List of sovereign states in 1881

Sovereign states

A

•  Andorra – Principality of Andorra
• Ankole – Kingdom of Ankole
•  Argentina – Argentine Republic
• Aro – Aro Confederacy
•  Ashanti – Asante Union
•  Austria-Hungary – Austro-Hungarian Empire

B

•  Baguirmi – Kingdom of Baguirmi
•  Belgium – Kingdom of Belgium
•  Benin – Benin Empire
•  Bhutan – Kingdom of Bhutan
•  Bolivia – Republic of Bolivia
• Bora Bora – Kingdom of Bora Bora
•  Bornu – Bornu Empire
•  Brazil – Empire of Brazil
•  Brunei – Sultanate of Brunei
• Buganda – Kingdom of Buganda
• Bulgaria – Principality of Bulgaria
• Burma – Kingdom of Burma
•  Burundi – Kingdom of Burundi

C

•  Canada – Dominion of Canada
•  Chile – Republic of Chile
•  China – Great Qing Empire
• Colombia – United States of Colombia

Cook Islands Rarotonga

•  Costa Rica – Republic of Costa Rica

D

•  Dahomey – Kingdom of Dahomey
• Dai Nam – Dai Nam Realm
•  Denmark – Kingdom of Denmark
•  Dominican Republic – Dominican Republic

E

Easter Island Rapa Nui

•  Ecuador – Republic of Ecuador
• El Salvador – El Salvador
•  Ethiopia – Ethiopian Empire

F

• France – French Republic
•  Futa Jallon – Imamate of Futa Jallon
•  Futa Toro – Imamate of Futa Toro

G

•  Garo – Kingdom of Garo
•  Gera – Kingdom of Gera
•  Germany – German Empire
•  Gomma – Kingdom of Gomma
•  Greece – Kingdom of Greece
• Guatemala – Republic of Guatemala
•  Gumma – Kingdom of Gumma

H

• Ha'il – Emirate of Ha'il
•  Haiti – Republic of Haiti
• Hawaii – Kingdom of Hawaii
•  Honduras – Republic of Honduras
• Huahine – Kingdom of Huahine

I

•  Italy – Kingdom of Italy

J

•  Janjero – Kingdom of Janjero
•  Japan – Empire of Japan
•  Jimma – Kingdom of Jimma
• Johor – Sultanate of Johor

K

•  Kaffa – Kingdom of Kaffa
•  Kénédougou – Kénédougou Kingdom
•  Kong – Kong Empire
• Korea – Kingdom of Joseon
•  Koya Temne – Kingdom of Koya

L

•  Liberia – Republic of Liberia
•  Liechtenstein – Principality of Liechtenstein
•  Limmu-Ennarea – Kingdom of Limmu-Ennarea
•  Loango – Kingdom of Loango
•  Luba – Luba Empire
•  Lunda – Lunda Empire
•  Luxembourg – Grand Duchy of Luxembourg

M

•  Maldives – Sultanate of Maldives
•  Matabeleland – Matabele Kingdom
•  Mexico – United Mexican States
•  Monaco – Principality of Monaco
•  Montenegro – Principality of Montenegro
•  Morocco – Sultanate of Morocco
• Muscat and Oman – Sultanate of Muscat and Oman

N

• Negeri Sembilan – Negeri Sembilan
• Nepal - Kingdom of Nepal
•  Netherlands – Kingdom of The Netherlands
• Nicaragua – Republic of Nicaragua
• Norway – Kingdom of Norway (in personal union with Sweden)

O

•  Orange Free State – Republic of Orange Free State
•  Ottoman Empire – Sublime Ottoman State
•  Ouaddai – Ouaddai Empire
•  Oyo – Oyo Empire

P

• Pahang – Sultanate of Pahang
•  Paraguay – Republic of Paraguay
• Persia – Persian Empire
•  Peru – Peruvian Republic
• Portugal – Kingdom of Portugal

R

• Raiatea – Kingdom of Raiatea
• Rapa Nui – Kingdom of Rapa Nui
• Rarotonga – Kingdom of Rarotonga
•  Romania
  • United Principalities of Romania (to March 15)
  • Kingdom of Romania (from March 15)
•  Russia – Russian Empire

S

•  Samoa – Kingdom of Samoa
•  San Marino – Most Serene Republic of San Marino
•  Sarawak – Kingdom of Sarawak
• Selangor – Sultanate of Selangor
• Serbia – Principality of Serbia
•  Siam – Kingdom of Siam
• Sokoto – Sokoto Caliphate
•  South Africa – South African Republic (from 1881)
• Spain – Kingdom of Spain
• Sulu – Sultanate of Sulu
•  Sweden – Kingdom of Sweden (in personal union with Norway)
•   Switzerland – Swiss Confederation

T

•  Tonga – Kingdom of Tonga
•  Toucouleur – Toucouleur Empire

U

•  United Kingdom – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
•  United States – United States of America
•  Uruguay – Eastern Republic of Uruguay

V

•  Venezuela – United States of Venezuela

W

•  Wassoulou – Wassoulou Empire
•  Welayta – Kingdom of Welayta

Y

•  Yeke – Yeke Kingdom

Z

•  Zanzibar – Sultanate of Zanzibar

States claiming sovereignty

• Aceh – Sultanate of Aceh
• Cuba – Republic of Cuba
•  Goust – Republic of Goust
• Lado – Lado District
• Mindanao – Sultanate of Maguindanao
• Tavolara – Kingdom of Tavolara