List of rampage killers (school massacres)

This section of the list of rampage killers contains those cases that occurred at kindergartens, schools and universities, as well as their affiliated buildings. If the perpetrator was a member of the school staff and the victims primarily his colleagues, the case is not included here, but it is added to the list of rampage workplace killings.

A rampage killer has been defined as follows:

A rampage involves the (attempted) killing of multiple persons least partly in public space by a single physically present perpetrator using (potentially) deadly weapons in a single event without any cooling-off period.[1]

This list should contain every case with at least one of the following features:

All abbreviations used in the table are explained below.

Rampage killers

Perpetrator Date Year Location Country Killed Injured W Additional Notes Ref.
1. Kehoe, Andrew Philip, 55[n 1] 05.18 May 18 1927 Bath Township, Michigan U.S.
44
58
 FME Committed suicide
Also killed numerous animals 		Loc: Consolidated school, Farm; Occ: Farmer; W: Explosives, Club?; Rel: Wife; Non-Sch: Several
2. Cho, Seung-Hui, 23
(조승희) 		04.16 April 16 2007 Blacksburg, Virginia U.S.
32
17
 F Committed suicide Loc: University; Occ: Student; W: Glock 19, Walther P22; Rel: None; Non-Sch: None
3. Lanza, Adam Peter, 20[n 1] 12.14 Dec. 14 2012 Newtown, Connecticut U.S.
27
 02
2
 F Committed suicide Loc: Elementary school; Occ: ---; W: Bushmaster XM15-E2S, bolt-action rifle; Rel: Mother; Non-Sch: Mother
4. Hamilton, Thomas Watt, 43 03.13 March 13 1996 Dunblane U.K.
17
 15
15
 F Committed suicide Loc: Elementary School; Occ: ---; W: Two Browning HP, Two Smith & Wesson M19 (used only for suicide?); Rel: None; Non-Sch: None
5. Steinhäuser, Robert, 19 04.26 April 26 2002 Erfurt Germany
16
 01
1
 F Committed suicide Loc: Gymnasium; Occ: Student (expelled); W: Glock 17; Rel: None; Non-Sch: Police officer
6. Whitman, Charles Joseph, 25[n 1] 08.01 Aug. 1 1966 Austin, Texas U.S.
15
32
 FM Killed by police
One of the injured died in 2001; attributed to this event 		Loc: University/Stationary; Occ: ---; W: ---; Rel: Mother, wife; Non-Sch: 2 killed(mother, wife)
7. Kretschmer, Tim, 17 03.11 March 11 2009 Winnenden and Wendlingen Germany
15
 09
9
 F Committed suicide Loc: Realschule, others; Occ: Student; W: Beretta 92FS; Rel: None; Non-Sch: At least five
8. Lépine, Marc, 25 12.06 Dec. 6 1989 Montreal, Quebec Canada
14
14
 FM Committed suicide Loc: University; Occ: ---; W: Ruger Mini-14, Hunting knife; Rel: None; Non-Sch: ---
9. Harris, Eric David, 18
Klebold, Dylan Bennet, 17 		04.20 April 20 1999 Columbine, Colorado U.S.
13
21
 F E Both committed suicide Loc: High school; Occ: Student (both); W: Hi-Point 995 Carbine (Harris), Savage 67H (Harris), Intratec TEC-DC9 (Klebold), Stevens 311D (Klebold), Pipe bombs (both), Molotov cocktails (both); Rel: None; Non-Sch: None
10. Menezes de Oliveira, Wellington, 23 04.07 April 7 2011 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
12
22
 F Committed suicide Loc: ---; Occ: ---; W: Two Revolvers; Rel: None; Non-Sch: None
11. Gadirov, Farda, 28 04.30 April 30 2009 Baku Azerbaijan
12
13
 F Committed suicide
One more died by jumping out of a window 		Loc: University; Occ: ---; W: Makarov PM; Rel: None; Non-Sch: ---
12. Bai Ningyang, 18
(白宁阳) 		05.08 May 8 2006 Shiguan China
12
 05
5
  MA Sentenced to death Loc: Kindergarten; Occ: ---; W: Knife, Arson; Rel: None; Non-Sch: None
13. Seifert, Walter, 42 06.11 June 11 1964 Volkhoven West Germany
10
22
 FM Committed suicide Loc: Elementary school; Occ: Unemployed; W: Flamethrower, Lance, Mace (all homemade); Rel: None; Non-Sch: None
14. Saari, Matti Juhani, 22 09.23 Sep. 23 2008 Kauhajoki Finland
10
 01.3
1
 F A Committed suicide Loc: Vocational school; Occ: Student; W: Walther P22; Rel: None; Non-Sch: None?
15. Wu Huanming, 47
(吴焕明) 		05.12 May 12 2010 Linchang China
9
11
  M Committed suicide Loc: Kindergarten; Occ: ---; W: Cleaver; Rel: None; Non-Sch: ---
16. Harper-Mercer, Christopher Sean, 26 10.01 Oct. 1 2015 Roseburg, Oregon U.S.
9
 07.09
9
 F Committed suicide
17. Weise, Jeffrey James, 16[n 1] 03.21 March 21 2005 Red Lake, Minnesota U.S.
9
 07.15
5
 F Committed suicide Loc: High school; Occ: Student; W: 12-gauge Remington 870, Ruger MK II; Glock 23; Rel: Grandfather; Non-Sch: 2 killed
18. Yan Yanming, 21
(闫彦明) 		11.26 Nov. 26 2004 Ruzhou China
9
 04
3
  M Sentenced to death and executed [2] Loc: ---; Occ: ---; W: Knife; Rel: ---; Non-Sch: ---
19. Takuma, Mamoru, 37
(宅間 守) 		06.08 June 8 2001 Ikeda, Osaka Japan
8
15
  M Sentenced to death and executed Loc: ---; Occ: ---; W: Kitchen knife; Rel: ---; Non-Sch: ---
20. Ala Hisham Abu Dheim, 26
(علاء هاشم أبو دهيم) 		03.06 March 6 2008 Jerusalem Israel
8
 09.11
11
 F Shot dead Loc: ---; Occ: ---; W: AKM; Rel: ---; Non-Sch: ---
21. Zheng Minsheng, 41
(郑明生) 		03.23 March 23 2010 Nanping China
8
 05
5
  M Sentenced to death and executed [3] Loc: ---; Occ: ---; W: ---; Rel: ---; Non-Sch: ---
22. Auvinen, Pekka-Eric, 18 11.07 Nov. 7 2007 Jokela Finland
8
 01
1
 F A Committed suicide Loc: ---; Occ: Student; W: SIG Mosquito; Rel: ---; Non-Sch: ---
23. U Win-maung 03.26 March 26 1975 Burma
7
 05
5
  M Shot dead [4] Loc: ---; Occ: Principal; W: ---; Rel: ---; Non-Sch: ---
24. Wang Xiangjun 04.01 April 1 1996 Meitian China
7
 05
5
  M Arrested [5] Loc: ---; Occ: ---; W: ---; Rel: ---; Non-Sch: ---
25. Goh, One L., 43 (suspect) 04.02 April 2 2012 Oakland, California U.S.
7
 03
3
 F Arrested; on trial Loc: University; Occ: Student; W: .45-caliber semi-automatic pistol.; Rel: ---; Non-Sch: ---
26. Lee Chi Hang, 28[n 1]
(李志衡) 		06.03 June 3 1982 Sham Shui Po Hong Kong
6
37
  M Found not guilty by reason of insanity Loc: Kindergarten, others; Occ: ---; W: Two knives, two chisels; Rel: Mother, sister; Non-Sch: Several
27. Mohammed Ahmad Misleh al-Nazari, 48 03.30 March 30 1997 Sana'a Yemen
6
12
 F Sentenced to death and executed [6] Loc: ---; Occ: ---; W: Kalashnikov assault rifle; Rel: ---; Non-Sch: ---
28. Donchev, Branimir, 17 12.24 Dec. 24 1974 Durvenitsa Bulgaria
6
10
 F Arrested [7] Loc: University hostel; Occ: ---; W: ---; Rel: ---; Non-Sch: ---
29. Lepnev, Sergei, 18
(Лепнев, Сергей) 		03.09 March 9 1997 Kamyshin Russia
6
 02
2
 F Sentenced to death, later changed to life imprisonment [8] Loc: ---; Occ: ---; W: ---; Rel: ---; Non-Sch: ---
30. Purdy, Patrick Edward, 24 01.17 Jan. 17 1989 Stockton, California U.S.
5
32
 F A Committed suicide Loc: Elementary school; Occ: ---; W: Norinco Type 56S; Rel: None; Non-Sch: None
31. Mohammed Farhat, 17
(محمد فتحي فرحات) 		03.07 March 7 2002 Atzmona Gaza Strip
5
23
 F E Shot dead [9] Some of the wounded were not physically harmed
32. Kazmierczak, Steven Phillip, 27 02.14 Feb. 14 2008 DeKalb, Illinois U.S.
5
17
 F Committed suicide Loc: University; Occ: ---; W: 12-gauge Remington Sportsman 48, Glock 19; Rel: ---; Non-Sch: ---
33. Charva, Karel, 34 06.03 June 3 1983 Eppstein West Germany
5
14
 F Committed suicide [10] Loc: Gesamtschule; Occ: ---; W: Smith & Wesson Model 59, 7.65mm Astra semi-automatic pistol; Rel: None; Non-Sch: Police officer
34. Golden, Andrew Douglas, 11
Johnson, Mitchell Scott, 13 		03.24 March 24 1998 Jonesboro, Arkansas U.S.
5
10
 F Both were imprisoned until their 21st birthday Loc: ---; Occ: Student (both); W: .30-06 Remington Model 742, Universal M1 Carbine; Rel: ---; Non-Sch: ---
35. Roberts, Charles Carl, 32 10.02 Oct. 2 2006 Nickel Mines, Pennsylvania U.S.
5
 05
5
 F Committed suicide Loc: ---; Occ: ---; W: 12-gauge Browning BPS, 9mm Springfield XD; Rel: ---; Non-Sch: ---
36. Kinkel, Kipland Philip, 15[n 1] 05.20 May 20/21 1998 Springfield, Oregon U.S.
4
35
 F Sentenced to 111 years in prison [11] Loc: High school; Occ: Student; W: Ruger 10/22, Glock 19; Rel: Father, mother; Non-Sch: ---
37. Schmidt, Heinz Jakob Friedrich Ernst, 29 06.20 June 20 1913 Bremen Germany
4
21
 F Found not guilty by reason of insanity
One more died trying to escape 		Loc: ---; Occ: ---; W: ---; Rel: ---; Non-Sch: ---
38. Liu Hongwen, 28
(刘洪文) 		09.30 Sep. 30 2004 Linwu County China
4
12
  M Found not guilty by reason of insanity [12] Loc: ---; Occ: Teacher; W: ---; Rel: ---; Non-Sch: ---
39. De Gelder, Kim, 20 01.16 Jan. 16/23 2009 Vrasene and Sint-Gillis-bij-Dendermonde Belgium
4
12
  M Sentenced to life imprisonment Loc: Kindergarten; Occ: ---; W: ---; Rel: None; Non-Sch: ---
40. Houston, Eric Christopher, 20 05.01 May 1 1992 Olivehurst, California U.S.
4
 09.10
10
 F Sentenced to death Loc: High school; Occ: ---; W: 12-gauge pump-action shotgun, Sawed-off .22 caliber rifle; Rel: ---; Non-Sch: ---
41. Unknown, 17[n 1] 01.22 Jan. 22 2016 La Loche, Saskatchewan Canada
4
7
 F Pleaded guilty
42. Fang Jiantang, 26
(方建堂) 		08.03 Aug. 3 2010 Zibo China
3–4
 07.20
7–20
  M Sentenced to death and executed [13] Loc: ---; Occ: ---; W: ---; Rel: ---; Non-Sch: ---
43. Wu Yechang, 25
(吴业昌) 		09.21 Sep. 21 2012 Pingnan County China
3
13
  M Arrested [14] Loc: ---; Occ: ---; W: ---; Rel: ---; Non-Sch: ---
44. Barbaro, Anthony F., 17 12.30 Dec. 30 1974 Olean, New York U.S.
3
 09.11
11
 F E Committed suicide while awaiting trial Loc: High school; Occ: Student; W: Remington .30-06-caliber rifle with telescopic sight, 12-gauge shotgun, Smoke bomb; Rel: ---; Non-Sch: ---
45. Lawrynowicz, Stanislaw
Obrapalski, Janusz 		05.06 May 6 1925 Wilno Poland
3
 04.11
9
 F E Both committed suicide Loc: Gymnasium, W: Revolvers, Grenades, Bomb Loc: Gymnasium; Occ: Student (both); W: Revolvers, grenades; Rel: None; Non-Sch: None
46. Unknown, 21 11.13 Nov. 13 1971 Guatemala City Guatemala
2
15
  M Arrested [15] Loc: Agricultural school; Occ: Student; W: Machete; Rel: ---; Non-Sch: ---
47. Lu Xiaoxi, 25
(吕晓喜) 		08.25 Aug. 25 1998 Jiudian China
2
15
  M Sentenced to death [16] Loc: Jiudian village (九店乡) middle school; Occ: Teacher; W: Knife; Rel: None; Non-Sch: None
48. Kausler, Robert, 27 12.21 Dec. 21 1972 Erlangen West Germany
2
13
 F A Perished in the fire [17] Loc: University library; Occ: Student; W: ---; Rel: ---; Non-Sch: ---
49. Slobodian, Michael Peter, 16 05.28 May 28 1975 Brampton, Ontario Canada
2
13
 F Committed suicide Loc: Secondary school; Occ: Student; W: ---; Rel: ---; Non-Sch: ---
50. Williams, Charles Andrew, 15 03.05 March 5 2001 Santee, California U.S.
2
13
 F Sentenced to 50 years to life imprisonment Loc: High school; Occ: Student; W: Arminius .22 caliber revolver; Rel: ---; Non-Sch: ---
51. Mitchell, Tyrone, 28 02.24 Feb. 24 1984 Los Angeles, California U.S.
2
12
 F Committed suicide [18] Loc: Elementary school/stationary; Occ: ---; W: AR-15, Winchester 12-gauge pump-action shotgun; Rel: ---; Non-Sch: ---

Abbreviations and footnotes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 At least one of the victims was a relative of the assailant.

The W-column gives a basic description of the weapons used in the murders

F – Firearms and other ranged weapons, especially rifles and handguns, but also bows and crossbows, grenade launchers, flamethrowers, or slingshot
M – Melee weapons, like knives, swords, spears, machetes, axes, clubs, rods, rocks, or bare hands
O – Any other weapons, such as bombs, hand grenades, Molotov cocktails, poison and poisonous gas, as well as vehicle and arson attacks
A – indicates that an arson attack was the only other weapon used
V – indicates that a vehicle was the only other weapon used
E – indicates that explosives of any sort were the only other weapon used
P – indicates that an anaesthetising or deadly substance of any kind was the only other weapon used (includes poisonous gas)

References

  1. ↑ Seeger, Thorsten (ed.) School Shootings: International Research, Case Studies, and Concepts for Prevention; Springer, 2012.
  2. ↑ Man held over China school deaths, BBC (November 26, 2002)
    – Neunfacher Kindermörder hingerichtet, Spiegel Online (January 20, 2005)
  3. ↑ Man stabs, kills 8 children at Chinese school, Associated Press (March 23, 2010)
    – Man stabs, kills 8 children outside school in China, Los Angeles Times (March 23, 2010)
    – Man kills eight children at east China school, suspect arrested, Xinhua (March 23, 2010)
    – 福建一小学突发惨剧，一男子持刀行凶致小学生8死5伤, sina.com.cn (March 24, 2010)
  4. ↑ Un directeur d'école tue 7 de ses élèves, L'Impartial (March 27, 1973)
    – Knife-wielding principal kills 7 Burmese pupils, wounds 5 others, The Dover Times-Reporter (March 26, 1975)
  5. ↑ Children stabbed, The Straits Times (April 7, 1996)
    – Fusillade dans une école en Allemagne : 16 morts, dont le tireur, Ouest-France (March 11, 2009)
    – Quadro dos piores massacres nos últimos 15 anos, abril.com (March 11, 2009)
    – 1989年至2000年大事记, news.eyizhang.com (2012-10-28)
  6. ↑ Yemen Executes Killer of Six, The Washington Post (April 6, 1997)
  7. ↑ Berserk Youth Kills 6 at Hostel, Los Angeles Times (December 27, 1974)
    – Student runs amok, kills six, Cedar Rapids Gazette (December 27, 1974)
  8. ↑ Police arrest cadet suspected of shooting dead six at military training college, Interfax (March 9, 1997)
    – Курсант расстрелял восемь сослуживцев, Kommersant (March 9, 1997)
    – За что расстреляли шестерых курсантов?, rodgor.ru (April 22, 2009)
  9. ↑ Mideast Turmoil: The Scene; Arab Child Of Uprising Grew Up Into Gunman, The New York Times (March 9, 2002)
    – In Growing Numbers, Palestinian Boys Are Choosing the Brief Life of a 'Martyr', Los Angeles Times (June 10, 2002)
    – Terrorist kills five in Atzmona. Hamas claims midnight Gaza attack, Jerusalem Post (March 8, 2002)
  10. ↑ 19 Jahre nach Schul-Amoklauf, Deutsche Presse-Agentur (April 30, 2002)
    – West German police describe Czech gunman as smart and loner, Philadelphia Inquirer (June 6, 1983)
  11. ↑ Oregon families trying to make sense of killing, Rome News-Tribune (May 22, 1998)
    – A difficult first day back, Charlotte Observer (May 27, 1998)
    – Wjo is Kip Kinkel?: Timeline, Frontline (June 24, 2007)
  12. ↑ 湖南小学老师校园内行凶 砍死4学童砍伤16师生, Xinhua (October 7, 2004)
    – Teacher killing 4 students declared schizophrenic, China Daily (November 11, 2004)
    – Four killed in teacher's meat cleaver attack, Independenz Online (October 7, 2004)
  13. ↑ Four dead in China kindergarten attack, CNN (August 4, 2010)
    – China school attack kills at least three children, BBC News (August 4, 2010)
    – 4 Believed Dead in China School Attack, The New York Times (August 4, 2010)
    – At least three dead in knife attack on China school, AFP (August 4, 2010)
    – Man detained after three die in E China kindergarten attack, Xinhua (August 4, 2010)
    – 山东淄博杀童血案凶手被捕 嫌犯是律师, The Epoch Times (August 6, 2010)
    – 山東幼兒園血案 律師：兇手非律師, The Epoch Times (August 11, 2010)
    – In China, school attacks expose divides, The Hindu (September 26, 2010)
  14. ↑ 3 children killed in nursery rampage, People's Daily (September 22, 2012)
    – Suicide-attempting child killer blames frustration for attack, China Daily (September 22, 2012)
    – 广西平南县"9.21"故意杀人案 致3人死亡13人受伤, Sohu (September 22, 2012)
  15. ↑ Student amok kills two, The Straits Times (November 15, 1971)
    – Machete slayings, Des Moines Register (November 15, 1971)
  16. ↑ Ex-soldier runs amok in school, The Standard (October 5, 1998)
    – Chinese ex-soldier slashes 23 in school rampage, Reuters (October 4, 1998)
    – 教师持刀杀学生案, edulawonline.com
    – 优秀教师血洗校园, 66163.com
  17. ↑ Five die as jilted students runs amuck in Bavaria, The Times (December 22, 1972)
    – Student lief amok, Hamburger Abendblatt (December 21, 1972)
    – Verschmähte Liebe kostete drei jungen Menschen das Leben, Hamburger Abendblatt (December 22, 1972)
  18. ↑ Jonestown specter haunted sniper, Mohave Daily Miner (February 26, 1984)
    – Mystery sniper sprays LA schoolyard, The Courier (February 26, 1984)
    – Sniper kills 1, wounds 12 at L.A. school playground, St. Petersburg Times (February 25, 1984)
    – School sniper victim dies, Oxnard Press-Courier (April 15, 1984)
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