List of Governors of Maryland
The Governor of Maryland heads the executive branch of the government of the U.S. state of Maryland and is commander-in-chief of the state's military forces.[1] The governor is the highest-ranking official in the state, and the constitutional powers of Maryland's governors make them among the most powerful governors in the United States.[2]
Since the American Revolution, Maryland has had a number of state constitutions that have specified different terms of office and methods of selection of its governors. Under the constitution of 1776, governors were appointed by the legislature to one-year terms. An 1838 constitutional amendment allowed the direct election of governors to three-year terms, although the governors came from rotating election districts. The terms were lengthened to four years in the 1851 Constitution and election districts were abolished in the 1864 version.[1] Since then, governors have been elected by the entire state of Maryland.
Maryland governors are limited to two consecutive terms, making former two-term governors eligible to run after four years out of office.[3] Thomas Sim Lee, Daniel Martin, and Robert Bowie have served non-consecutive terms as Governor of Maryland. Albert Ritchie holds the record of Maryland's longest-serving governor with 14 years of service.[4] Maryland has never had a female governor,[5] although one woman, Kathleen Kennedy Townsend, served as Lieutenant Governor under Parris Glendening from 1995 to 2003.[6]
The current governor is Republican Larry Hogan, who was elected on November 4, 2014.[7]
Governors
Federalist (8) Democratic-Republican (9) Anti-Jacksonian (3) Jacksonian (1) Whig (3) Democratic (27) Constitutional Union (1) Republican (9) | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Governor[5] | Term in office[8] | Party | Term | Previous office[8] | Lieutenant governor[6][lower-alpha 1] | |||||
1 | Thomas Johnson November 4, 1732 – October 26, 1819 (Aged 86) |
March 21, 1777 – November 12, 1779 |
Independent | 1 (1777) |
Continental Congress (1774–1775) |
None | ||||
2 (1778) | ||||||||||
2 | Thomas Sim Lee October 29, 1745 – November 9, 1819 (Aged 74) |
November 12, 1779 – November 22, 1782 |
Independent | 3 (1779) |
None | |||||
4 (1780) | ||||||||||
5 (1781) | ||||||||||
3 | William Paca October 31, 1740 – October 13, 1799 (Aged 58) |
November 22, 1782 – November 26, 1785 |
Independent | 6 (1782) |
Maryland State Senator (1777–1779) | |||||
7 (1783) | ||||||||||
8 (1784) | ||||||||||
4 | William Smallwood 1732 – February 14, 1792 (Aged 59–60) |
November 26, 1785 – November 24, 1788 |
Independent | 9 (1785) |
Colonel Continental Army | |||||
10 (1786) | ||||||||||
11 (1787) | ||||||||||
5 | John Eager Howard June 4, 1752 – October 12, 1827 (Aged 75) |
November 24, 1788 – November 14, 1791 |
Federalist | 12 (1788) |
Captain Continental Army | |||||
13 (1789) | ||||||||||
14 (1790) | ||||||||||
6 | George Plater November 8, 1735 – February 10, 1792 (Aged 56) |
November 14, 1791 – February 10, 1792 |
Federalist | 15 (1791) |
Maryland State Senator (1777–1790) | |||||
2 | Thomas Sim Lee October 29, 1745 – November 9, 1819 (Aged 74) |
April 5, 1792 – November 14, 1794 |
Federalist | 16 (1792) |
None | |||||
17 (1793) | ||||||||||
7 | John Hoskins Stone 1750 – October 5, 1804 (Aged 53–54) |
November 14, 1794 – November 17, 1797 |
Federalist | 18 (1794) |
Maryland State Delegate (1790) | |||||
19 (1795) | ||||||||||
20 (1796) | ||||||||||
8 | John Henry November 1750 – December 16, 1798 (Aged 48) |
November 17, 1797 – November 14, 1798 |
Democratic-Republican | 21 (1797) |
Maryland State Senator (1789–1797) | |||||
9 | Benjamin Ogle January 27, 1749 – July 7, 1809 (Aged 60) |
November 14, 1798 – November 10, 1801 |
Federalist | 22 (1798) |
None | |||||
23 (1799) | ||||||||||
24 (1800) | ||||||||||
10 | John F. Mercer May 17, 1759 – July 30, 1821 (Aged 62) |
November 10, 1801 – November 13, 1803 |
Democratic-Republican | 25 (1801) |
U.S. Representative from Maryland's 2nd (1793–1794) | |||||
26 (1802) | ||||||||||
11 | Robert Bowie March 1750 – January 8, 1818 (Aged 67) |
November 15, 1803 – November 10, 1806 |
Democratic-Republican | 27 (1803) |
Maryland State Delegate (1801–1803) | |||||
28 (1804) | ||||||||||
29 (1805) | ||||||||||
12 | Robert Wright November 20, 1752 – September 7, 1826 (Aged 73) |
November 12, 1806 – June 9, 1809 |
Democratic-Republican | 30 (1806) |
U.S. Senator from Maryland (1801–1806) | |||||
31 (1807) | ||||||||||
32 (1808) | ||||||||||
13 | Edward Lloyd V July 22, 1779 – June 2, 1834 (Aged 54) |
June 9, 1809 – November 16, 1811 |
Democratic-Republican | 33 (1809) |
Maryland State Delegate (1800–1805) | |||||
34 (1810) | ||||||||||
11 | Robert Bowie March 1750 – January 8, 1818 (Aged 67) |
November 16, 1811 – November 25, 1812 |
Democratic-Republican | 35 (1811) |
Maryland State Delegate (1801–1803) | |||||
14 | Levin Winder September 4, 1757 – July 1, 1819 (Aged 61) |
November 25, 1812 – January 2, 1816 |
Federalist | 36 (1812) |
Maryland State Delegate (1806–1809) | |||||
37 (1813) | ||||||||||
38 (1814) | ||||||||||
39 (1815) | ||||||||||
15 | Charles Carnan Ridgely December 6, 1760 – July 17, 1829 (Aged 68) |
January 2, 1816 – January 8, 1819 |
Federalist | 40 (1816) |
Maryland State Senator (1796–1800) | |||||
41 (1817) | ||||||||||
42 (1818) | ||||||||||
16 | Charles Goldsborough July 15, 1765 – December 13, 1834 (Aged 69) |
January 8, 1819 – December 20, 1819 |
Federalist | 43 (1819) |
U.S. Representative from Maryland's 8th (1805–1817) | |||||
17 | Samuel Sprigg 1783 – April 21, 1855 (Aged 71–72) |
December 20, 1819 – December 16, 1822 |
Democratic-Republican | N/A | None | |||||
44 (1820) | ||||||||||
45 (1821) | ||||||||||
18 | Samuel Stevens Jr. July 13, 1778 – February 7, 1860 (Aged 81) |
December 16, 1822 – January 9, 1826 |
Democratic-Republican | 46 (1822) |
Maryland State Delegate (1819–1820) | |||||
47 (1823) | ||||||||||
48 (1824) | ||||||||||
49 (1825) | ||||||||||
19 | Joseph Kent January 14, 1779 – November 24, 1837 (Aged 58) |
January 9, 1826 – January 15, 1829 |
Democratic-Republican | 50 (1826) |
U.S. Representative from Maryland's 2nd (1819–1826) | |||||
51 (1827) | ||||||||||
52 (1828) | ||||||||||
20 | Daniel Martin December 1780 – July 11, 1831 (Aged 50) |
January 15, 1829 – January 15, 1830 |
Anti-Jacksonian | 53 (1829) |
Maryland State Delegate (1819–1820) | |||||
21 | Thomas King Carroll April 29, 1793 – October 3, 1873 (Aged 80) |
January 15, 1830 – January 13, 1831 |
Jacksonian | 54 (1830) |
Maryland State Delegate (1816–1817) | |||||
20 | Daniel Martin December 1780 – July 11, 1831 (Aged 50) |
January 13, 1831 – July 11, 1831 |
Anti-Jacksonian | 55 (1831) |
Maryland State Delegate (1819–1820) | |||||
22 | George Howard November 21, 1789 – August 2, 1846 (Aged 56) |
July 11, 1831 – January 17, 1833 |
Anti-Jacksonian | None | ||||||
23 | James Thomas March 11, 1785 – December 25, 1845 (Aged 60) |
January 17, 1833 – January 14, 1836 |
Whig | 56 (1833) |
Maryland State Senator (1826–1831) | |||||
57 (1834) | ||||||||||
58 (1835) | ||||||||||
24 | Thomas Veazey January 31, 1774 – July 1, 1842 (Aged 68) |
January 14, 1836 – January 7, 1839 |
Whig | 59 (1836) |
Maryland State Delegate (1811–1812) | |||||
60 (1837) | ||||||||||
25 | William Grason March 11, 1778 – July 2, 1868 (Aged 80) |
January 7, 1839 – January 3, 1842 |
Democratic | 61 (1838) |
Maryland State Delegate (1837) | |||||
26 | Francis Thomas February 3, 1799 – January 22, 1876 (Aged 76) |
January 3, 1842 – January 6, 1845 |
Democratic | 62 (1841) |
U.S. Representative from Maryland's 6th (1835–1841) | |||||
27 | Thomas Pratt February 18, 1804 – November 9, 1869 (Aged 65) |
January 6, 1845 – January 3, 1848 |
Whig | 63 (1844) |
Maryland State Delegate (1832–1835) | |||||
28 | Philip F. Thomas September 12, 1810 – October 2, 1890 (Aged 80) |
January 3, 1848 – January 6, 1851 |
Democratic | 64 (1847) |
U.S. Representative from Maryland's 1st (1839–1841) | |||||
29 | Enoch Lowe August 10, 1820 – August 23, 1892 (Aged 72) |
January 6, 1851 – January 11, 1854 |
Democratic | 65 (1850) |
Maryland State Delegate (1845) | |||||
30 | Thomas Watkins Ligon May 10, 1810 – January 12, 1881 (Aged 70) |
January 11, 1854 – January 13, 1858 |
Democratic | 66 (1853) |
U.S. Representative from Maryland's 3rd (1845–1849) | |||||
31 | Thomas H. Hicks September 2, 1798 – February 14, 1865 (Aged 66) |
January 13, 1858 – January 8, 1862 |
Constitutional Union | 67 (1857) |
Maryland State Delegate (1830–1836) | |||||
32 | Augustus Bradford January 9, 1806 – March 1, 1881 (Aged 75) |
January 8, 1862 – January 10, 1866 |
Republican | N/A | Baltimore County Clerk of Courts (1845–1851) | |||||
33 | Thomas Swann March 3, 1809 – July 24, 1883 (Aged 74) |
January 10, 1866 – January 13, 1869 |
Republican | Mayor of Baltimore (1856–1860) |
Christopher C. Cox | |||||
34 | Oden Bowie November 10, 1826 – December 4, 1894 (Aged 68) |
January 13, 1869 – January 10, 1872 |
Democratic | 68 (1867) |
Maryland State Senator (1867–1869) |
None | ||||
35 | William Pinkney Whyte August 9, 1824 – March 17, 1908 (Aged 83) |
January 10, 1872 – March 4, 1874 |
Democratic | 69 (1871) |
U.S. Senator from Maryland (1868–1869) | |||||
36 | James Black Groome April 4, 1838 – October 5, 1893 (Aged 55) |
March 4, 1874 – January 12, 1876 |
Democratic | Maryland State Delegate (1872–1874) | ||||||
37 | John Lee Carroll September 30, 1830 – February 27, 1911 (Aged 80) |
January 12, 1876 – January 14, 1880 |
Democratic | 70 (1875) |
Maryland State Senator (1867–1876) | |||||
38 | William T. Hamilton September 8, 1820 – October 26, 1888 (Aged 68) |
January 14, 1880 – January 9, 1884 |
Democratic | 71 (1879) |
U.S. Senator from Maryland (1869–1875) | |||||
39 | Robert Milligan McLane June 23, 1815 – April 16, 1898 (Aged 82) |
January 9, 1884 – March 27, 1885 |
Democratic | 72 (1883) |
U.S. Representative from Maryland's 4th (1879–1883) | |||||
40 | Henry Lloyd February 21, 1852 – December 20, 1920 (Aged 68) |
March 27, 1885 – January 11, 1888 |
Democratic | Maryland State Senator (1882–1885) | ||||||
41 | Elihu Emory Jackson November 3, 1837 – December 27, 1907 (Aged 70) |
January 11, 1888 – January 13, 1892 |
Democratic | 73 (1887) |
Maryland State Senator (1884–1886) | |||||
42 | Frank Brown August 8, 1846 – February 3, 1920 (Aged 73) |
January 13, 1892 – January 8, 1896 |
Democratic | 74 (1891) |
Maryland State Delegate (1876–1878) | |||||
43 | Lloyd Lowndes Jr. February 21, 1845 – January 8, 1905 (Aged 59) |
January 8, 1896 – January 10, 1900 |
Republican | 75 (1895) |
U.S. Representative from Maryland's 6th (1873–1875) | |||||
44 | John W. Smith February 5, 1845 – April 19, 1925 (Aged 80) |
January 10, 1900 – January 13, 1904 |
Democratic | 76 (1899) |
U.S. Representative from Maryland's 1st (1899–1900) | |||||
45 | Edwin Warfield May 7, 1848 – March 31, 1920 (Aged 71) |
January 13, 1904 – January 8, 1908 |
Democratic | 77 (1903) |
Maryland State Senator (1881–1887) | |||||
46 | Austin Lane Crothers May 17, 1860 – May 25, 1912 (Aged 52) |
January 8, 1908 – January 10, 1912 |
Democratic | 78 (1907) |
Maryland State Delegate (1897–1900) | |||||
47 | Phillips Lee Goldsborough August 6, 1865 – October 22, 1946 (Aged 81) |
January 10, 1912 – January 12, 1916 |
Republican | 79 (1911) |
Comptroller of Maryland (1898–1900) | |||||
48 | Emerson Harrington March 26, 1864 – December 15, 1945 (Aged 81) |
January 12, 1916 – January 14, 1920 |
Democratic | 80 (1915) |
Comptroller of Maryland (1912–1916) | |||||
49 | Albert Ritchie August 29, 1876 – February 24, 1936 (Aged 59) |
January 14, 1920 – January 9, 1935 |
Democratic | 81 (1919) |
Attorney General of Maryland (1915–1919) | |||||
82 (1923) | ||||||||||
83 (1926) | ||||||||||
84 (1930) | ||||||||||
50 | Harry Nice December 5, 1877 – February 25, 1941 (Aged 63) |
January 9, 1935 – January 11, 1939 |
Republican | 85 (1934) |
Baltimore City Alderman (1903–1905) | |||||
51 | Herbert O'Conor November 17, 1896 – March 4, 1960 (Aged 63) |
January 11, 1939 – January 3, 1947 |
Democratic | 86 (1938) |
Attorney General of Maryland (1935–1939) | |||||
87 (1942) | ||||||||||
52 | William Preston Lane Jr. May 12, 1892 – February 7, 1967 (Aged 74) |
January 3, 1947 – January 10, 1951 |
Democratic | 88 (1946) |
Attorney General of Maryland (1930–1934) | |||||
53 | Theodore Roosevelt McKeldin November 20, 1900 – August 10, 1974 (Aged 73) |
January 10, 1951 – January 14, 1959 |
Republican | 89 (1950) |
Mayor of Baltimore (1943–1947) | |||||
90 (1954) | ||||||||||
54 | John Millard Tawes April 8, 1894 – June 25, 1979 (Aged 85) |
January 14, 1959 – January 25, 1967 |
Democratic | 91 (1958) |
Comptroller of Maryland (1950–1959) | |||||
92 (1962) | ||||||||||
55 | Spiro T. Agnew November 9, 1918 – September 17, 1996 (Aged 77) |
January 25, 1967 – January 7, 1969 |
Republican | 93 (1966) |
Baltimore County Executive (1962–1966) | |||||
56 | Marvin Mandel April 19, 1920 – August 30, 2015 (Aged 95) |
January 7, 1969 – January 17, 1979 |
Democratic | 94 (1969) |
Speaker of the Maryland House of Delegates (1964–1969) |
Blair Lee III | ||||
95 (1974) | ||||||||||
57 | Harry R. Hughes November 13, 1926 (Age 90) |
January 17, 1979 – January 20, 1987 |
Democratic | 96 (1978) |
Maryland State Senator (1959–1971) |
Samuel Bogley | ||||
97 (1982) |
J. Joseph Curran Jr. | |||||||||
58 | William Donald Schaefer November 2, 1921 – April 18, 2011 (Aged 89) |
January 20, 1987 – January 18, 1995 |
Democratic | 98 (1986) |
Mayor of Baltimore (1971–1989) |
Melvin Steinberg | ||||
99 (1990) | ||||||||||
59 | Parris L. Glendening June 11, 1942 (Age 74) |
January 18, 1995 – January 15, 2003 |
Democratic | 100 (1994) |
Prince George's County Executive (1983–1994) |
Kathleen Kennedy Townsend | ||||
101 (1998) | ||||||||||
60 | Robert (Bob) Ehrlich Jr. November 25, 1957 (Age 59) |
January 15, 2003 – January 17, 2007 |
Republican | 102 (2002) |
U.S. Representative from Maryland's 2nd (1995–2003) |
Michael Steele | ||||
61 | Martin O'Malley January 18, 1963 (Age 54) |
January 17, 2007 – January 21, 2015 |
Democratic | 103 (2006) |
Mayor of Baltimore (1999–2007) |
Anthony G. Brown | ||||
104 (2010) | ||||||||||
62 | Lawrence (Larry) Hogan Jr. May 25, 1956 (Age 60) |
January 21, 2015 – Incumbent |
Republican | 105 (2014) |
Maryland Secretary of Appointments (2003–2007) |
Boyd Rutherford |
Living former U.S. governors of Maryland
As of May 2017, four former U.S. governors of Maryland are currently living, the oldest being Harry Hughes (1979–1987, born 1926). The most recent U.S. governor of Maryland to die was Marvin Mandel (served 1969–1979, born 1920), on August 30, 2015.[11] The most recently serving governor to die was William Donald Schaefer (served 1987–1995, born 1921) on April 18, 2011.[12]
Governor | Gubernatorial term | Date of birth (and age) |
---|---|---|
Harry R. Hughes | 1979–1987 | November 13, 1926 |
Parris N. Glendening | 1995–2003 | June 11, 1942 |
Robert L. Ehrlich, Jr. | 2003–2007 | November 25, 1957 |
Martin O'Malley | 2007–2015 | January 18, 1963 |
See also
References
- 1 2 "Maryland Governor - Origin & Functions". Maryland Manual Online. Retrieved June 24, 2007.
- ↑ Prah, Pamela (March 9, 2007). "Massachusetts gov rated most powerful (archived)". Stateline.Org. Retrieved June 25, 2007.
- ↑ "Maryland Governor: Origins and Functions". Maryland Manual Online. Maryland State Archives. 2006. Retrieved June 27, 2007.
- ↑ "Albert C. Ritchie, State House titan". The Baltimore Sun. July 22, 1999. Retrieved May 30, 2017.
- 1 2 "Archives of Maryland Historical List Governors of Maryland, 1634--". Maryland State Archives. January 21, 2015. Retrieved May 30, 2017.
- 1 2 "Maryland Lieutenant Governors". Maryland State Archives. May 1, 2017. Retrieved May 30, 2017.
- ↑ Wagner, John; Johnson, Jenna (November 5, 2014). "Republican Larry Hogan wins Md. governor’s race in stunning upset". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 5, 2014.
- 1 2 "Maryland : Past Governors Bios". National Governors Association. 2015. Retrieved May 30, 2017.
- ↑ Dayhoff, Kevin (December 7, 2005). "Why We Have a Lieutenant Governor". The Tentacle. Retrieved May 30, 2017.
- ↑ Papenfouse, Edward. The Archives of Maryland, new series, An Historical List of Public Officials of Maryland. I. Annapolis, MD: Maryland State Archives: 1990.
- ↑ Dresser, Michael; Colin Campbell (August 31, 2015). "Former Maryland Gov. Marvin Mandel dies". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved May 30, 2017.
- ↑ Bernstein, Adam (April 18, 2011). "William Donald Schaefer dies; Maryland governor, comptroller, Baltimore mayor". The Washington Post. Retrieved May 30, 2017.