List of shipwrecks in January 1939

The list of shipwrecks in January 1939 includes all ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during January 1939.

January 1939
Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20 21 22
23 24 25 26 27 28 29
30 31 Unknown date

1 January

List of shipwrecks: 1 January 1939
Ship Country Description
Anadolu  Turkey The cargo ship ran aground in a storm at Bender Eregli.[1]
Calchas  United Kingdom The cargo ship ran aground off the Kelsnor Lighthouse, Langeland, Denmark.[2] Refloated on 5 January but damaged and leaking.[3]
Galata  Turkey The cargo ship ran aground in a storm at Bender Eregli.[1][3]
Ikbal  Turkey The cargo ship ran aground in a storm at Bender Eregli.[1] Refloated on 8 January.[4]
Kaplan  Turkey The cargo ship sank in a storm at Bender Eregli.[3][5]
Millet  Turkey The cargo ship sank in a storm at Bender Eregli. Only two crew survived.[5]
Mete  Turkey The cargo ship ran aground in a storm at Bender Eregli.[1][4] Refloated on 21 January.[6]
Nicolaos Nomicos  Greece The cargo ship sank in a storm at Bender Eregli.[3][5] Refloated on 9 January.[7]
Sadan  Turkey The cargo ship ran aground in a storm at Bender Eregli.[1][4] Refloated 18 January.[8][8]
Samsun  Turkey The cargo ship ran aground in a storm at Bender Eregli.[9] Refloated on 26 January.[10]
Sumer  Turkey The cargo ship sank in a storm at Bender Eregli. Refloated on 9 January.[5][7]
Tan  Turkey The cargo ship ran aground in a storm at Bender Eregli.[1][3] Refloated on 6 January.[11]
Zonguldak  Turkey The cargo ship ran aground in a storm at Bender Eregli.[1][4] Refloated on 8 January.[7]

2 January

List of shipwrecks: 2 January 1939
Ship Country Description
Galatea  Norway The cargo ship was driven ashore on Saltholm, Copenhagen, Denmark.[9] Refloated on 5 January.[3]
Mexico  Norway The tanker ran aground at Dragør, Denmark.[9]
Tilda  Finland The cargo ship was driven ashore at Setúbal, Portugal.[9] She was refloated the next day after 350 tons of oil was discharged.[12] Refloated undamaged on 5 January.[3]

4 January

List of shipwrecks: 4 January 1939
Ship Country Description
Chief Wawatam  United States The train ferry ran aground on the North Graham Shoal in the Straits of Mackinac.[3] Refloated on 9 January.[13]

5 January

List of shipwrecks: 5 January 1939
Ship Country Description
Cheyenne  United Kingdom The tanker ran aground at Spodsbjerg, Denmark. Later refloated undamaged.[3]
Kyleclare  United Kingdom The cargo ship ran aground in the River Moy, County Mayo, Ireland.[3] Refloated undamaged the next day.[11]
Shuntai Maru  Japan The cargo ship was driven ashore in a gale at Muroran, Hokkaidō.[7] Later refloated.[14]
Yubari Maru  Japan The cargo ship was driven ashore in a gale at Muroran.[7] Later refloated.[14]

6 January

List of shipwrecks: 6 January 1939
Ship Country Description
Authorpe  Panama Spanish Civil War: The cargo ship was bombed and sunk at Alicante by Nationalist aircraft. Refloated in 1939 and seized by the Spanish Government, repaired and returned to service as Alhucemas.[15]
V11 Francisco  Spanish Republican Navy Spanish Civil War: The auxiliary patrol Ship was lost on this date.[16]
Yamahuzi Maru  Japan The cargo ship ran aground on the Miyako Luchu Islands.[11] Refloated 3 February.[17]

7 January

List of shipwrecks: 7 January 1939
Ship Country Description
Helios  Germany The cargo ship ran aground entering Pasajes Harbour, Portugal developed a leak.[4]
Hoegh Silvercrest  United Kingdom The cargo liner ran aground at Montufar Point, San Bernardino Strait, Philippines.[4][18] The ship was later abandoned by her crew.[19] The ship broke up on 17 February.[20]
Jadarland  Norway The cargo ship ran aground at Oslo and was damaged.[4]
Pass of Ballater  United Kingdom The tanker ran aground at Nantes, France.[4] Refloated later that day but severely damaged.[7]

8 January

List of shipwrecks: 8 January 1939
Ship Country Description
Dido  Norway The cargo ship foundered in the North Sea 95 nautical miles (176 km) south west of Utsire island with the loss of one crew member.[21]
St Nazaire  France The cargo ship ran aground off Pauillac, Gironde.[4] Later refloated.[7]
Thetis  Greece The cargo ship ran aground in the Martin Garcia Channel, Argentina.[4] Refloated the next day.[7]
Tinda  Netherlands The cargo ship ran aground at Asnæs, Denmark.[4] Refloated on 10 January having sustained some damage to her bottom.[13]

10 January

List of shipwrecks: 10 January 1939
Ship Country Description
Berwindvale  United States The cargo ship ran aground in the Kennebec River. She was later refloated with a damaged bottom.[19]
Llanover  United Kingdom The cargo ship was driven ashore in a gale at Niigata, Japan.[19] Refloated on 25 January.[10]
Waukegan  United States The cargo ship collided with the St George's Bridge over the Chesapeake & Delaware Canal at St. Georges, Delaware and demolished the bridge, blocking the canal.[13] Two people were killed.[19]

11 January

List of shipwrecks: 11 January 1939
Ship Country Description
Severonia  Estonia The cargo ship ran aground at Turku, Finland.[19] Declared a total loss.[14]

12 January

List of shipwrecks: 12 January 1939
Ship Country Description
Gretaston  United Kingdom The cargo ship ran aground at Yavaros, Mexico.[22] Later refloated undamaged.[23]
Trio  Finland The cargo ship foundered off Den Helder, Netherlands.[24]

13 January

List of shipwrecks: 13 January 1939
Ship Country Description
Herbert G Wylie  Venezuela The tanker broke in two and sank at New York, United States.[23]

14 January

List of shipwrecks: 14 January 1939
Ship Country Description
Cabo Cullera  Spain Spanish Civil War: The cargo ship was bombed and sunk at Tarragona by Spanish Nationalist aircraft.[25]

15 January

List of shipwrecks: 15 January 1939
Ship Country Description
Cheribon Maru  Japan The cargo ship ran aground north of Cayagan Sulu Island, Philippines.[23]
Conifer  United Kingdom The cargo ship collied with Monte Santo ( Italy) in the English Channel 6 nautical miles (11 km) off the Sandette Lightship and sank.[23] All nine crew were rescued by Monte Santo and landed at Vlissingen, Netherlands.[14]
Elsie  Norway The cargo ship suffered an explosion in her engine room. She came ashore at Mandal and broke in three, with the midsection sinking. Elsie was declared a total loss, all sixteen crew survived.[23][26][27]
Wyvern  Norway The cargo ship was driven ashore at Pensacola, Florida.[23] Refloated later that day.[14]

16 January

List of shipwrecks: 16 January 1939
Ship Country Description
Cambay Star  United Kingdom The cargo ship foundered in the Indian Ocean at 18°19′N 70°40′E / 18.317°N 70.667°E / 18.317; 70.667.[14]
Kashiwa Maru  Japan The cargo ship ran aground at Awomori.[14]
Orion  Finland The cargo ship ran aground on Harmaja, Helsinki.[14]

17 January

List of shipwrecks: 17 January 1939
Ship Country Description
Belbowrie  United Kingdom The auxiliary schooner was driven ashore at Maroubra Bay, New South Wales, Australia and was wrecked.[26]
Dudley Rose  United Kingdom The cargo ship ran aground in the River Thames at Grays Thurrock, Essex.[28] Refloated the next day.[29]

18 January

List of shipwrecks: 18 January 1939
Ship Country Description
Giove  Regia Marina The naval tanker ran aground in the Rooka Channel, Shatt el Arab, Iraq.[8] Refloated on 20 January after discharging 3,000 tons of oil.[30]
Herzogin Cecilie  Finland The barque capsized and sank at Starehole Bay, Devon, United Kingdom.
Ulmus  United Kingdom The cargo ship caught fire off Gibraltar. The crew were saved and the ship was towed by Spanish Nationalist vessels to Barcelona.[15]

19 January

List of shipwrecks: 19 January 1939
Ship Country Description
Jaguar  Norway The tanker broke in two at approximately 35°N 46°W / 35°N 46°W / 35; -46. All 37 crew rescued by Douala ( Norway).[31] Stern section reported afloat on 30 January at 35°00′N 39°49′W / 35.000°N 39.817°W / 35.000; -39.817.[32] Reported on 7 February at 35°25′N 31°44′W / 35.417°N 31.733°W / 35.417; -31.733.[33] The stern section was taken in tow by Thames ( Netherlands) on 11 February. Reported to be heading for Horta, Azores, Portugal,[34] which was reached on 14 February with assistance from Seefalke ( Germany).[35] The stern section departed Horta under tow for Rotterdam, Netherlands on 22 February,[36] where it arrived on 11 March.[37]
Laura Annie Barnes  United Kingdom The schooner ran aground in the Nantucket Sound, United States.[30]
V14 Rafael  Spanish Republican Navy Spanish Civil War: The auxiliary patrol Ship was lost on this date.[16]

20 January

List of shipwrecks: 20 January 1939
Ship Country Description
Esbjorn  Finland The cargo ship ran aground at Lyngsodde, Fredericia, Denmark. Refloated later that day.[6]

21 January

List of shipwrecks: 21 January 1939
Ship Country Description
Koidula  Estonia The cargo ship ran aground in the Uruguay River, Uruguay.[6] Refloated on 27 January after 1,700 tons of cargo was discharged.[38]
Pacific Grove  United Kingdom The cargo ship ran aground at Guayaquil, Ecuador.[6]
V17 Juan Lucena  Spanish Republican Navy Spanish Civil War: The auxiliary patrol Ship was lost on this date.[16]
Wilston  United Kingdom The cargo ship ran aground at Wicca Pool, Zennor, Cornwall, UK with the loss of all hands.[39][40]

22 January

List of shipwrecks: 22 January 1939
Ship Country Description
Cabourg  France The cargo ship reported passing Ouessant, Finistère whilst on a voyage from Ghent, West Flanders, Belgium to Marseille, Bouches-du-Rhône. No further trace, presumed foundered as the bodies of two crew members were later washed up.[41][42]
Mado  Netherlands The cargo ship ran aground entering Margate Harbour, Kent, United Kingdom.[6] Refloated the next day.[43]
Silverash  United Kingdom The cargo ship caught fire and sank at New York, United States.[44] Later refloated, departed under tow on 23 April for Sunderland, Co Durham.[45] Arrived on 18 May.[46]
Wilston  United Kingdom The cargo ship ran aground near Cape Cornwall, Cornwall with the loss of all 30 crew.[47]

23 January

List of shipwrecks: 23 January 1939
Ship Country Description
African Mariner  United Kingdom Spanish Civil War: The cargo ship was bombed and sunk at Barcelona by Nationalist aircraft. Two crew were killed.[48] She was refloated on 18 April 1939 and seized by the Spanish Government, repaired and returned to service as Castillo Montjuich.[49]
Argentina  Spain Spanish Civil War: The passenger ship was bombed and sunk at Barcelona. Later raised and scrapped.[50]
C17  Spanish Republican Navy Spanish Civil War: The C1 class motor launch was lost on this date.[51]
John and Sara Eliza Stych Royal National Lifeboat Institution The St Ives lifeboat launched to go to the aid of a steamship off Cape Cornwall, United Kingdom. She capsized three times; off Clodgy Point, The Island and Godrevy Point. Only one crew member survived.[52]
Lobos  United Kingdom The passenger ship collided with Viriglio ( Italy) off Callao, Peru and was beached.[53] Later refloated, arrived at Lima on 17 February.[54]
Nida  Lithuania The cargo ship was driven ashore at Christiansø, Denmark. Refloated later that day.[53]
Riga  Estonia The cargo ship was driven ashore on Christiansø, Denmark.[43]
Sulev  Estonia The cargo ship ran aground at Nantes, France.[43]
V16 Maria  Spanish Republican Navy Spanish Civil War: The auxiliary patrol Ship was lost on this date.[16]

24 January

List of shipwrecks: 24 January 1939
Ship Country Description
St Clair Therault  United Kingdom The schooner caught fire and was abandoned at 47°47′N 6°55′W / 47.783°N 6.917°W / 47.783; -6.917.[53]
Itange  Brazil The cargo ship ran aground at Victoria, sprang a leak and was beached.[53]
Miocene  United Kingdom Spanish Civil War: The cargo ship was bombed and sunk at Barcelona by Nationalist aircraft. Refloated in 1940, confiscated by the Spanish Government but scrapped in 1944.[15]
Vassos  Greece The tanker ran aground at Lysersori.[53] Refloated on 26 January.[55]

25 January

List of shipwrecks: 25 January 1939
Ship Country Description
Azelma  France Spanish Civil War: The cargo ship was bombed and sunk at Sant Feliu de Guíxols by Nationalist aircraft. Refloated in 1940, confiscated by the Spanish Government and returned to service as Castillo Javier.[15]
Colonel Ralston  United Kingdom The cargo ship came ashore at Annapolis, Maryland, United States and was a total loss.[56]
Kaiapoi  Panama The cargo ship struck rocks and sank in Wenchow Bay, China (28°16′N 121°38′E / 28.267°N 121.633°E / 28.267; 121.633). All crew were rescued.[10]
Supetar  Yugoslavia The cargo ship ran aground at Karadeniz Ereğli, Turkey. Refloated later that day.[10]

26 January

List of shipwrecks: 26 January 1939
Ship Country Description
Aspen  United Kingdom The coaster ran aground at the entrance to Holyhead Harbour, Anglesey.[10]
Fueloil  United States The tanker ran aground on Shooters Island, New York.[10] Refloated later that day.[55]
Monturiol  Spanish Republican Navy Spanish Civil War: The auxiliary patrol Ship was lost on this date.[16]
Yolande  France Spanish Civil War: The cargo ship was bombed and sunk at Barcelona by Nationalist aircraft.[15]

27 January

List of shipwrecks: 27 January 1939
Ship Country Description
Kamikaze Maru  Japan The coastal tanker capsized and sank off Kushiro.[55]
Foynes  United Kingdom Spanish Civil War: The tanker was bombed and damaged at Valencia. She capsized and sank the next day.[38] She was refloated on 23 November, repaired and entered Spanish service as Castillo Riaza.[57]
Shun Chih  United Kingdom The cargo ship ran aground at Swatow, China.[55] Refloated undamaged the next day.[38]
Suzy  Greece Spanish Civil War: The cargo ship was bombed and severely damaged at Valencia.[38]

28 January

List of shipwrecks: 28 January 1939
Ship Country Description
Virgil G. Bogue  United States The tug collided with Point Lobos ( United States) in the Oakland Estuary, California and sank.[38]
Lake Lugano  United Kingdom Spanish Civil War: The steamer, already abandoned and beached at the bay of Palamós after being damaged by air attack on 6 August 1938, was shelled and wrecked by the Spanish Nationalist auxiliary cruiser Mar Negro ( Spanish Navy) at 41°50′49.90″N 03°07′08.85″E / 41.8471944°N 3.1191250°E / 41.8471944; 3.1191250.[58][59]

29 January

List of shipwrecks: 29 January 1939
Ship Country Description
V12 Adela  Spanish Republican Navy Spanish Civil War: The auxiliary patrol Ship was lost on this date.[16]

30 January

List of shipwrecks: 30 January 1939
Ship Country Description
Garryvale  Finland The cargo ship ran aground in the North Sea off the mouth of the Tees. She was refloated and consequently scrapped. Her crew survived.[60]
Julie  United Kingdom The sailing ship was abandoned in a sinking condition 15 nautical miles (28 km) south south east of the Eddystone Lighthouse. The crew were rescued by the trawler Roger Robert ( Belgium).[32]

31 January

List of shipwrecks: 31 January 1939
Ship Country Description
Askot  Norway The cargo ship ran aground off Foundiougne, French West Africa.[61] Refloated the next day.[62]
Robur VIII  Poland The cargo ship ran aground north of the Terschelling Lighthouse, Netherlands. Refloated the next day.[62]
Ohio  United States The tug collided with Esso Belgium ( Belgium) at New Orleans, Louisiana and was beached.[63]

Unknown date

List of shipwrecks: Unknown date 1939
Ship Country Description
Besos  Spanish Republican Navy Spanish Civil War: The auxiliary patrol Ship was lost sometime in January.[16]
Crisabelle Stephen  United Kingdom The fishing vessel ran aground and sank.[64]
HMS Medea  Royal Navy The decommissioned and sold for scrap minesweeper/training ship, a former M15-class monitor, parted her tow on her way to the breaker's yard and was driven ashore at Trebetherick Point, Cornwall or Padstow, Cornwall and was wrecked on the 23rd or 28th.[65][43]
V24 Teresa  Spanish Republican Navy Spanish Civil War: The auxiliary patrol Ship was lost sometime in January.[16]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Weather and Navigation". The Times (48193). London. 3 January 1939. col G, p. 18.
  2. "Casualty Reports". The Times (48192). London. 2 January 1939. col E, p. 27.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "Casualty Reports". The Times (48196). London. 6 January 1939. col F, p. 23.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 "Casualty Reports". The Times (48198). London. 9 January 1939. col G, p. 20.
  5. 1 2 3 4 "Shipwrecks In Black Sea Blizzard". The Times (48193). London. 3 January 1939. col E, p. 9.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 "Casualty Reports". The Times (48210). London. 23 January 1939. col F, p. 19.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Casualty Reports". The Times (48199). London. 10 January 1939. col G, p. 22.
  8. 1 2 3 "Casualty Reports". The Times (48207). London. 19 January 1939. col F, p. 22.
  9. 1 2 3 4 "Casualty Reports". The Times (48193). London. 3 January 1939. col G, p. 18.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Casualty Reports". The Times (48214). London. 27 January 1939. col C, p. 25.
  11. 1 2 3 "Casualty Reports". The Times (48197). London. 7 January 1939. col C, p. 21.
  12. "Casualty Reports". The Times (48194). London. 4 January 1939. col D, p. 21.
  13. 1 2 3 "Casualty Reports". The Times (48200). London. 11 January 1939. col F, p. 20.
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Casualty Reports". The Times (48205). London. 17 January 1939. col F, p. 22.
  15. 1 2 3 4 5 Etchegaray, Rafael González (1977). "Appendix Two". La Marina Mercante y el tráfico marítimo en la Guerra Civil (in Spanish). Madrid: Librería Editorial San Martín. ISBN 84-7140-150-9.
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "auxiliary patrol ships of the Civil War and WWII, Converted merchant Ships, Spain". Navypedia. Retrieved 15 February 2017.
  17. "Japanese Steamer Refloated". The Times (48222). London. 6 February 1939. col F, p. 21.
  18. "Norwegian Motor Vessel Ashore". The Times (48198). London. 9 January 1939. col C, p. 21.
  19. 1 2 3 4 5 "Casualty Reports". The Times (48201). London. 12 January 1939. col C, p. 21.
  20. "Casualty Reports". The Times (48233). London. 18 February 1939. col G, p. 23.
  21. "Casualty Reports". The Times (48199). London. 10 January 1939. col G, p. 22.
  22. "Casualty Reports". The Times (48203). London. 14 January 1939. col G, p. 8.
  23. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Casualty Reports". The Times (48204). London. 16 January 1939. col E, p. 21.
  24. "Casualty Reports". The Times (482). London. 13 January 1939.
  25. "Cabo Cullera (+1939)". Wrecksite. Retrieved 30 November 2011.
  26. 1 2 "Casualty Reports". The Times (48206). London. 18 January 1939. col G, p. 22.
  27. "Norwegian Merchant Fleet 1939 - 1945. Ships starting with E". Warsailors. Retrieved 12 January 2012.
  28. "News in Brief". The Times (48206). London. 18 January 1939. col G, p. 9.
  29. "News in Brief". The Times (48207). London. 19 January 1939. col G, p. 9.
  30. 1 2 "Casualty Reports". The Times (48209). London. 21 January 1939. col G, p. 8.
  31. "Casualty Reports". The Times (48208). London. 20 January 1939. col G, p. 6.
  32. 1 2 "Casualty Reports". The Times (48217). London. 31 January 1939. col F, p. 22.
  33. "Casualty Reports". The Times (48224). London. 8 February 1939. col F, p. 4.
  34. "Casualty Reports". The Times (48228). London. 13 February 1939. col F, p. 20.
  35. "Casualty Reports". The Times (48230). London. 15 February 1939. col C, p. 25.
  36. "Casualty Reports". The Times (48237). London. 23 February 1939. col F, p. 24.
  37. "Casualty Reports". The Times (48252). London. 13 March 1939. col E, p. 21.
  38. 1 2 3 4 5 "Casualty Reports". The Times (48216). London. 30 January 1939. col F, p. 20.
  39. "1923 - 1939". St. Ives Trust. Retrieved 2008-03-16.
  40. "1137823"Paid subscription required. Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 25 April 2009.
  41. "SS Cabourg (+1939)". Wrecksite. Retrieved 30 November 2011.
  42. Jordan, Roger (1999). The world's merchant fleets, 1939. London: Chatham publishing. p. 455. ISBN 1 86176 023 X.
  43. 1 2 3 4 "Casualty Reports". The Times (48211). London. 24 January 1939. col F, p. 22.
  44. "Fire In British Motor-ship". The Times (48211). London. 24 January 1939. col D, p. 22.
  45. "Casualty Reports". The Times (48288). London. 25 April 1939. col C, p. 26.
  46. "Casualty Reports". The Times (48309). London. 19 May 1939. col F, p. 28.
  47. "SS Wilston (+1939)". Wrecksite. Retrieved 1 December 2011.
  48. "British Ships Again Bombed". The Times (48211). London. 24 January 1939. col A, p. 11.
  49. "Belgian Merchant A-G" (PDF). Belgische Koopvaardij. Retrieved 30 September 2010.
  50. "SS Argentina (+1939)". Wrecksite. Retrieved 30 November 2011.
  51. "C 1 class motor launches of Tabacalera (1922-1925), Spain". Navypedia. Retrieved 15 February 2017.
  52. "St Ives History". Retrieved 23 October 2011.
  53. 1 2 3 4 5 "Casualty Reports". The Times (48212). London. 25 January 1939. col F-G, p. 24.
  54. "Casualty Reports". The Times (48234). London. 20 February 1939. col C, p. 23.
  55. 1 2 3 4 "Casualty Reports". The Times (48215). London. 28 January 1939. col E, p. 23.
  56. "Casualty Reports". The Times (48213). London. 26 January 1939. col G, p. 6.
  57. "Island Queen". Gooleships. Retrieved 28 May 2012.
  58. de Trijueque, Pere (17 September 2006). "Un pobre vaixell anomenat "Lake Lugano"" (PDF) (in Catalan). Retrieved 14 April 2016.
  59. Moreno de Alborán y de Reyna, Salvador (1998). La guerra silenciosa y silenciada: historia de la campaña naval durante la guerra de 1936-39, Volume 4, Part 2, p. 2725. Ed. Alborán. ISBN 84-923691-0-8 (in Spanish)
  60. Jordan, Roger (1999). The world's merchant fleets, 1939. London: Chatham publishing. p. 453. ISBN 1 86176 023 X.
  61. "Casualty Reports". The Times (48218). London. 1 February 1939. col G, p. 10.
  62. 1 2 "Casualty Reports". The Times (48219). London. 2 February 1939. col G, p. 4.
  63. "Casualty Reports". The Times (48221). London. 4 February 1939. col C, p. 21.
  64. "FV Crisabelle Stephen (+1939)". Wrecksite. Retrieved 30 November 2011.
  65. "HMS Medea (+1939)". Wrecksite. Retrieved 30 November 2011.
Ship events in 1939
Ship launches: 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944
Ship commissionings: 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944
Ship decommissionings: 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944
Shipwrecks: 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.