List of left-wing rebel groups

This is a list of left-wing rebel groups around the world. These groups are seeking change through armed conflict or illegal protest in opposition to an established government. This list does not contain those legal armed forces in communist states.

List of active groups

All groups still engaging in armed struggle today.

Country Group Strength Official Ideology
International Animal Liberation Front UnknownAnimal rights
Earth Liberation Front Environmentalism
 Afghanistan Afghanistan Liberation Organization Maoism
Communist (Maoist) Party of Afghanistan Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
 Bangladesh Maoist Bolshevik Reorganisation Movement of the Purba Banglar Sarbahara Party UnknownMaoism
Purbo Banglar Communist Party UnknownMaoism
Purba Banglar Sarbahara Party UnknownCommunism
 Bhutan Bhutan Communist Party (Marxist–Leninist–Maoist) 600–1,000Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
 Bolivia People's Revolutionary Front (Marxist−Leninist−Maoist) UnknownMarxism–Leninism–Maoism
 Canada Résistance internationaliste UnknownAnarchism
 China Maoist Communist Party of China UnknownMarxism–Leninism–Maoism
 Colombia National Liberation Army 1,380–3,000Marxism
Popular Liberation Army 90–200Hoxhaism
Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People's Army 7,000–10,000Marxism–Leninism
 Ecuador Communist Party of Ecuador–Red Sun UnknownMarxism–Leninism–Maoism
Group of Popular Combatants Hoxhaism
 France ETA 50Revolutionary socialism
 Greece Anti-State Justice UnknownAnarchism
Black Star UnknownAnarchism
Conspiracy of Fire Nuclei UnknownAnarchism
Revolutionary Nuclei UnknownFar-left politics
Revolutionary Struggle UnknownAnarchist communism
Sect of Revolutionaries UnknownFar-left politics
Thieves in Black UnknownAnarchism
 India Akhil Bharat Nepali Ekta Samaj UnknownMaoism
Communist Party of India (Maoist) People's Liberation Guerrilla Army: 8,000–9,000 (September 2013)
People's Militia: 38,000 (armed with bows, arrows, and machetes)
Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
Maoist Communist Party of Manipur
  • New People's Militia
UnknownMarxism–Leninism–Maoism
National Socialist Council of Nagaland ~4,500Maoism
People's Liberation Army of Manipur 3,800 (2008)Maoism
 Iran Communist Party of Iran (Marxist–Leninist–Maoist) UnknownMarxism–Leninism–Maoism
Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan UnknownDemocratic socialism
Komala Party of Iranian Kurdistan 800–900Revolutionary socialism
Kurdistan Free Life Party UnknownDemocratic confederalism
People's Mujahedin of Iran UnknownIslamic socialism
Worker-communist Party of Iran – Hekmatist UnknownWorkerism
 Iraq Al-Awda UnknownBa'athism
General Military Council for Iraqi Revolutionaries General Military Council for Iraqi Revolutionaries: 75,000[1]
Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order: 5,000+[2]
Ba'athism
Jeish Muhammad UnknownBa'athism
Sinjar Alliance Sinjar Resistance Units: 1,500[3]Democratic confederalism
Supreme Command for Jihad and Liberation 1,000+Ba'athism
 Italy Informal Anarchist Federation UnknownInsurrectionary anarchism
 Japan Japan Revolutionary Communist League (Revolutionary Marxist Faction) Trotskyism
 Lebanon Popular Nasserist Organization UnknownNasserism
As-Sa'iqa UnknownBa'athism
Lebanese Communist Party UnknownMarxism–Leninism
 Libya Green Resistance UnknownIslamic socialism
Brigade 93 UnknownIslamic socialism
 Mexico Popular Revolutionary Army UnknownMaoism
Zapatista Army of National Liberation UnknownNeozapatismo
 Myanmar Kachin Independence Army 8,000Communism
Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army 2,000[4]–4,000[5]Communism
 Palestine Abu Nidal Organization UnknownArab socialism
Fatah al-Intifada UnknownSocialism
Palestine Liberation Organization UnknownSocialism
 Paraguay Paraguayan People's Army 50–80Communism
 Peru Shining Path 4,200Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
 Philippines Communist Party of the Philippines 83 guerilla front all over the countryMarxism–Leninism–Maoism
Moro National Liberation Front UnknownEgalitarianism
Revolutionary Workers' Party UnknownMarxism–Leninism
Revolutionary Workers Party – Mindanao[6] UnknownTrotskyism
 Russia New Revolutionary Alternative UnknownInsurrectionary anarchism
 Syria Democratic Union Party 50,000[7]Democratic confederalism
International Freedom Battalion UnknownRevolutionary socialism
Ba'ath Brigades 7,000 claimed[8]Ba'athism
Syrian Resistance 2,000[9]Marxism–Leninism
 Turkey Civil Protection Units
  • Civil Protection Units-Women
1,000Democratic confederalism
Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist (Maoist Party Centre) UnknownMarxism–Leninism–Maoism
Peoples' United Revolutionary Movement Kurdistan Workers' Party: Over 32,800 active fighters (2015 Turkish claim)[10] Revolutionary socialism
Revolutionary People's Liberation Party/Front UnknownMarxism–Leninism
 Ukraine Borotba UnknownMarxism–Leninism
 United Kingdom Continuity Irish Republican Army 50 or less "hard-core" operatives[11] and fewer than 200 members in total[12]Irish republican socialism
Irish Republican Liberation Army UnknownIrish republicanism
Óglaigh na hÉireann 50 members[13]Irish republicanism
Real Irish Republican Army 250–300[14]Irish republicanism
 United States Black Guerrilla Family 100-300 full members with 50,000 associatesMarxism–Leninism[15]
 Western Sahara Polisario Front 6–7,000 active soldiersIslamic socialism
 Yemen Southern Movement UnknownSocialism

List of successful groups

All groups who no longer exist because they have met their goals, some are now the established government in their respective region.

Country Group Strength Official Ideology
 Algeria National Liberation Front 300,000Arab socialism
Algerian Communist Party Communism
 Albania National Liberation Movement 70,000 Marxism–Leninism
 Angola MPLA UnknownLeft-wing nationalism
 Belgium Front de l'Indépendance Communism
Österreichische Freiheitsfront 75+Communism
 Bangladesh Mukti Bahini 150,000Socialism, Bengali nationalism
 Bulgaria Fatherland Front UnknownMarxism–Leninism
 Cambodia Khmer Rouge Maoism
 China Communist Party of China 2,285,000 active and 510,000 reserve (as government army)Marxism–Leninism
 Cuba 26th of July Movement UnknownRevolutionary socialism
 Eritrea Eritrean People's Liberation Front Marxism–Leninism
 Ethiopia All-Ethiopia Socialist Movement UnknownMarxism–Leninism
Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front UnknownMarxism
Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Party UnknownMarxism–Leninism
 Greece National Liberation Front Communism
National Republican Greek League ca.12,000 (October 1944) Socialism
 Guinea-Bissau African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde 10,000Marxism
 Italy Italian resistance movement Mainly various forms of Communism, Socialism,
Anarchism and Republicanism
 Laos Pathet Lao Marxism–Leninism
 Mozambique FRELIMO 10,000–15,000Marxism–Leninism
 Namibia SWANU UnknownDemocratic socialism
SWAPO UnknownDemocratic socialism
 Nicaragua Sandinista National Liberation Front Sandinismo
 Poland Gwardia Ludowa Communism
 Russia Bolsheviks UnknownLeninism
 South Vietnam Viet Cong Marxism–Leninism
 South Yemen National Liberation Front UnknownMarxism
 Yugoslavia Yugoslav Partisans 80,000 – 800,000 Communism
 Zimbabwe Zimbabwe African National Union Democratic socialism
Zimbabwe African People's Union Left-wing nationalism

List of failed groups

All groups that have failed at their end goal or have dissolved, and no longer exist.

Country Group Strength Official Ideology
 Argentina Montoneros Peronism
People's Revolutionary Army Guevarism
 Bahrain Popular Front for the Liberation of Bahrain UnknownMarxism–Leninism
 Belgium Partisans Armés Communism
 Bolivia Ñancahuazú Guerrilla 29 Bolivians 25 Cubans 3 Peruvians 1 Argentine-Cuban (Che) 1 Argentine-German (Tania) Revolutionary socialism
 Canada FLQ Left-wing nationalism
 Chile Lautaro Youth Movement Communism
 China East Turkestan People's Revolutionary Party 60,000 (claimed)[16]Marxism–Leninism
United Revolutionary Front of East Turkestan Marxism–Leninism
 Estonia Soviet Republic of Naissaar Revolutionary socialism
 Finland Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic Revolutionary socialism
 France Action directe Libertarian socialism
Paris Commune On paper, 200,000; in reality, probably between 25,000 and 50,000 actual combatantsRevolutionary socialism
 Germany Alsace Soviet Republic 14Soviet republicanism
Anti-Imperialist Cell 2Anti-imperialism
Bavarian Council Republic UnknownSocialism
Communist Party of Germany 360,000 in 1932Marxism
European Union Socialism
Free Workers' Union of Germany UnknownAnarcho-syndicalism
Militante gruppe (mg) UnknownCommunism
Revolutionary Cells New Left
Spartacus League UnknownLuxemburgism
 Italy Armed Proletarians for Communism Communism
Autonomia Operaia Autonomism
Lotta Continua Communism
October 22 Group Marxism–Leninism
Political-Military Communist Party Communism
Potere Operaio Workerism
Prima Linea Marxism–Leninism
Red Brigades UnknownMarxism–Leninism
 Lebanon Arab Communist Organization UnknownCommunism
Front of Patriotic and National Parties UnknownLeft-wing nationalism
Lebanese National Movement 18,700 in 1976Arab socialism
Lebanese National Resistance Front 1,000–2,000Arab socialism
 Mexico Liga Comunista 23 de Septiembre UnknownMarxism–Leninism
Party of the Poor UnknownSocialism
 North Yemen National Democratic Front UnknownSocialism
 Oman Dhofar Liberation Front UnknownMarxism
Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman UnknownMarxism
Popular Front for the Liberation of the Occupied Arabian Gulf UnknownMarxism
 Palestine Arab Palestine Organization UnknownNasserism
Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – Special Command UnknownMarxism–Leninism
 Peru National Liberation Army Guevarism
Puka Llacta Maoism
Revolutionary Left Movement Marxism
Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement Marxism–Leninism
 Russia Black Guards UnknownAnarchist communism
Green armies UnknownVague Leftism
Kronstadt rebels 17,961 at highest Leftist Anti-Leninism
Left Socialist Revolutionaries Unknown Socialism
Mensheviks UnknownOrthodox Marxism
Socialist Revolutionary Party UnknownAgrarian socialism
 Saudi Arabia Arab Socialist Action Party – Arabian Peninsula UnknownNasserism
Arabian Peninsula People's Union UnknownNasserism
 Spain Andecha Obrera Marxism–Leninism
Canary Islands Independence Movement Left-wing nationalism
Catalan Liberation Front Marxism–Leninism
Catalan Red Liberation Army Marxism–Leninism
Communist Party of Spain (international) (1975) Communism
Exército Guerrilheiro do Povo Galego Ceive Revolutionary socialism
First of May Group Left anarchism
Iberian Liberation Movement Council communism
Liga Armada Galega Marxism–Leninism
Loita Armada Revolucionaria Marxism–Leninism
Los Solidarios About 11Anarcho-syndicalism
Organización Obreira 100+[17]Marxism–Leninism
Popular Liberation Front New Left
Revolutionary Antifascist Patriotic Front Marxism–Leninism
Segi Socialism
Spanish National Liberation Front Marxism–Leninism
Terra Lliure Marxism
Workers' Front of Catalonia Socialism
 Turkey People's Liberation Army of Turkey Marxism–Leninism
People's Liberation Party-Front of Turkey Marxism-Leninism
 Ukraine Donetsk–Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic UnknownRevolutionary socialism
Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine 103,000 (December 1919)Anarchist communism
Odessa Soviet Republic UnknownRevolutionary socialism
 United Kingdom Irish People's Liberation Organisation UnknownIrish republican socialism
Irish Republican Army 14,500 (at maximum) 1,000 (at minimum) Marxism (later)
King Mob UnknownSituationism
Official Irish Republican Army UnknownMarxism
Saor Éire UnknownIrish republican socialism
Saor Uladh UnknownIrish republicanism
The Angry Brigade UnknownLeft anarchism
 United States Black Liberation Army UnknownSocialism
Black Panther Party UnknownMarxism–Leninism
Black Revolutionary Assault Team UnknownAfrican-American leftism
Boricua Popular Army 1,100 - 5,700Left-wing Nationalism
Fuerzas Armadas de Liberación Nacional Puertorriqueña Marxism-Leninism
George Jackson Brigade 5 at highestCommunism
John Brown Anti-Klan Committee UnknownRadical left
May 19th Communist Organization UnknownCommunism
MOVE Most famous the "MOVE 9"Anarcho-primitivism
National Black Antiwar Antidraft Union African-American leftism
Seattle Liberation Front Most famous the "Seattle Seven".New Left
Symbionese Liberation Army 16 in totalCommunism
The Camden 28 28Christian left
United Freedom Front Known as the "Ohio 7"Marxism
Weather Underground UnknownMarxism–Leninism
Up Against the Wall Motherfuckers Left anarchism
White Panther Party UnknownRevolutionary socialism
 West Germany 2 June Movement 14Left anarchism
Red Army Faction Marxism–Leninism
Rote Zora New Left
Tupamaros West-Berlin UnknownMarxism
 Venezuela Revolutionary Left Movement UnknownMarxism
 Zimbabwe Front for the Liberation of Zimbabwe Communism

List of former groups

All groups that still exist today, but no longer engage in armed struggle as they did in the past.

Country Group Strength Official Ideology
 Chile Manuel Rodríguez Patriotic Front 1,000 - 1,500Marxism–Leninism
Revolutionary Left Movement UnknownMarxism
 El Salvador Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front Marxism-Leninism
 Lebanon Al-Mourabitoun 1,000 regular fighters and 2,000 reservistsNasserism
Communist Action Organization in Lebanon UnknownMarxism–Leninism
Lebanese Communist Party 2,000Marxism–Leninism
Nasserist Unionists Movement UnknownNasserism
Popular Nasserist Organization UnknownNasserism
Progressive Socialist Party 5,000Socialism
Toilers League UnknownNasserism
 Lesotho Basutoland Congress Party Left-wing nationalism
 South Africa African National Congress UnknownLeft-wing nationalism
Azanian People's Organisation UnknownSocialism
Pan Africanist Congress of Azania UnknownAfrican socialism
 Spain Communist Party of Spain UnknownCommunism
Communist Party of Spain (Reconstituted) Marxism–Leninism
Confederación Nacional del Trabajo UnknownAnarcho-syndicalism
ETA 50 in the year 2011Revolutionary socialism
 United Kingdom Cumann na mBan Irish republicanism
Irish National Liberation Army Marxism–Leninism
Provisional Irish Republican Army Irish republicanism
 Uruguay Tupamaros Communism
 Venezuela Communist Party of Venezuela Marxism–Leninism
Red Flag Party Marxism–Leninism

See also

References

  1. Heras, Nicholas A. "The Tribal Component of Iraq’s Sunni Rebellion: The General Military Council for Iraqi Revolutionaries". The Jamestown Foundation. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
  2. Colin Freeman (18 May 2013). "Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri: the King of Clubs is back, and he may yet prove to be Saddam Hussein's trump card". The Telegraph.
  3. "Yazidis Form Militia To Protect Sinjar Mountain". Aina. 6 August 2014. Retrieved 7 November 2014.
  4. Myanmar Peace Monitor - MNDAA
  5. "47 Govt Troops Killed, Tens of Thousands Flee Heavy Fighting in Shan State". irrawaddy.org.
  6. "International Viewpoint - online socialist magazine | The Revolutionary Workers’ Party-Mindanao (RPM-M) and the Left in the Philippines". internationalviewpoint.org. Retrieved 2015-12-02.
  7. Perry, Tom (15 August 2015). "Syrian Kurds now say they now control territory the size of Qatar and Kuwait combined". Business Insider.
  8. كتائب البعث» إلى شوارع دمشق» (in Arabic). Al Akhbar. 30 December 2013. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
  9. Albayrak, Aydin. "Mihraç Ural, a man with a long history of terrorism". Today's Zaman. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  10. Sabah "The PKK In Numbers"., 28 December 2015
  11. . DoS.
  12. . START.
  13. "Oglaigh na hEireann is now the main threat". Belfasttelegraph.co.uk. 2 December 2010. Retrieved 28 March 2011.
  14. "Tom Brady: Threat level remains severe after merger of terror groups". Irish Independent, 14 September 2012. Retrieved 5 October 2012.
  15. Cummins, E. (1994). The Rise and Fall of California's Radical Prison Movement. Stanford University Press. p. 136. ISBN 9780804722322. Retrieved 2015-12-02.
  16. Rémi Castets, Opposition politique, nationalisme et islam chez les Ouïghours du Xinjiang, Les Études du CERI, October 2004. (in French)
  17. Manuel Anxo Fernández Baz, A formación do nacionalismo contemporáneo (1963–1984), Santiago, 2003
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