Outline of law

Law

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The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to law:

Law – is the set of rules and principles (laws) by which a society is governed, through enforcement by governmental authorities. Law is also the field which concerns the creation and administration of laws, and includes any and all legal systems.

Nature of law

Law can be described as all of the following:

Academic discipline – body of knowledge given to - or received by - a disciple (student); a branch or sphere of knowledge, or field of study, that an individual has chosen to specialise in.
- one of the humanities – academic discipline that study the human condition, using methods that are primarily analytical, critical, or speculative, as distinguished from the mainly empirical approaches of the natural sciences.
Field of science – widely recognized category of specialized expertise within science, and typically embodies its own terminology and nomenclature. Such a field will usually be represented by one or more scientific journals, where peer reviewed research is published. There are many sociology-related scientific journals.
- Social science – field of academic scholarship that explores aspects of human society.
System – set of elements (often called 'components' instead) and relationships which are different from relationships of the set or its elements to other elements or sets.
- part of the legal system – legal scholarship and practice shapes how law is interpreted and applied in societies

Legal systems

List of national legal systems

Canon law (Catholic Church)

Law by source

Sources of law
- Custom (customary law)
  - Custom (canon law)
- Precedent of past judicial decisions (stare decisis)
- Statutory law
  - Statute
  - Black letter law
- Constitutional law
  - Constitution
  - Constitutional court
- Sources of international law
  - Customary international law
  - Treaty
  - Juristic writings (such as legal treatises)

Branches of law

Public law

Administrative law

Criminal law

Criminal law (penal law)
Criminal procedure

Substantive law and adjectival law

Law of persons

Person (canon law)

Civil law

Laws by jurisdictional scope

International law
- Public international law
- Conflict of laws (private international law)
  - Dualism (law)
  - Legal pluralism
- Supranational law
- Law of the European Union
Federal law (national law)
State law
Local ordinance

History

History of law

Basic legal concepts

People who have influenced law

Canon law

Aquinas, St. Thomas (wrote influential Treatise on Law)
Benedict XIV, Pope
Gratian ("Father of Canon Law", founder of canon law jurisprudence; canon law as legal system)
Gregory IX, Pope (promulgated the Decretales Gregorii IX)
Gasparri, Pietro (codified the 1917 Code of Canon Law)
John Paul II, Pope St. (promulgated the 1983 Code of Canon Law and the 1990 Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches)
Penyafort, Raymond of (patron of canon lawyers, codified Decretales Gregorii IX)
Photios I of Constantinople (father of Oriental canon law)

Civil law

Common law

Other legal systems

Hammurabi
Moses
Mohammed

Lists

Sources of law

Legislatures

List of legislatures by country

Courts

Prisons

List of prisons
- List of United Kingdom prisons
- United States

Other

External links

Law
Core subjects	Administrative law Constitutional law Contract Criminal law Deed Equity Evidence International law Law of obligations Procedure Civil Criminal Property law Public law Restitution Statutory law Tort
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Sources of law	Charter Constitution Custom Divine right Human rights Natural and legal rights Case law Precedent
Law making	Ballot measure Codification Decree Edict Executive order Proclamation Legislation Delegated legislation Regulation Rulemaking Promulgation Repeal Treaty Statutory law Statute Act of Parliament Act of Congress (US)
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Legal institutions	Bureaucracy The bar The bench Civil society Court Election commission Executive Judiciary Law enforcement Legal education Law school Legislature Military Police Political party Tribunal
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