List of pre-Islamic Arabian deities
A statue of Allat-Minerva. Allat is one of deities worshipped in pre-Islamic Arabia.
Until about the fourth century, almost all Arabs practised polytheistic religions.[1] The following is a list of deities worshipped in pre-Islamic Arabia.
Notable deities
- Al-Lat, Al-Uzza and Manat were three goddesses worshipped as the daughters of Allah. They are mentioned in the Quran, in Surat An-Najm.
- Hubal was a notable deity in the Kaaba. According to Ibn al-Kalbi, the prophet of Islam Muhammad's grandfather Abdul Mutallib vowed to sacrifice one of his children, and consulted the arrows of Hubal. Abdullah, Muhammad's father, was chosen, but he was saved when 100 camels were sacrificed in his place.
- Wadd, Suwa', Yaghuth, Ya'uq, and Nasr were deities mentioned in the Quran as deities of the time of prophet Noah.
Alphabetical list
A
- A'im
- a deity of the Azd tribe[2]g
- A'ra
- North Arabian tutelary god[3]
- Abirillu
- North Arabian deity
- Allah
- theorized to be a supreme deity
- Al-Fals[4]
- Al-Kutbay
- Nabataean god of writing
- Allat
- one of the daughters of Allah, equated to Athena by the Nabataeans
- Almaqah
- main god of the Sabaeans
- Al-Qaum
- Nabataean god of war and the night, and guardian of the caravans[5]
- Al-Uqaysir[6]
- Al-Uzza
- one of the daughters of Allah, equated to Aphrodite Ourania by the Nabataeans
- Amm
- moon god of Qataban
- Anbay
- god of justice worshipped in Qataban
- Atarquruma
- North Arabian deity
- Atarsamain
- North Arabian deity associated with Venus
- Athtar
- South Arabian storm god
- Awf
- great bird god worshipped in the Kaaba[7][8]
B
D
- Dai
- North Arabian deity
- Dhat-Badan
- South Arabian goddess of the oasis
- Dhat Anwat
- West Arabian tree deity
- Dhu al-Kaffayn
- Dhul Khalasa
- South Arabian god of redemption
- Dushara
- chief deity of the Nabataeans
H
- Haubas
- Sabaean oracular god
- Haukim
- god worshipped in Qataban
- Hilal
- god of the new moon[9]
- Hubal
- a god of divination, his idol stood in the Kaaba
I
- Isāf and Nā'ila
- a pair of deities located near the Well of Zamzam
- Isis
- Nabataean goddess imported from the Egyptian pantheon
- Inzak
- main god of Dilmun
K
- Kahl
- patron god of Kindah
M
N
- Nasr
- this deity is mentioned in the Quran
- Nuha
- North Arabian sun goddess
- Nuhm
- a deity of the Muzaynah tribe
Q
- Qaynan
- South Arabian god
- Quzah
- West Arabian weather god worshipped in Muzdalifah
R
- Ruda
- North Arabian moon god
S
- Sa'd
- West Arabian fortune god worshipped by the Banu Kinanah tribe
- Salman
- South Arabian god
- Shams
- sun goddess
- Sin
- moon god worshipped in Hadhramaut[10]
- Su'ayr
- an oracular deity of the 'Anazzah tribe
- Suwa'
- a deity who stood near Makkah and is also mentioned in the Quran
T
W
Y
References
- ↑ Robert G. Hoyland (11 September 2002). Arabia and the Arabs: From the Bronze Age to the Coming of Islam. Routledge. p. 139. ISBN 978-1-134-64634-0.
- ↑ http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/aim.htm
- ↑ Jordan, Michael (2014). Dictionary of Gods and Goddesses. Infobase Publishing. p. 26.
- ↑ "Al-Fals". answering-islam.org. Retrieved 2017-07-14.
- ↑ "NABATAEAN PANTHEON". Nabataea.net. Retrieved 11 July 2017.
- ↑ "Al-Uqaysir". answering-islam.org. Retrieved 2017-07-14.
- ↑ Ross, Leslie D. (2009-06-04). Art and Architecture of the World's Religions [2 volumes]. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9780313342875.
- ↑ Childress, David Hatcher (1989). Lost Cities & Ancient Mysteries of Africa & Arabia. Adventures Unlimited Press. ISBN 9780932813060.
- ↑ Jordan, Michael (2014). Dictionary of Gods and Goddesses. Infobase Publishing. p. 125.
- ↑ Lurker, Manfred (2015-04-29). A Dictionary of Gods and Goddesses, Devils and Demons. Routledge. ISBN 9781136106286.
- ↑ http://www.jstor.org/stable/609235
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