List of peaks by prominence

Chart showing the relationship between the 100 peaks with highest prominence in the world. (In the SVG version, hover over a peak to highlight its parent(s) and click it to view its article.)

This is a list of mountain peaks ordered by their topographic prominence.

Terminology

The prominence of a peak is the minimum height of climb to the summit on any route from a higher peak, or from sea level if there is no higher peak. The lowest point on that route is the col.

For full definitions and explanations of topographic prominence, key col, and parent, see topographic prominence. In particular, the different definitions of the parent of a peak are addressed at length in that article. Height on the other hand simply means elevation of the summit above sea level.

Regarding parents, the prominence parent of peak A can be found by dividing the island or region in question into territories, by tracing the runoff from the key col (mountain pass) of every peak that is more prominent than peak A. The parent is the peak whose territory peak A resides in.

The encirclement parent is found by tracing the contour below peak A's key col and picking the highest mountain in that region. This is easier to determine than the prominence parent; however, it tends to give non-intuitive results for peaks with very low cols such as Jabal Shams which is #110 in the list.

Note that either sort of parent of a typical very high-prominence peak such as Denali will lie far away from the peak itself, reflecting the independence of the peak.

Most sources (and the table below) define no parent for island and landmass highpoints; others treat Mount Everest as the parent of every such peak with the ocean as the "key col".

In the table below, where a single parent is listed, the different definitions agree; where two are given, the prominence parent is marked "1", and the encirclement parent "²".

Prominence table

The following sortable table lists the Earth's 125 most topographically prominent summits. Of these, China has the most: 16. Close behind it are Indonesia, with 13, and the United States with 12. In the Parent column, HP stands for 'highest point on' (an isolated landmass).

The 125 most topographically prominent summits on Earth
No. Peak Range[1] Location Height (m) Prominence (m) Col (m) Parent
1. Mount Everest Himalayas    Nepal /
 People's Republic of China		 8,848 8,848 0 none — HP the world
2. Aconcagua Andes  Argentina 6,962 6,962 0 none — HP the Americas
3. Denali Alaska Range  United States (Alaska) 6,191 6,144 47 Aconcagua
4. Mount Kilimanjaro* Eastern Rift mountains  Tanzania 5,895 5,885 10 Everest
5. Pico Cristóbal Colón Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta  Colombia 5,700 5,509 191 Aconcagua
6. Mount Logan Saint Elias Mountains  Canada 5,959 5,250 709 Denali
7. Pico de Orizaba Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt  Mexico 5,636 4,922 714 Mount Logan
8. Vinson Massif Sentinel Range  Antarctica 4,892 4,892 0 none — HP Antarctica
9. Puncak Jaya Sudirman Range  Indonesia 4,884 4,884 0 none — HP New Guinea
10. Mount Elbrus Caucasus Mountains  Russia 5,642 4,741 901 Everest
11. Mont Blanc/Monte Bianco Alps  France /  Italy 4,808 4,695 113 Everest
12. Mount Damavand Alborz  Iran 5,610 4,667 943 Mount Elbrus
13. Klyuchevskaya Sopka Isolated volcanic group, Kamchatka  Russia 4,750 4,649 101 Everest
14. Nanga Parbat Himalayas  Pakistan 8,125 4,608 3,517 Everest
15. Mauna Kea Hawaiian Islands  United States (Hawaii) 4,205 4,205 0 none — HP Hawaii island
16. Jengish Chokusu Kakshaal Too  Kyrgyzstan /
 People's Republic of China		 7,439 4,148 3,291 Everest
17. Bogda Peak Bogda Shan  People's Republic of China 5,445 4,122 1,323 Everest
18. Chimborazo Cordillera Occidental  Ecuador 6,263 4,118 2,145 Aconcagua
19. Namcha Barwa Himalayas  People's Republic of China 7,782 4,106 3,676 Everest
20. Mount Kinabalu Crocker Range  Malaysia 4,095 4,095 0 none — HP Borneo
21. Mount Rainier Cascade Range  United States 4,393 4,023 370 Orizaba1 / Denali ²
22. K2 Karakoram  Pakistan /
 People's Republic of China		 8,611 4,017 4,594 Everest
23. Ras Dashen Semien Mountains  Ethiopia 4,550 3,997 553 Kilimanjaro
24. Volcán Tajumulco Sierra Madre de Chiapas  Guatemala 4,220 3,980 240 Orizaba1 / Denali ²
25. Pico Bolívar (La Columna) Sierra Nevada de Mérida  Venezuela 4,981 3,957 1,024 Chimborazo1 / Aconcagua ²
26. Mount Fairweather Saint Elias Mountains  United States (Alaska) /
 Canada		 4,671 3,955 722 Mount Logan
27. Yushan (Jade Mountain) Yushan Range  Republic of China (Taiwan) 3,952 3,952 0 none — HP Taiwan
28. Mount Stanley Rwenzori Mountains  Democratic Republic of the Congo /
 Uganda		 5,109 3,951 1,158 Kilimanjaro
29. Kangchenjunga Himalayas    Nepal /
 India		 8,586 3,922 4,664 Everest
30. Tirich Mir Hindu Kush  Pakistan 7,708 3,908 3,800 K21 / Everest²
31. Mount Cameroon Cameroon line  Cameroon 4,040 3,901 139 Stanley1 / Kilimanjaro ²
32. Mount Kenya Eastern Rift mountains  Kenya 5,199 3,825 1,374 Kilimanjaro
33. Mount Kerinci Barisan Mountains  Indonesia 3,805 3,805 0 none — HP Sumatra
34. Mount Erebus Ross Island  Antarctica 3,794 3,794 0 none — HP Ross Island
35. Mount Fuji Honshu  Japan 3,776 3,776 0 none — HP Honshū
36. Toubkal Atlas Mountains  Morocco 4,167 3,757 410 Stanley1 / Kilimanjaro ²
37. Cerro Chirripó Cordillera de Talamanca  Costa Rica 3,820 3,727 93 Chimborazo1 / Aconcagua ²
38. Mount Rinjani Lesser Sunda Islands  Indonesia 3,726 3,726 0 none — HP Lombok
39. Aoraki/Mount Cook Southern Alps  New Zealand 3,724 3,724 0 none — HP South Island
40. Teide Tenerife  Spain 3,718 3,718 0 none — HP Tenerife
41. Finisterre Range HP Finisterrre Range  Papua New Guinea 4,150 3,709 441 Puncak Jaya
42. Monte San Valentin Andes  Chile 4,058 3,696 362 Aconcagua
43. Gunnbjørn Fjeld Watkins Range  Greenland 3,694 3,694 0 none — HP Greenland
44. Ojos del Salado Andes  Argentina /
 Chile		 6,893 3,688 3,205 Aconcagua
45. Semeru Java  Indonesia 3,676 3,676 0 none — HP Java
46. Ritacuba Blanco Cordillera Oriental  Colombia 5,410 3,645 1,765 Chimborazo1 / Aconcagua ²
47. Mount Gongga Daxue Mountains  People's Republic of China 7,556 3,642 3,914 K21 / Everest²
48. Mount Ararat Armenian Highlands  Turkey 5,137 3,611 1,526 Damavand
49. Kongur Tagh Kongur Shan  People's Republic of China 7,649 3,585 4,064 K21 / Everest²
50. Mount Blackburn Wrangell Mountains  United States (Alaska) 4,996 3,535 1,461 Mount Logan
51. Mount Hayes Alaska Range  United States (Alaska) 4,216 3,501 715 Denali
52. Mount Latimojong Sulawesi  Indonesia 3,478 3,478 0 none — HP Sulawesi
53. Mount Saint Elias Saint Elias Mountains  United States (Alaska) /
 Canada (Yukon)		 5,489 3,448 2,041 Mount Logan
54. Ismoil Somoni Peak Pamir Mountains  Tajikistan 7,495 3,402 4,093 K21 / Everest²
55. Dhaulagiri Himalayas    Nepal 8,167 3,357 4,810 K2
56. Mercedario Cordillera de la Ramada  Argentina 6,720 3,353 3,367 Aconcagua
57. Lautaro Andes  Chile 3,623 3,345 278 Aconcagua
58. Belukha Mountain Altai Mountains  Kazakhstan /
 Russia		 4,506 3,343 1,163 K21 / Everest²
59. Mount Etna Sicily  Italy 3,329 3,329 0 none — HP Sicily
60. Monte San Lorenzo Andes  Argentina /
 Chile		 3,706 3,319 387 Aconcagua
61. Mount Karisimbi Virunga Mountains  Rwanda /
 Democratic Republic of the Congo		 4,507 3,312 1,195 Mount Stanley
62. Jabal an Nabi Shu'ayb Sarawat Mountains  Yemen 3,666 3,311 355 Mount Ararat1 / Everest²
63. Mount Waddington Coast Mountains  Canada 4,019 3,289 730 Mount Fairweather
64. Mulhacén Sierra Nevada  Spain 3,479 3,285 194 Mont Blanc
65. Mount Slamet Java  Indonesia 3,428 3,284 144 Semeru
66. Sabalan Alborz  Iran 4,811 3,283 1,528 Mount Ararat
67. Mount Marcus Baker Chugach Mountains  United States (Alaska) 4,016 3,269 747 Mount Hayes
68. Sauyr Zhotasy Saur Mountains  Kazakhstan /
 People's Republic of China		 3,840 3,252 588 Belukha Mountain1 / Everest²
69. Cerro del Bolsón Andes  Argentina 5,552 3,252 2,300 Salado1 / Aconcagua²
70. Tomort Tian Shan  People's Republic of China 4,886 3,243 1,643 Bogda Feng
71. Jade Dragon Snow Mountain Yun Range  People's Republic of China 5,596 3,202 2,394 K21 / Everest²
72. Mount Meru Eastern Rift mountains  Tanzania 4,565 3,170 1,395 Mount Kenya
73. Shiveluch Isolated volcanic group, Kamchatka  Russia 3,307 3,168 139 Klyuchevskaya
74. Nanda Devi Himalayas  India 7,816 3,139 4,677 Dhaulagiri1 / K2²
75. Ichinsky Sredinny Range  Russia 3,607 3,125 482 Klyuchevskaya
76. Mount Lawu Java  Indonesia 3,265 3,118 147 Semeru
77. Batura Sar Karakoram  Pakistan 7,795 3,118 4,677 K2
78. Mount Siple Siple Island  Antarctica 3,110 3,110 0 none — HP Siple Island
79. Pico Duarte Cordillera Central  Dominican Republic 3,098 3,098 0 none — HP Hispaniola
80. Manaslu Himalayas    Nepal 8,163 3,092 5,071 Everest
81. Mount Whitney Sierra Nevada  United States 4,418 3,073 1,345 Orizaba
82. Piton des Neiges Réunion  France (Réunion) 3,069 3,069 0 none — HP Réunion
83. Raung Java  Indonesia 3,332 3,069 263 Semeru
84. Xuelian Feng Tian Shan  People's Republic of China 6,627 3,068 3,559 Peak Jengish Chokusu
85. Haleakalā Hawaiian Islands  United States (Hawaii) 3,055 3,055 0 none — HP Maui
86. Mount Lucania Saint Elias Mountains  Canada 5,226 3,046 2,180 Mount Logan
87. Mount Agung Bali  Indonesia 3,031 3,031 0 none — HP Bali
88. Mount Binaiya Seram  Indonesia 3,027 3,027 0 none — HP Ceram
89. Popocatepetl Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt  Mexico 5,400 3,020 2,380 Orizaba
90. Pico Basilé Bioko  Equatorial Guinea 3,011 3,011 0 none — HP Bioco
91. Koryaksky Kamchatka  Russia 3,456 2,999 457 Klyuchevskaya
92. Gangkhar Puensum Himalayas  Bhutan /
 People's Republic of China 		7,570 2,995 4,575 Kangchenjunga
93. Mount Stephenson Douglas Range  Antarctica 2,987 2,987 0 none — HP Alexander Island
94. Annapurna Himalayas    Nepal 8,091 2,984 5,107 Everest
95. Pik Talgar Trans-Ili Alatau  Kazakhstan 4,979 2,982 1,997 Peak Jengish Chokusu1 / Everest²
96. Mount Shasta Cascade Range  United States 4,317 2,977 1,340 Whitney1 / Orizaba ²
97. Mount Wilhelm Bismarck Range  Papua New Guinea 4,509 2,969 1,540 Puncak Jaya
98. Pico do Ramelau or Mount Ramelau Timor  Timor-Leste 2,963 2,963 0 none — HP Timor
99. Mount Apo Apo–Talomo  Philippines 2,954 2,954 0 none — HP Mindanao
100. Gyala Peri Nyenchen Tanglha Mountains  People's Republic of China 7,294 2,942 4,352 Dhaulagiri1 / K2²
101. Mount Leuser Sumatra  Indonesia 3,466 2,941 525 Mount Kerinci
102. Mount Paget Allardyce Range  United Kingdom (South Georgia) 2,934 2,934 0 none — HP South Georgia
103. Chakragil Kunlun Mountains  People's Republic of China 6,760 2,934 3,826 Gongga Shan1 / Everest²
104. Emi Koussi Tibesti Mountains  Chad 3,445 2,934 511 Karisimbi1 / Kilimanjaro²
105. Monarch Mountain Pacific Ranges  Canada 3,555 2,930 625 Waddington1 / Denali²
106. Mount Suckling Owen Stanley Range  Papua New Guinea 3,676 2,925 751 Puncak Jaya
107. Mount Pulag Cordillera Central  Philippines 2,922 2,922 0 none — HP Luzon
108. El Mela Andes  Argentina 4,150 2,907 1,243 Salado1 / Aconcagua²
109. Kuh-e Taftan Alborz  Iran 3,941 2,901 1,040 Sabalan
110. Jabal Shams Al Hajar Mountains  Oman 3,019 2,899 120 Jabal an Nabi Shu'ayb1 / Everest²
111. Shishapangma Himalayas  People's Republic of China 8,027 2,897 5,130 Annapurna I
112. Pico da Neblina Cerro de la Neblina  Brazil 2,994 2,886 108 Ritacuba Blanco1 / Aconcagua²
113. Saramati Patkai  India /
 Myanmar		 3,826 2,885 941 Dhaulagiri1 / Everest²
114. Maromokotro Madagascar  Madagascar 2,876 2,876 0 none — HP Madagascar
115. Mount Shishaldin Aleutian Range  United States (Alaska) 2,869 2,869 0 none — HP Unimak
116. Moncong Lompotabang Sulawesi  Indonesia 2,874 2,857 17 Mount Rantemario
117. Buni Zom Hindu Raj  Pakistan 6,542 2,845 3,697 K21 / Everest²
118. Kuh-e Bandaka Hindu Kush  Afghanistan 6,812 2,834 3,978 Tirich Mir
119. Mount Robson Rainbow Range  Canada 3,959 2,829 1,130 Whitney1 / Orizaba²
120. Mount Fogo Fogo  Cape Verde 2,829 2,829 0 none — HP Fogo
121. Kamet Himalayas  India 7,756 2,825 4,931 Nanda Devi
122. Rakaposhi Karakoram  Pakistan 7,788 2,818 4,970 K2
123. Aneto Pyrenees  Spain 3,404 2,812 608 Mulhacén
124. Arjuno-Welirang Java  Indonesia 3,339 2,812 527 Semeru
125. Jiuding Shan Daxue Mountains  People's Republic of China 4,969 2,808 2161 K21 / Everest²
No. Peak Range Location Height (m) Prominence (m) Col (m) Parent

Additional peaks

The list of peaks that follow is not complete, but the peaks are all notable. Note that island high points (whose prominence is equal to their elevation) can be found at the List of islands by highest point; hence most are not included below. Some well-known peaks listed here do not score highly by prominence.

All peaks with a prominence of more than 1,500 metres rank as an Ultra. For a complete listing of all 1,524 peaks with prominence greater than this level, see the lists of Ultras.

Peak Location Height (m) Prominence (m) Col (m) Parent
Mount Ruapehu  New Zealand (North Island) 2,797 2,797 0 none — HP North Island, New Zealand
Mount Cereme  Indonesia (Java) 3,078 2,792 286 Semeru
Huascarán  Peru 6,746 2,776 3,970 Ojos del Salado
Mount Arfak  Indonesia 2,955 2,775 179
Mount Elbert  United States (Colorado) 4,401 2,772 1,629 Mount Whitney
San Gorgonio Mountain  United States (California) 3,506 2,528 978 Olancha
Anamudi  India (Kerala) 2,695 2,479 216 ??
Mount Bazardüzü  Azerbaijan /
 Russia		 4,466 2,454 2012
Galdhøpiggen  Norway 2,469 2,372 97 Sauyr Zhotasy¹ / Everest²
Mount Olympos  Greece 2,919 2,355 564 Großglockner¹ / Mont Blanc²
Gerlachovský štít  Slovakia 2,655 2,355 300 Mont Blanc
Mount Kosciuszko  Australia 2,228 2,228 0 none — HP mainland Australia
Monte Rosa   Switzerland 4,634 2,165 2,469 Mont Blanc
Hvannadalshnúkur  Iceland 2,110 2,110 0 none — HP Iceland
Barre des Écrins  France 4,102 2,045 2057 Mont Blanc
Hermon  Lebanon /
 Syria		 2,814 1,804 1010 Qurnat as Sawda', HP Lebanon
Zugspitze  Germany /
 Austria		 2,962 1,746 1,216 Piz Bernina1 / Mont Blanc²
Morne Diablotins  Dominica 1,447 1,447 0 none — HP Dominica
Ben Nevis  United Kingdom (Scotland) 1,344 1,344 0 none — HP Great Britain
Kailash  China (Tibet) 6,638 1,319 5,319 Lunpo Gangri
Machhapuchhare    Nepal 6,993 1,233 5,760 Annapurna I
Carrauntoohil  Ireland 1,038 1,038 0 none — HP Ireland
Snowdon  Wales 1,085 1,038 47 Ben Nevis
Matterhorn/Monte Cervino   Switzerland /
 Italy		 4,478 1,031 3,447 Weisshorn (4,507 m)
Eiger   Switzerland 3,967 362 3,605 Mönch (4,099 m)

See also

Notes

*.^ By convention, cols created by human activity are not counted. Therefore, the Suez, Panama and other canals are ignored in these calculations. Cuts that lower the natural elevations of mountain passes are also ignored.[2] Towers, monuments and similar on the peaks are also ignored.

References

  1. ↑ or island
  2. ↑ http://www.peaklist.org/WWlists/WorldTop50.html
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