mogensen, first Dane in space. — Soyuz TMA-18M (2015)/16M (2015)

France

1. Jean-Loup Chrétien, CNES (Intercosmos), first French person in space and first non-Soviet European to walk in space — Soyuz T-6 (1982), Soyuz TM-7/6 (1988), STS-86 (1997)
2. Patrick Baudry, second Frenchman in space, born in Douala, Cameroon — STS-51-G (1985)
3. Michel Tognini, EAC — Soyuz TM-15/14 (1992), STS-93 (1999)
4. Jean-Pierre Haigneré, EAC — Soyuz TM-17/16 (1993), Soyuz TM-29 (1999)
5. Jean-Jacques Favier, born in Kehl, Germany — STS-78 (1996)
6. Claudie André-Deshays Haigneré, EAC, first Frenchwoman in space (Mir, 1996) — Soyuz TM-24/23 (1996), Soyuz TM-33/32 (2001)
7. Jean-François Clervoy, EAC — STS-66 (1994), STS-84 (1997), STS-103 (1999)
8. Léopold Eyharts, EAC — Soyuz TM-27/26 (1998), STS-122/123 (2008)
9. Philippe Perrin, EAC, born in Meknes, Morocco — STS-111 (2002)
10. Thomas Pesquet — Soyuz MS-03 (2016)

Germany

1. Sigmund Jähn (Intercosmos), first German in space — Soyuz 31/29 (1978) (flew for East Germany)
2. Ulf Merbold, EAC — STS-9 (1983), STS-42 (1992), Soyuz TM-20/19 (1994) (flew for both West Germany and united Germany)
3. Ernst Messerschmid — STS-61-A (1985) (flew for West Germany)
4. Reinhard Furrer, born in Wörgl, Austria (1940–1995) — STS-61-A (1985) (flew for West Germany)
5. Klaus-Dietrich Flade — Soyuz TM-14/13 (1992)
6. Ulrich Walter — STS-55 (1993)
7. Hans Schlegel, EAC — STS-55 (1993), STS-122 (2008)
8. Reinhold Ewald, EAC — Soyuz TM-25/24 (1997)
9. Gerhard Thiele, EAC — STS-99 (2000)
10. Thomas Reiter, EAC, first German to walk in space and first ESA astronaut to stay on the ISS. — Soyuz TM-22 (1995), STS-121/116 (2006)
11. Alexander Gerst — Soyuz TMA-13M (2014)

Italy

1. Franco Malerba, first Italian in space. — STS-46 (1992)
2. Maurizio Cheli, EAC — STS-75 (1996)
3. Umberto Guidoni, EAC — STS-75 (1996), STS-100 (2001)
4. Roberto Vittori, EAC — Soyuz TM-34/33 (2002), Soyuz TMA-6/5, STS-134 (2011)
5. Paolo A. Nespoli, EAC — STS-120 (2007), Soyuz TMA-20 (2010)
6. Luca Parmitano, EAC, first Italian to walk in space.^[5] — Soyuz TMA-09M (2013)
7. Samantha Cristoforetti, EAC, first Italian woman in space — Soyuz TMA-15M (2014)

Netherlands

1. Wubbo Ockels, EAC, first Dutchman in space. — STS-61-A (1985)
2. André Kuipers, EAC — Soyuz TMA-4/3 (2004), Soyuz TMA-03M (2011)

Poland

1. Mirosław Hermaszewski (Intercosmos), first Pole in space. — Soyuz 30 (1978)

Romania

1. Dumitru Prunariu (Intercosmos), first Romanian in space. — Soyuz 40 (1981)

Spain

1. Pedro Duque, EAC, first Spaniard in space. — STS-95 (1998), Soyuz TMA-3/2 (2003)

Sweden

1. Christer Fuglesang, EAC, first Swede in space. — STS-116 (2006), STS-128 (2009)

Switzerland

1. Claude Nicollier, EAC, first Swiss in space. — STS-46 (1992), STS-61 (1993), STS-75 (1996), STS-103 (1999)

United Kingdom

1. Helen Sharman, Project Juno, first Briton in space. — Soyuz TM-12/11 (1991)
2. Tim Peake, EAC, first professional British astronaut in space. — Soyuz TMA-19M (2015)

Additionally, Michael Foale was born in England to a British father and American mother and a dual citizen of the United Kingdom and the United States, and was raised and educated in England; however, he is a member of NASA's Astronaut Corps and flew as an American.^[6] Gregory H. Johnson has foreign (US) citizenship, having been born in the UK to American parents, while Piers Sellers, Nicholas Patrick, Richard Garriott and Mark Shuttleworth have dual nationalities.

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Hungary

1. Bertalan Farkas (Intercosmos), first Hungarian in space. — Soyuz 36/35 (1980)

India

1. Rakesh Sharma (Intercosmos), first Indian national in space. — Soyuz T-11/10 (1984)

Israel

1. Ilan Ramon (1954–2003), first Israeli in space, died on the Columbia. — STS-107 (2003)

Japan

1. Toyohiro Akiyama, first Japanese man in space. — Soyuz TM-11/10 (1990)
2. Chiaki Mukai, first Japanese woman in space. — STS-65 (1994), STS-95 (1998)
3. Koichi Wakata — STS-72 (1996), STS-92 (2000), STS-119/127 (2009), Soyuz TMA-11M (2013)
4. Takao Doi, first Japanese man to walk in space. — STS-87 (1997), STS-123 (2008)
5. Mamoru Mohri — STS-47 (1992), STS-99 (2000)
6. Soichi Noguchi — STS-114 (2005), Soyuz TMA-17 (2009)
7. Akihiko Hoshide — STS-124 (2008), Soyuz TMA-05M (2012)
8. Naoko Yamazaki — STS-131 (2010)
9. Satoshi Furukawa — Soyuz TMA-01M (2011)
10. Kimiya Yui — Soyuz TMA-17M (2015)
11. Takuya Onishi — Soyuz MS-01 (2016)

Kazakhstan

1. Aidyn Aimbetov — Soyuz TMA-18M (2015)

• Note: Kazakh cosmonauts Toktar Aubakirov and Talgat Musabayev flew under the Soviet and Russian flags.

Malaysia

1. Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor, first Malaysian in space — Soyuz TMA-11/10 (2007)

Mexico

1. Rodolfo Neri Vela, first Mexican in space. — STS-61-B (1985)

Mongolia

1. Jügderdemidiin Gürragchaa (Intercosmos), first Mongolian in space. — Soyuz 39 (1981)

Russia and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

The Soviet space program came under the control of the Russian Federation in December 1991; the new program, now called the Russian Federal Space Agency, retained continuity of equipment and personnel with the Soviet program. While all Soviet and RKA cosmonauts were born within the borders of the U.S.S.R., many were born outside the boundaries of Russia, and may be claimed by other Soviet successor states as nationals of those states. These cosmonauts are marked with an asterisk * and their place of birth is shown in an appended list. All, however, claimed Soviet or Russian citizenship at the time of their space flights.

A

• Viktor Mikhaylovich Afanasyev — Soyuz TM-11 (1990), Soyuz TM-18 (1994), Soyuz TM-29 (1999), Soyuz TM-33/32 (2001)
• Vladimir Aksyonov — Soyuz 22 (1976), Soyuz T-2 (1980)
• Aleksandr Pavlovich Aleksandrov — Soyuz T-9 (1983), Soyuz TM-3 (1987)
• Anatoly Artsebarsky* — Soyuz TM-12 (1991)
• Yuri Artyukhin (1930–1998) — Soyuz 14 (1974)
• Oleg Atkov — Soyuz T-10/11 (1984)
• Toktar Aubakirov* — Soyuz TM-13/12 (1991)
• Sergei Avdeyev — Soyuz TM-15 (1992), Soyuz TM-22 (1995)

B

• Aleksandr Balandin — Soyuz TM-9 (1990)
• Yuri Baturin, first Russian politician in space. — Soyuz TM-28/27 (1998), Soyuz TM-32/31 (2001)
• Pavel Belyayev (1925–1970) — Voskhod 2
• Georgi Beregovoi* (1921–1995) — Soyuz 3 (1968)
• Anatoly Berezovoy (1942-2014) — Soyuz T-5/7 (1982)
• Andrei Borisenko — Soyuz TMA-21 (2011), Soyuz MS-02 (2016)
• Nikolai Budarin — STS-71/Soyuz TM-21 (1995), Soyuz TM-27 (1998), STS-113/Soyuz TMA-1 (2002)
• Valery Bykovsky — Vostok 5, Soyuz 22 (1976), Soyuz 31/29 (1978)

D

• Vladimir N. Dezhurov — Soyuz TM-21/STS-71 (1995)
• Georgi Dobrovolski* (1928–1971), died on reentry. — Soyuz 11 (1971)
• Lev Dyomin (1926–1998) — Soyuz 15 (1974)
• Vladimir Dzhanibekov* — Soyuz 27/26 (1978), Soyuz 39 (1981), Soyuz T-12 (1984), Soyuz T-13 (1985)

F

• Konstantin Feoktistov (1926–2009) — Voskhod 1
• Anatoly Filipchenko — Soyuz 7 (1969), Soyuz 16 (1974)

G

• Yuri Gagarin (1934–1968), first person in space. — Vostok 1
• Yuri Gidzenko* — Soyuz TM-22 (1995), Soyuz TM-31/STS-102 (2001), Soyuz TM-34/Soyuz TM-33 (2001)
• Yuri Glazkov (1939–2008) — Soyuz 24 (1977)
• Viktor Gorbatko — Soyuz 7 (1969), Soyuz 24 (1977), Soyuz 37/36 (1980)
• Georgi Grechko — Soyuz 17 (1975), Soyuz 26/27 (1977), Soyuz T-14/13 (1985)
• Aleksei Gubarev — Soyuz 17 (1975), Soyuz 28 (1978)

I

• Aleksandr Ivanchenkov — Soyuz 29/31 (1978)
• Anatoli Ivanishin — Soyuz TMA-22 (2011), Soyuz MS-01 (2016)

K

• Aleksandr Kaleri* — Soyuz TM-14 (1992), Soyuz TM-24 (1996), Soyuz TM-30 (2000), Soyuz TMA-3 (2003), Soyuz TMA-01M (2010)
• Yevgeny Khrunov (1933–2000) — Soyuz 5/4 (1969)
• Leonid Kizim* (1941–2010) — Soyuz T-3 (1980), Soyuz T-10/11 (1984), Soyuz T-15 (1986)
• Pyotr Klimuk* — Soyuz 13, Soyuz 18 (1975), Soyuz 30 (1978)
• Vladimir Komarov (1927–1967), died during reentry of first Soyuz spacecraft. — Voskhod 1, Soyuz 1 (1967)
• Yelena V. Kondakova — Soyuz TM-20/STS-84 (1997)
• Dmitri Kondratyev — Soyuz TMA-20 (2010)
• Oleg Kononenko* — Soyuz TMA-12 (2008), Soyuz TMA-01M (2010), Soyuz TMA-03M (2011), Soyuz TMA-17M (2015)
• Mikhail Korniyenko — Soyuz TMA-18 (2010), Soyuz TMA-16M (2015)
• Valery Korzun — Soyuz TM-24 (1996), STS-111/113 (2002)
• Oleg Kotov* — Soyuz TMA-10 (2007), Soyuz TMA-17 (2009), Soyuz TMA-10M (2013)
• Vladimir Kovalyonok* — Soyuz 25 (1977), Soyuz 29/31 (1978), Soyuz T-4 (1981)
• Konstantin Kozeyev — Soyuz TM-33/32 (2001)
• Sergei Krikalev, six space flights and, as of 2006, holds record for longest total time in space: 803 days, 9 hours and 39 minutes. — Soyuz TM-7 (1988), Soyuz TM-12/ (1991), Soyuz TM-13 (1991), STS-60 (1994), STS-88 (1998), Soyuz TM-31/STS-102 (2001), Soyuz TMA-6
• Valeri Kubasov — Soyuz 6 (1969), Soyuz 19 (1975), Soyuz 36/35 (1980)

L

• Aleksandr Laveykin — Soyuz TM-2 (1987)
• Vasili Lazarev (1928–1990) — Soyuz 12 (1973), Soyuz 18a (1975)
• Aleksandr Lazutkin — Soyuz TM-25 (1997)
• Valentin Lebedev — Soyuz 13, Soyuz T-5/7 (1982)
• Aleksei Leonov, first person to "walk in space" (to make an EVA). — Voskhod 2, Soyuz 19 (1975)
• Anatoli Levchenko* (1941–1988) — Soyuz TM-4/3 (1987)
• Yuri Lonchakov* — STS-100 (2001), Soyuz TMA-1/TM-34 (2002), Soyuz TMA-13 (2008)
• Vladimir Lyakhov* — Soyuz 32/34 (1979), Soyuz T-9 (1983), Soyuz TM-6/5 (1988)

M

• Oleg Makarov (1933–2003) — Soyuz 12 (1973), Soyuz 18a (1975), Soyuz 27/26 (1978), Soyuz T-3 (1980)
• Yuri Malenchenko* — Soyuz TM-19 (1994), STS-106 (2000), Soyuz TMA-1 (2003), Soyuz TMA-11 (2007), Soyuz TMA-05M (2012), Soyuz TMA-19M (2015)
• Yury Malyshev (1941–1999) — Soyuz T-2 (1980), Soyuz T-11/10 (1984)
• Gennadi Manakov — Soyuz TM-10 (1990), Soyuz TM-16 (1993)
• Musa Manarov* — Soyuz TM-4/6, Soyuz TM-11 (1990)
• Boris Morukov (1950—2015) — STS-106 (2000)
• Talgat Musabayev* — Soyuz TM-19 (1994), Soyuz TM-27 (1998), Soyuz TM-32/31 (2001)

N

• Andriyan Nikolayev (1929–2004), first astronaut of Chuvash descent — Vostok 3, Soyuz 9 (1970)
• Oleg Novitski* — Soyuz TMA-06M (2012), Soyuz MS-03 (2016)

O

• Yuri Onufrienko* — Soyuz TM-23 (1996), STS-108/111 (2001)
• Aleksei Ovchinin — Soyuz TMA-20M (2016)

P

• Gennady Padalka — Soyuz TM-28 (1998), Soyuz TMA-4 (2004), Soyuz TMA-14 (2009), Soyuz TMA-04M (2012), Soyuz TMA-16M (2015)
• Viktor Patsayev* (1933–1971), died in reentry. — Soyuz 11 (1971)
• Aleksandr Poleshchuk — Soyuz TM-16 (1993)
• Valeri Polyakov, holds record for single longest spaceflight, 437 days — Soyuz TM-6/7 (1988), Soyuz TM-18/20 (1994)
• Leonid Popov* — Soyuz 35/37 (1980), Soyuz 40 (1981), Soyuz T-7/5 (1982)
• Pavel Popovich* (1930–2009) — Vostok 4, Soyuz 14 (1974)

R

• Sergei Revin — Soyuz TMA-04M (2012)
• Roman Romanenko — Soyuz TMA-15 (2009), Soyuz TMA-07M (2012)
• Yuri Romanenko — Soyuz 26/27 (1977), Soyuz 38 (1980), Soyuz TM-2/3 (1987)
• Valery Rozhdestvensky — Soyuz 23 (1976)
• Nikolai Rukavishnikov (1932–2002) — Soyuz 10 (1971), Soyuz 16 (1974), Soyuz 33 (1979)
• Sergei Ryazanski — Soyuz TMA-10M (2013)
• Valery Ryumin — Soyuz 25 (1977), Soyuz 32/34 (1979), Soyuz 35/37 (1980), STS-91 (1998)
• Sergei Ryzhikov — Soyuz MS-02 (2016)

S

• Aleksandr Samokutyayev — Soyuz TMA-21 (2011), Soyuz TMA-14M (2014)
• Gennadi Sarafanov (1942–2005) — Soyuz 15 (1974)
• Viktor Savinykh — Soyuz T-4 (1981), Soyuz T-13/14 (1985)
• Svetlana Savitskaya, first woman to walk in space. — Soyuz T-7/5 (1982), Soyuz T-12 (1984)
• Aleksandr Serebrov (1944-2013) — Soyuz T-7/5 (1982), Soyuz T-8 (1983), Soyuz TM-8 (1989), Soyuz TM-17 (1993)
• Yelena Serova — Soyuz TMA-14M (2014)
• Vitali Sevastyanov (1935–2010) — Soyuz 9 (1970), Soyuz 18 (1975)
• Yuri Shargin, first Russian military cosmonaut — Soyuz TMA-5/4 (2004)
• Salizhan Sharipov* — STS-89 (1998), Soyuz TMA-5 (2004)
• Vladimir Shatalov* — Soyuz 4 (1969), Soyuz 8 (1969), Soyuz 10 (1971)
• Anton Shkaplerov — Soyuz TMA-22 (2011), Soyuz TMA-15M (2014)
• Georgi Shonin* (1935–1997) — Soyuz 6 (1969)
• Oleg Skripochka — Soyuz TMA-01M (2010), Soyuz TMA-20M (2016)
• Aleksandr Skvortsov — Soyuz TMA-18 (2010)
• Anatoly Solovyev* — Soyuz TM-5/4 (1988), Soyuz TM-9 (1990), Soyuz TM-15 (1992), STS-71/Soyuz TM-21 (1995), Soyuz TM-26 (1997)
• Vladimir Solovyov — Soyuz T-10/11 (1984), Soyuz T-15 (1986)
• Gennadi Strekalov (1940–2004) — Soyuz T-3 (1980), Soyuz T-8 (1983), Soyuz T-11/10 (1984), Soyuz TM-10 (1990), Soyuz TM-21/STS-71 (1995)
• Maksim Surayev — Soyuz TMA-16 (2009), Soyuz TMA-13M (2014)

T

• Yevgeni Tarelkin — Soyuz TMA-06M (2012)
• Valentina Tereshkova, first woman in space. — Vostok 6
• Gherman Titov (1935–2000), the second person to make a space flight and the first to stay up for a day. — Vostok 2
• Vladimir Titov — Soyuz T-8 (1983), Soyuz TM-4/6 (1987), STS-63 (1995), STS-86
• Valeri Tokarev — STS-96 (1999), Soyuz TMA-7 (2005)
• Sergei Treshchov — STS-111/113 (2002)
• Vasili Tsibliyev* — Soyuz TM-17 (1993), Soyuz TM-25 (1997)
• Mikhail Tyurin — STS-105/108 (2001), Soyuz TMA-9 (2006), Soyuz TMA-11M (2013)

U

• Yuri Usachov — Soyuz TM-18 (1994), Soyuz TM-23 (1996), STS-101 (2000), STS-102/STS-105 (2001)

V

• Vladimir Vasyutin* (1952–2002) — Soyuz T-14 (1985)
• Aleksandr Viktorenko* — Soyuz TM-3/2 (1987), Soyuz TM-8 (1989), Soyuz TM-14 (1992), Soyuz TM-20 (1994)
• Pavel Vinogradov — Soyuz TM-26 (1997), Soyuz TMA-8 (2006)
• Igor Volk* — Soyuz T-12 (1984)
• Alexander Volkov* — Soyuz T-14 (1985), Soyuz TM-7 (1988), Soyuz TM-13 (1991), Soyuz TM-13 (1991)
• Sergei Aleksandrovich Volkov* — Soyuz TMA-12 (2008), Soyuz TMA-01M (2011), Soyuz TMA-18M (2015)
• Vladislav Volkov (1935–1971), died on reentry. — Soyuz 7 (1969), Soyuz 11 (1971)
• Boris Volynov — Soyuz 5 (1969), Soyuz 21 (1976)

Y

• Boris Yegorov (1937–1994) — Voskhod 1
• Aleksei Yeliseyev — Soyuz 5/4 (1969), Soyuz 8 (1969), Soyuz 10 (1971)
• Fyodor Yurchikhin* — STS-112 (2002), Soyuz TMA-10 (2007), Soyuz TMA-19 (2010), Soyuz TMA-09M (2013), Soyuz MS-04 (2017)

Z

• Sergei Zalyotin — Soyuz TM-30 (2000), Soyuz TMA-1/TM-34 (2002)
• Vitali Zholobov* — Soyuz 21 (1976)
• Vyacheslav Zudov — Soyuz 23 (1976)

Soviet and Russian cosmonauts born outside Russia

All of the locations below were part of the former U.S.S.R. at the time of the cosmonauts' birth.

Azerbaidzhan S.S.R. / Azerbaijan

1. Musa Manarov, born in Baku, Azerbaijan

Byelorussian S.S.R. / Belarus

1. Pyotr Klimuk, born in Komarovka, Belarus. First Belarus-born man in space
2. Vladimir Kovalyonok, born in Beloye, Belarus
3. Oleg Novitski, born in Chervyen’, Belarus

Georgian S.S.R. / Georgia

1. Fyodor Yurchikhin, born in Batumi, Georgia

Kazakh S.S.R. / Kazakhstan

1. Toktar Aubakirov, born in Karaganda, Kazakhstan. First ethnic Kazakh in space.
2. Yuri Lonchakov, born in Balkhash, Kazakhstan
3. Talgat Musabayev, born in Kargaly, Kazakhstan, later a Kazakh citizen^[7][8]
4. Viktor Patsayev, born in Aktyubinsk, Kazakhstan
5. Vladimir Shatalov, born in Petropavlovsk, Kazakhstan, first person born in Kazakhstan in space
6. Aleksandr Viktorenko, born in Olginka, Kazakhstan

Kirghiz S.S.R. / Kyrgyzstan

1. Salizhan Sharipov, born in Uzgen, Kyrgyzstan

Latvian S.S.R. / Latvia

1. Aleksandr Kaleri, born in Jūrmala, Latvia
2. Anatoly Solovyev, born in Riga, Latvia

Turkmen S.S.R. / Turkmenistan

1. Oleg Kononenko, born in Chardzhou, Turkmenistan

Ukrainian S.S.R. / Ukraine

1. Anatoly Artsebarsky, born in Prosyanaya, Ukraine
2. Georgi Beregovoi, born in Federovka, Ukraine
3. Georgiy Dobrovolskiy, born in Odessa, Ukraine
4. Yuri Gidzenko, born in Elanets, Ukraine
5. Leonid Kizim, born in Krasny Liman, Ukraine
6. Oleg Kotov, born in Simferopol, Ukraine
7. Anatoli Levchenko, born in Krasnokutsk, Ukraine
8. Vladimir Lyakhov, born in Antratsyt, Ukraine
9. Yuri Malenchenko, born in Svitlovodsk, Ukraine
10. Yuri Onufriyenko, born in Ryasne, Ukraine
11. Leonid Popov, born in Oleksandriia, Ukraine
12. Pavel Popovich, born in Uzyn, Ukraine. First Ukraine-born man in space.
13. Georgi Shonin, born in Rovenky, Ukraine
14. Vasili Tsibliyev, born in Orekhovka, Ukraine
15. Vladimir Vasyutin, born in Kharkiv, Ukraine
16. Igor Volk, born in Zmiiv, Ukraine
17. Aleksandr Volkov, born in Horlivka, Ukraine
18. Sergei Aleksandrovich Volkov, born in Chuhuiv, Ukraine
19. Vitali Zholobov, born in Zburjevka, Ukraine

Uzbek S.S.R. / Uzbekistan

1. Vladimir Dzhanibekov, born in Iskandar, Uzbekistan

---

Saudi Arabia

1. Sultan Salman Al Saud, first Saudi in space. — STS-51-G (1985)

Slovakia

1. Ivan Bella, first Slovak in space. — Soyuz TM-29/28 (1999)

South Africa

1. Mark Shuttleworth, second "space tourist" and first South African in space. — Soyuz TM-34/33 (2002)

South Korea

1. Yi So-yeon, Spaceflight participant, first South Korean in space — Soyuz TMA-12/11 (2008)

Syria

1. Muhammed Faris (Intercosmos), first Syrian in space. — Soyuz TM-3/2 (1987)

Ukraine

1. Leonid Kadenyuk, first Ukrainian in space since independence. — STS-87 (1997)

United States

* Asterisked space travelers were born outside the United States

Non-NASA space travelers

1. Dennis Tito, first space tourist — Soyuz TM-32/31 (2001)
2. Gregory Olsen, third space tourist — Soyuz TMA-7/6 (2005)
3. Anousheh Ansari*, fourth space tourist and first female space tourist — Soyuz TMA-9/8 (2006)
4. Charles Simonyi*, fifth space tourist — Soyuz TMA-10/9 (2007), Soyuz TMA-14/13 (2009)
5. Richard Garriott*, space tourist — Soyuz TMA-13 /12 (2008)

NASA astronauts

^ still on active service

A

• Joseph M. Acaba^ — STS-119 (2009), Soyuz TMA-04M (2012)
• Loren Acton — STS-51-F (1985)
• James C. Adamson — STS-28 (1989), STS-43 (1991)
• Thomas Akers — STS-41 (1990), STS-49 (1992), STS-61 (1993), STS-79 (1996)
• Buzz Aldrin, the second person to walk on the Moon — Gemini 12 (1966), Apollo 11 (1969)
• Andrew M. Allen — STS-46 (1992), STS-62 (1994), STS-75 (1996)
• Joseph P. Allen — STS-5 (1982), STS-51-A (1984)
• Scott Altman^ — STS-90, STS-106 (2000), STS-109 (2002), STS-125 (2009)
• William Anders* — Apollo 8 (1968)
• Clayton Anderson^ — STS-117/120 (2007), STS-131 (2010)
• Michael P. Anderson (1959–2003), died on the Columbia — STS-89 (1998), STS-107 (2003)
• Dominic A. Antonelli^ — STS-119 (2009), STS-132 (2010)
• Jerome Apt — STS-37 (1991), STS-47, STS-59 (1994), STS-79 (1996)
• Lee Archambault^ — STS-117 (2007), STS-119 (2009)
• Neil Armstrong (1930–2012), first person to walk on the Moon — Gemini 8 (1966), Apollo 11 (1969)
• Richard R. Arnold^ — STS-119 (2009)
• Jeffrey Ashby — STS-93 (1999), STS-100 (2001), STS-112 (2002)

B

• James P. Bagian, first person of Armenian descent to have been in space^[9] — STS-29 (1989), STS-40 (1991)
• Ellen S. Baker — STS-34 (1989), STS-50 (1992), STS-71 (1995)
• Michael A. Baker — STS-43 (1991), STS-52 (1992), STS-68 (1994), STS-81 (1997)
• Michael R. Barratt^ — Soyuz TMA-14 (2009), STS-133 (2011)
• Daniel T. Barry — STS-72 (1996), STS-96 (1999), STS-105 (2001)
• John-David F. Bartoe — STS-51-F (1985)
• Alan Bean — Apollo 12 (1969), Skylab 3
• Robert L. Behnken^ — STS-123 (2008), STS-130 (2010)
• John E. Blaha — STS-29 (1989), STS-33 (1989), STS-43 (1991), STS-58 (1993), STS-79 /81 (1996)
• Michael J. Bloomfield — STS-86, STS-97 (2000), STS-110 (2002)
• Guion Bluford, first African-American in space — STS-8 (1983), STS-61-A (1985), STS-39 (1991), STS-53 (1992)
• Karol J. Bobko, first graduate of the United States Air Force Academy to become an astronaut — STS-6 (1983), STS-51-D (1985), STS-51-J (1985)
• Eric A. Boe^ — STS-126 (2008), STS-133 (2011)
• Charles Bolden — STS-61-C (1985), STS-31 (1990), STS-45 (1992), STS-60 (1994)
• Frank Borman, commanded the first spaceflight to orbit the Moon — Gemini 7 (1965), Apollo 8 (1968)
• Stephen G. Bowen^ — STS-126 (2008), STS-132 (2010), STS-133 (2011)
• Ken Bowersox — STS-50 (1992), STS-61 (1993), STS-73 (1995), STS-82 (1997), STS-113/Soyuz TMA-1 (2002)
• Charles E. Brady, Jr. (1951–2006) — STS-78 (1996)
• Vance D. Brand — Apollo-Soyuz Test Project, STS-5 (1982), STS-41-B (1984), STS-35 (1990)
• Daniel Brandenstein — STS-8 (1983), STS-51-G (1985), STS-32 (1990), STS-49 (1992)
• Randolph Bresnik^ — STS-129 (2009)
• Roy D. Bridges, Jr. — STS-51-F (1985)
• Curtis Brown — STS-47, STS-66 (1994), STS-77 (1996), STS-85 (1997), STS-95 (1998), STS-103 (1999)
• David McDowell Brown (1956–2003), died on the Columbia — STS-107 (2003)
• Mark N. Brown — STS-28 (1989), STS-48 (1991)
• James Buchli — STS-51-C (1985), STS-61-A (1985), STS-29 (1989), STS-48 (1991)
• Jay C. Buckey — STS-90
• Daniel C. Burbank^ — STS-106 (2000), STS-115 (2006), Soyuz TMA-22 (2011)
• Daniel W. Bursch — STS-51 (1993), STS-68 (1994), STS-77 (1996), STS-108 (2001), STS-111 (2002)

C

• Robert D. Cabana — STS-41 (1990), STS-53 (1992), STS-65 (1994), STS-88 (1998)
• Charles Camarda — STS-114 (2005)
• Kenneth D. Cameron — STS-37 (1991), STS-56 (1993), STS-74 (1995)
• Duane G. Carey — STS-109 (2002)
• Scott Carpenter (1925-2013) — Mercury 7 (1962)
• Gerald P. Carr — Skylab 4
• Sonny Carter (1947–1991) — STS-33 (1989)
• John Casper — STS-36 (1990), STS-54 (1993), STS-62 (1994), STS-77 (1996)
• Christopher Cassidy — STS-127 (2009)
• Robert J. Cenker — STS-61-C (1985)
• Gene Cernan (1934-2017) — Gemini 9A (1966), Apollo 10 (1969), Apollo 17 (1972)
• Gregory Chamitoff* — STS-124/126 (2008), STS-134 (2011)
• Franklin Chang-Diaz* — STS-61-C (1985), STS-34 (1989), STS-46 (1992), STS-60 (1994), STS-75 (1996), STS-91 (1998), STS-111 (2002)
• Kalpana Chawla* (1961–2003), died on the Columbia — STS-87 (1997), STS-107 (2003)
• Leroy Chiao — STS-65 (1994), STS-72 (1996), STS-92 (2000), Soyuz TMA-5 (2004)
• Kevin P. Chilton — STS-49 (1992), STS-59 (1994), STS-76 (1996)
• Laurel Clark (1961–2003), died on the Columbia — STS-107 (2003)
• Mary L. Cleave — STS-61-B (1985), STS-30 (1989)
• Michael R. Clifford — STS-53 (1992), STS-59 (1994), STS-76 (1996)
• Michael Coats — STS-41-D (1984), STS-29 (1989), STS-39 (1991)
• Kenneth Cockrell — STS-56 (1993), STS-69 (1995), STS-80 (1996), STS-98 (2001), STS-111 (2002)
• Catherine Coleman — STS-73 (1995), STS-93 (1999), Soyuz TMA-20 (2010)
• Eileen Collins — STS-63 (1995), STS-84 (1997), STS-93 (1999), STS-114 (2005)
• Michael Collins* — Gemini 10 (1966), Apollo 11 (1969)
• Pete Conrad (1930-1999) — Gemini 5 (1965), Gemini 11 (1966), Apollo 12 (1969), Skylab 2
• Gordon Cooper (1927–2004), the first American to fly in space for a day and first person to go into orbit twice — Mercury 9 (1963), Gemini 5 (1965)
• Richard O. Covey — STS-51-I (1985), STS-26 (1988), STS-38 (1990), STS-61 (1993)
• Timothy Creamer — Soyuz TMA-17 (2009)
• John Oliver Creighton — STS-51-G (1985), STS-36 (1990), STS-48 (1991)
• Robert Crippen, flew on first Space Shuttle mission — STS-1 (1981), STS-7 (1983), STS-41-C (1984), STS-41-G (1984)
• Roger K. Crouch — STS-83 (1997), STS-94 (1997)
• Frank L. Culbertson, Jr. — STS-38 (1990), STS-51 (1993), STS-105/108 (2001)
• Walter Cunningham — Apollo 7 (1968)
• Robert Curbeam — STS-85 (1997), STS-98 (2001), STS-116 (2006)
• Nancy Currie — STS-57 (1993), STS-70 (1995), STS-88 (1998), STS-109 (2002)

D

• Jan Davis — STS-47, STS-60 (1994), STS-85 (1997)
• Lawrence J. DeLucas — STS-50 (1992)
• B. Alvin Drew — STS-118 (2007), STS-133 (2011)
• Brian Duffy — STS-45 (1992), STS-57 (1993), STS-72 (1996), STS-92 (2000)
• Charles Moss Duke, Jr. — Apollo 16 (1972)
• Bonnie J. Dunbar — STS-61-A (1985), STS-32 (1990), STS-50 (1992), STS-71 (1995), STS-89 (1998)
• Samuel T. Durrance — STS-35 (1990), STS-67 (1995)
• James Dutton — STS-131 (2010)
• Tracy Caldwell Dyson — STS-118 (2007), Soyuz TMA-18 (2010)

E

• Joe F. Edwards, Jr. — STS-89 (1998)
• Donn F. Eisele (1930–1987) — Apollo 7 (1968)
• Anthony W. England — STS-51-F (1985)
• Joseph Henry Engle — STS-2 (1981), STS-51-I (1985)
• Ronald Evans (1933–1990) — Apollo 17 (1972)

F

• John M. Fabian — STS-7 (1983), STS-51-G (1985)
• Christopher Ferguson — STS-115 (2006), STS-126 (2008), STS-135 (2011)
• Martin J. Fettman — STS-58 (1993)
• Andrew J. Feustel — STS-125 (2009), STS-134 (2011)
• Michael Fincke — Soyuz TMA-4 (2004), Soyuz TMA-13 (2008), STS-134 (2011)
• Jack D. Fischer^ — Soyuz MS-04 (2017)
• Anna Lee Fisher — STS-51-A (1984)
• William Frederick Fisher — STS-51-I (1985)
• Michael Foale* — STS-45 (1992), STS-56 (1993), STS-63 (1995), STS-84/86 (1997), STS-103 (1999), Soyuz TMA-3 (2003)
• Kevin A. Ford — STS-128 (2009), Soyuz TMA-06M (2012)
• Michael Foreman — STS-123 (2008), STS-129 (2009)
• Patrick G. Forrester — STS-105 (2001), STS-117 (2007), STS-128 (2009)
• Michael E. Fossum — STS-121 (2006), STS-124 (2008), Soyuz TMA-01M (2011)
• Stephen Frick — STS-110 (2002), STS-122 (2008)
• C. Gordon Fullerton (1936-2013) — STS-3 (1982), STS-51-F (1985)

G

• F. Drew Gaffney — STS-40 (1991)
• Ronald J. Garan, Jr. — STS-124 (2008), Soyuz TMA-21 (2011)
• Dale Gardner — STS-8 (1983), STS-51-A (1984)
• Guy Gardner — STS-27 (1988), STS-35 (1990)
• Jake Garn, ex-U. S. Senator, first politician in space — STS-51-D (1985)
• Owen K. Garriott — Skylab 3, STS-9 (1983)
• Charles D. Gemar — STS-38 (1990), STS-48 (1991), STS-62 (1994)
• Michael L. Gernhardt — STS-69 (1995), STS-83 (1997), STS-94 (1997), STS-104 (2001)
• Edward Gibson — Skylab 4
• Robert L. Gibson — STS-41-B (1984), STS-61-C (1985), STS-27 (1988), STS-47, STS-71 (1995)
• John Glenn (1921-2016), first American in Earth orbit, U.S. Senator, and oldest person to make a spaceflight — Mercury 6 (1962), STS-95 (1998)
• Linda M. Godwin — STS-37 (1991), STS-59 (1994), STS-76 (1996), STS-108 (2001)
• Michael T. Good — STS-125 (2009), STS-132 (2010)
• Richard F. Gordon, Jr. — Gemini 11 (1966), Apollo 12 (1969)
• Dominic L. Pudwill Gorie — STS-91 (1998), STS-99 (2000), STS-108 (2001), STS-123 (2008)
• Ronald J. Grabe — STS-51-J (1985), STS-30 (1989), STS-42 (1992), STS-57 (1993)
• Frederick D. Gregory — STS-51-B (1985), STS-33 (1989), STS-44 (1991)
• William G. Gregory — STS-67 (1995)
• S. David Griggs (1939–1989) — STS-51-D (1985)
• Gus Grissom (1926–1967) First person to go into space twice. — Gemini 3 (1965). Also flew suborbitally in Mercury 4 (1961). Died in the Apollo 1 (1967) (1967) launchpad fire
• John M. Grunsfeld — STS-67 (1995), STS-81 (1997), STS-103 (1999), STS-109 (2002), STS-125 (2009)
• Sidney M. Gutierrez — STS-40 (1991), STS-59 (1994)

H

• Fred Haise — Apollo 13 (1970)
• James D. Halsell — STS-65 (1994), STS-74 (1995), STS-83 (1997), STS-94 (1997), STS-101 (2000)
• Kenneth Ham — STS-124 (2008), STS-132 (2010)
• L. Blaine Hammond — STS-39 (1991), STS-64 (1994)
• Gregory J. Harbaugh — STS-39 (1991), STS-54 (1993), STS-71 (1995), STS-82 (1997)
• Bernard A. Harris, Jr., first African-American to walk in space. — STS-55 (1993), STS-63 (1995)
• Terry Hart — STS-41-C (1984)
• Henry Hartsfield — STS-4 (1982), STS-41-D (1984), STS-61-A (1985)
• Frederick Hauck — STS-7 (1983), STS-51-A (1984), STS-26 (1988)
• Steven Hawley — STS-41-D (1984), STS-61-C (1985), STS-31 (1990), STS-82 (1997), STS-93 (1999)
• Susan J. Helms — STS-54 (1993), STS-64 (1994), STS-78 (1996), STS-101 (2000), STS-102/105 (2001)
• Karl Gordon Henize (1926–1993) — STS-51-F (1985)
• Thomas J. Hennen — STS-44 (1991)
• Terence T. Henricks — STS-44 (1991), STS-55 (1993), STS-70 (1995), STS-78 (1996)
• José Hernández — STS-128 (2009)
• John Herrington, first Native American in space. — STS-113 (2002)
• Richard Hieb — STS-39 (1991), STS-49 (1992), STS-65 (1994)
• Joan Higginbotham — STS-116 (2006)
• David C. Hilmers — STS-51-J (1985), STS-26 (1988), STS-36 (1990), STS-42 (1992)
• Kathryn P. Hire — STS-90, STS-130 (2010)
• Charles O. Hobaugh — STS-104 (2001), STS-108 (2001), STS-129 (2009)
• Jeffrey A. Hoffman — STS-51-D (1985), STS-35 (1990), STS-46 (1992), STS-61 (1993), STS-75 (1996)
• Michael S. Hopkins — Soyuz TMA-10M (2013)
• Scott J. Horowitz — STS-75 (1996), STS-82 (1997), STS-101 (2000), STS-105 (2001)
• Millie Hughes-Fulford, first female Payload Specialist — STS-40 (1991)
• Douglas G. Hurley — STS-127 (2009), STS-135 (2011)
• Rick Husband (1957–2003), died on the Columbia — STS-96 (1999), STS-107 (2003)

I

• James Irwin (1930–1991) — Apollo 15 (1971)
• Marsha Ivins — STS-32 (1990), STS-46 (1992), STS-62 (1994), STS-81 (1997), STS-98 (2001)

J

• Mae Jemison, first African-American woman in space — STS-47
• Tamara E. Jernigan — STS-40 (1991), STS-52 (1992), STS-67 (1995), STS-80 (1996), STS-96 (1999)
• Brent W. Jett, Jr. — STS-72 (1996), STS-81 (1997), STS-97 (2000), STS-115 (2006)
• Gregory C. Johnson — STS-125 (2009)
• Gregory H. Johnson* — STS-123 (2008), STS-134 (2011)
• Thomas David Jones — STS-59 (1994), STS-68 (1994), STS-80 (1996), STS-98 (2001)

K

• Janet L. Kavandi — STS-91 (1998), STS-99 (2000), STS-104 (2001)
• James M. Kelly — STS-102 (2001), STS-114 (2005)
• Mark E. Kelly — STS-108 (2001), STS-121 (2006), STS-124 (2008), STS-134 (2011)
• Scott J. Kelly — STS-103 (1999), STS-118 (2007), Soyuz TMA-01M (2010), Soyuz TMA-16M (2015)
• Joseph P. Kerwin — Skylab 2
• Robert S. Kimbrough — STS-126 (2008), Soyuz MS-02 (2016)
• Timothy L. Kopra — STS-127 /128 (2009), Soyuz TMA-19M (2015)
• Kevin R. Kregel — STS-70 (1995), STS-78 (1996), STS-87 (1997), STS-99 (2000)

L

• Wendy B. Lawrence — STS-67 (1995), STS-86, STS-91 (1998), STS-114 (2005)
• Mark C. Lee — STS-30 (1989), STS-47, STS-64 (1994), STS-82 (1997)
• David Leestma — STS-41-G (1984), STS-28 (1989), STS-45 (1992)
• William B. Lenoir (1939-2010) — STS-5 (1982)
• Frederick W. Leslie* — STS-73 (1995)
• Byron Lichtenberg, first NASA Payload Specialist. — STS-9 (1983), STS-45 (1992)
• Don L. Lind — STS-51-B (1985)
• Kjell N. Lindgren* — Soyuz TMA-17M (2015)
• Steven W. Lindsey — STS-87 (1997), STS-95 (1998), STS-104 (2001), STS-121 (2006), STS-133 (2011)
• Jerry M. Linenger — STS-64 (1994), STS-81/84 (1997)
• Richard M. Linnehan — STS-78 (1996), STS-90, STS-109 (2002), STS-123 (2008)
• Gregory Linteris — STS-83 (1997), STS-94 (1997)
• Paul Lockhart — STS-111 (2002), STS-113 (2002)
• Michael Lopez-Alegria* — STS-73 (1995), STS-92 (2000), STS-113 (2002), Soyuz TMA-9 (2006)
• John M. Lounge — STS-51-I (1985), STS-26 (1988), STS-35 (1990)
• Jack R. Lousma — Skylab 3, STS-3 (1982)
• Stanley G. Love — STS-122 (2008)
• Jim Lovell — Gemini 7 (1965), Gemini 12 (1966), Apollo 8 (1968), Apollo 13 (1970)
• G. David Low (1956–2008) — STS-32 (1990), STS-43 (1991), STS-57 (1993)
• Ed Lu — STS-84 (1997), STS-106 (2000), Soyuz TMA-1 (2003)
• Shannon Lucid* — STS-51-G (1985), STS-34 (1989), STS-43 (1991), STS-58 (1993), STS-76/79 (1996)

M

• Sandra Magnus — STS-112 (2002), STS-126 /119 (2008), STS-135 (2011)
• Thomas Marshburn — STS-127 (2009), Soyuz TMA-07M (2012)
• Michael Massimino — STS-109 (2002), STS-125 (2009)
• Richard Mastracchio — STS-106 (2000), STS-118 (2007), STS-131 (2010), Soyuz TMA-11M (2013)
• Ken Mattingly — Apollo 16 (1972), STS-4 (1982), STS-51-C (1985)
• K. Megan McArthur — STS-125 (2009)
• William S. McArthur — STS-58 (1993), STS-74 (1995), STS-92 (2000), Soyuz TMA-7 (2005)
• Jon McBride — STS-41-G (1984)
• Bruce McCandless II — STS-41-B (1984), STS-31 (1990)
• William C. McCool (1961–2003), died on the Columbia — STS-107 (2003)
• Michael J. McCulley — STS-34 (1989)
• James McDivitt — Gemini 4 (1965), Apollo 9 (1969)
• Donald R. McMonagle — STS-39 (1991), STS-54 (1993), STS-66 (1994)
• Ronald McNair (1950–1986), died on the Challenger — STS-41-B (1984)
• Carl J. Meade — STS-38 (1990), STS-50 (1992), STS-64 (1994)
• Bruce E. Melnick — STS-41 (1990), STS-49 (1992)
• Pamela Melroy — STS-92 (2000), STS-112 (2002), STS-120 (2007)
• Leland D. Melvin — STS-122 (2008), STS-129 (2009)
• Dorothy M. Metcalf-Lindenburger — STS-131 (2010)
• Edgar Mitchell (1930–2016) — Apollo 14 (1971)
• Barbara Morgan — STS-118 (2007)
• Lee M.E. Morin — STS-110 (2002)
• Richard Mullane — STS-41-D (1984), STS-27 (1988), STS-36 (1990)
• Story Musgrave — STS-6 (1983), STS-51-F (1985), STS-33 (1989), STS-44 (1991), STS-61 (1993), STS-80 (1996)

N

• Steven R. Nagel — STS-51-G (1985), STS-61-A (1985), STS-37 (1991), STS-55 (1993)
• George Nelson — STS-41-C (1984), STS-61-C (1985), STS-26 (1988)
• Bill Nelson — STS-61-C (1985)
• James H. Newman* — STS-51 (1993), STS-69 (1995), STS-88 (1998), STS-109 (2002)
• Carlos I. Noriega* — STS-84 (1997), STS-97 (2000)
• Lisa Nowak — STS-121 (2006)
• Karen L. Nyberg — STS-124 (2008), Soyuz TMA-09M (2013)

O

• Bryan D. O'Connor — STS-61-B (1985), STS-40 (1991)
• Ellen Ochoa, first Hispanic woman in space — STS-56 (1993), STS-66 (1994), STS-96 (1999), STS-110 (2002)
• William Oefelein — STS-116 (2006)
• John D. Olivas — STS-117 (2007), STS-128 (2009)
• Ellison Onizuka (1946–1986), died on the Challenger — STS-51-C (1985)
• Stephen S. Oswald — STS-42 (1992), STS-56 (1993), STS-67 (1995)
• Robert F. Overmyer (1936–1996) — STS-5 (1982), STS-51-B (1985)

P

• William Pailes — STS-51-J (1985)
• Scott E. Parazynski — STS-66 (1994), STS-86, STS-95 (1998), STS-100 (2001), STS-120 (2007)
• Ronald A. Parise (1951–2008) — STS-35 (1990), STS-67 (1995)
• Robert A. Parker — STS-9 (1983), STS-35 (1990)
• Nicholas Patrick* — STS-116 (2006), STS-130 (2010)
• James Pawelczyk — STS-90
• Gary Payton — STS-51-C (1985)
• Donald H. Peterson — STS-6 (1983)
• Donald Pettit — STS-113/Soyuz TMA-1 (2002), STS-126 (2008), Soyuz TMA-03M (2011)
• John L. Phillips — STS-100 (2001), Soyuz TMA-6, STS-119 (2009)
• William R. Pogue — Skylab 4
• Alan G. Poindexter (1961-2012) — STS-122 (2008), STS-131 (2010)
• Mark L. Polansky — STS-98 (2001), STS-116 (2006), STS-127 (2009)
• Charles J. Precourt — STS-55 (1993), STS-71 (1995), STS-84 (1997), STS-91 (1998)

R

• William F. Readdy — STS-42 (1992), STS-51 (1993), STS-79 (1996)
• Kenneth S. Reightler, Jr. — STS-48 (1991), STS-60 (1994)
• James F. Reilly — STS-89 (1998), STS-104 (2001), STS-117 (2007)
• Garrett Reisman — STS-123/124 (2008), STS-132 (2010)
• Judith Resnik (1949–1986), died on the Challenger — STS-41-D (1984)
• Paul W. Richards — STS-102 (2001)
• Richard N. Richards — STS-28 (1989), STS-41 (1990), STS-50 (1992), STS-64 (1994)
• Sally Ride (1951-2012), first American woman in space — STS-7 (1983), STS-41-G (1984)
• Stephen Robinson — STS-85 (1997), STS-95 (1998), STS-114 (2005), STS-130 (2010)
• Kent Rominger — STS-73 (1995), STS-80 (1996), STS-85 (1997), STS-96 (1999), STS-100 (2001)
• Stuart Roosa (1933–1994) — Apollo 14 (1971)
• Jerry L. Ross — STS-61-B (1985), STS-27 (1988), STS-37 (1991), STS-55 (1993), STS-74 (1995), STS-88 (1998), STS-110 (2002)
• Kathleen Rubins — Soyuz MS-01 (2016)
• Mario Runco, Jr. — STS-44 (1991), STS-54 (1993), STS-77 (1996)

S

• Albert Sacco — STS-73 (1995)
• Robert Satcher ‚ STS-129 (2009)
• Wally Schirra (1923–2007) — Mercury 8 (1962), Gemini 6A (1965), Apollo 7 (1968)
• Harrison Schmitt (The last,12th man, who arrive and set foot on the Moon)— Apollo 17 (1972)
• Rusty Schweickart — Apollo 9 (1969)
• Dick Scobee (1939–1986), died on the Challenger — STS-41-C (1984)
• David Scott — Gemini 8 (1966), Apollo 9 (1969), Apollo 15 (1971)
• Winston E. Scott — STS-72 (1996), STS-87 (1997)
• Paul D. Scully-Power* — STS-41-G (1984)
• Richard A. Searfoss — STS-58 (1993), STS-76 (1996), STS-90
• Margaret Rhea Seddon — STS-51-D (1985), STS-40 (1991), STS-58 (1993)
• Ronald Sega — STS-60 (1994), STS-76 (1996)
• Piers Sellers* (1955–2016) — STS-112 (2002), STS-121 (2006), STS-132 (2010)
• Brewster H. Shaw — STS-9 (1983), STS-61-B (1985), STS-28 (1989)
• Alan Shepard (1923–1998), first American in space — Apollo 14 (1971). Also flew suborbitally in Mercury 3 (1961).
• William Shepherd — STS-27 (1988), STS-41 (1990), STS-52 (1992), Soyuz TM-31 /STS-102 (2001)

Nancy Sherlock – see Nancy Currie

• Loren Shriver — STS-51-C (1985), STS-31 (1990), STS-46 (1992)
• Deke Slayton (1924–1993) — Apollo-Soyuz Test Project
• Steven Smith — STS-68 (1994), STS-82 (1997), STS-103 (1999), STS-110 (2002)
• Sherwood C. Spring — STS-61-B (1985)
• Robert C. Springer — STS-29 (1989), STS-38 (1990)
• Thomas Patten Stafford — Gemini 6A (1965), Gemini 9A (1966), Apollo 10 (1969), Apollo-Soyuz Test Project
• Heidemarie M. Stefanyshyn-Piper — STS-115 (2006), STS-126 (2008)
• Robert L. Stewart — STS-41-B (1984), STS-51-J (1985)
• Susan Still — STS-83 (1997), STS-94 (1997)
• Nicole P. Stott — STS-128/129 (2009), STS-133 (2011)
• Frederick Sturckow — STS-88 (1998), STS-105 (2001), STS-117 (2007), STS-128 (2009)
• Kathryn Dwyer Sullivan, first American woman to walk in space — STS-41-G (1984), STS-31 (1990), STS-45 (1992)
• Steven Swanson — STS-117 (2007), STS-119 (2009)
• John "Jack" Swigert (1931–1982) — Apollo 13 (1970)

T

• Daniel Tani — STS-108 (2001), STS-120/122 (2007)
• Joseph R. Tanner — STS-66 (1994), STS-82 (1997), STS-97 (2000), STS-115 (2006)
• Norman Thagard — STS-7 (1983), STS-51-B (1985), STS-30 (1989), STS-42 (1992), Soyuz TM-21/STS-71 (1995)
• Andy Thomas* — STS-77 (1996), STS-89 (1998), STS-91 (1998), STS-102 (2001), STS-114 (2005)
• Donald A. Thomas — STS-65 (1994), STS-70 (1995), STS-83 (1997), STS-94 (1997)
• Kathryn C. Thornton, first woman to make multiple EVAs — STS-33 (1989), STS-49 (1992), STS-61 (1993), STS-73 (1995)
• William E. Thornton — STS-8 (1983), STS-51-B (1985)
• Pierre Thuot — STS-36 (1990), STS-49 (1992), STS-62 (1994)
• Eugene Trinh* — STS-50 (1992)
• Richard H. Truly — STS-2 (1981), STS-8 4 (1983)

V

• Lodewijk van den Berg* — STS-51-B (1985)
• James van Hoften — STS-41-C (1984), STS-51-I (1985)
• Charles Veach (1944–1995) — STS-39 (1991), STS-52 (1992)
• Terry Virts — STS-130 (2010), Soyuz TMA-15M (2014)
• James S. Voss — STS-44 (1991), STS-53 (1992), STS-69 (1995), STS-101 (2000), STS-102/105 (2001)
• Janice E. Voss (1956-2012) — STS-57 (1993), STS-63 (1995), STS-83 (1997), STS-94 (1997), STS-99 (2000)

W

• Rex J. Walheim — STS-110 (2002), STS-122 (2008), STS-135 (2011)
• Charles Walker — STS-41-D (1984), STS-51-D (1985), STS-61-B (1985)
• David M. Walker (1944–2001) — STS-51-A (1984), STS-30 (1989), STS-53 (1992), STS-69 (1995)
• Shannon Walker — Soyuz TMA-19 (2010)
• Carl Walz — STS-51 (1993), STS-65 (1994), STS-79 (1996), STS-108/111 (2001)
• Taylor Wang* — STS-51-B (1985)
• Mary E. Weber — STS-70 (1995), STS-101 (2000)
• Paul J. Weitz — Skylab 2, STS-6 (1983)
• Jim Wetherbee — STS-32 (1990), STS-52 (1992), STS-63 (1995), STS-86, STS-102 (2001), STS-113 (2002)
• Douglas H. Wheelock — STS-120 (2007), Soyuz TMA-19 (2010)
• Edward Higgins White (1930–1967), first American to perform an EVA. Died in the Apollo 1 (1967) (1967) disaster — Gemini 4 (1965)
• Peggy Whitson, holds the American record for time spent in space — STS-111/113 (2002), Soyuz TMA-11 (2007), Soyuz MS-03 (2016)
• Terrence Wilcutt — STS-68 (1994), STS-79 (1996), STS-89 (1998), STS-106 (2000)
• Donald Williams — STS-51-D (1985), STS-34 (1989)
• Jeffrey Williams — STS-101 (2000), Soyuz TMA-8 (2006), Soyuz TMA-16 (2009), Soyuz TMA-20M (2016)
• Sunita Williams, holder of the women's spaceflight record — STS-116/117 (2006), Soyuz TMA-05M (2012)
• Barry E. Wilmore — STS-129 (2009), Soyuz TMA-14M (2014)
• Stephanie Wilson — STS-121 (2006), STS-120 (2007), STS-131 (2010)
• Gregory R. Wiseman — Soyuz TMA-13M (2014)
• Peter Wisoff — STS-57 (1993), STS-68 (1994), STS-81 (1997), STS-92 (2000)
• David Wolf — STS-58 (1993), STS-86/89, STS-112 (2002), STS-127 (2009)
• Alfred Worden — Apollo 15 (1971)

Y

• John Young — Gemini 3 (1965), Gemini 10 (1966), Apollo 10 (1969), Apollo 16 (1972), STS-1 (1981), STS-9 (1983)

Z

• George D. Zamka — STS-120 (2007), STS-130 (2010)

Americans born abroad

1. William Anders, born in Hong Kong to American parents.
2. Gregory Chamitoff, born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
3. Michael Collins, born in Rome, Italy to American parents.
4. Richard Garriott, born in Cambridge, England.
5. Gregory H. Johnson, born in South Ruislip, England.
6. Frederick W. Leslie, born in Ancón, Panama Canal Zone (now Panama).
7. Kjell N. Lindgren, born in Taipei, Taiwan.
8. Shannon Lucid, born in Shanghai, China (then under Japanese rule) to American parents.
9. James H. Newman, born in the United Nations Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (now Micronesia).

Naturalized Americans

1. Anousheh Ansari, born in Mashhad, Iran. First Iranian-American in space. Fourth space tourist and first female space tourist.
2. Franklin Chang-Diaz, born in San José, Costa Rica. First Costa Rican-American in space.
3. Kalpana Chawla, born in Karnal, India, (1961–2003). First Indian-American in space.
4. Michael Foale, born in Louth, England, dual British and American citizen.
5. Michael Lopez-Alegria, born in Madrid, Spain.
6. Carlos I. Noriega, born in Lima, Peru. First Peruvian-born person in space.
7. Nicholas Patrick, born in Saltburn-by-the-Sea, England, dual UK-US citizen.
8. Paul Scully-Power, born in Sydney, Australia.
9. Piers Sellers, born in Crowborough, England, dual UK-US citizen.
10. Charles Simonyi, born in Budapest, Hungary. Fifth space tourist.
11. Andrew Thomas, born in Adelaide, Australia.
12. Eugene Trinh, born in Saigon, State of Vietnam (now Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam). First Vietnamese-American in space.
13. Lodewijk van den Berg, born in Sluiskil, the Netherlands.
14. Taylor Wang, born in Shanghai, China. First Chinese American in space.

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Vietnam

1. Phạm Tuân (Intercosmos), first Vietnamese and first Asian in space. — Soyuz 37 (1980)/36 (1980)

See also

• Astronaut birthplaces by state
• List of space travelers by name

Notes