List of sovereign states and dependent territories in South America

This is a list of sovereign states and dependent territories in South America. It includes both fully recognized states and dependent territories of both South American and non-South American states. It lists 12 sovereign states and 3 non-sovereign territories.

South America is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east by the Atlantic Ocean. North America and the Caribbean Sea lie to the northwest. South America has an area of approximately 17,840,000 square kilometres (6,890,000 sq mi), or almost 3.5% of the Earth's surface. As of 2008, its population is more than 380 million, according to estimates of population in The World Factbook. South America ranks fourth among all continents in area (after Asia, Africa, and North America) and fifth in population (after Asia, Africa, Europe, and North America).[1]

The division between North and South America is unclear, lying somewhere in the Isthmus of Panama. However, Panama is not considered transcontinental, and is generally considered to be wholly a part of North America.

Sovereign states

A sovereign state is a political association with effective sovereignty over a population for whom it makes decisions in the national interest.[2] According to the Montevideo convention, a state must have a permanent population, a defined territory, a government, and the capacity to enter into relations with other states.[3] The following states are all members of the United Nations[4] and members of the Union of South American Nations.[5]

Flag Map English short and formal names
[6][7][8]
Domestic short and formal names
[6][7]
Capital
[8][9][10]
Population
[11]
Area
[12]
Flag of Argentina
Map showing Argentina
Argentina

Argentine Republic
Spanish: Argentina — República Argentina Buenos Aires

Spanish: Ciudad de Buenos Aires
41,769,726 2,780,400 km2 (1,073,518 sq mi)
Flag of Bolivia
Map showing Bolivia
Bolivia

Plurinational State of Bolivia
Spanish: Bolivia — Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia Sucre

Spanish: Sucre[n 1]
10,118,683 1,098,581 km2 (424,164 sq mi)
Flag of Brazil
Map showing Brazil
Brazil

Federative Republic of Brazil
Portuguese: Brasil — República Federativa do Brasil Brasília

Portuguese: Brasília
203,429,773 8,514,877 km2 (3,287,612 sq mi)
Flag of Chile
Map showing Chile
Chile[n 2]

Republic of Chile
Spanish: Chile — República de Chile Santiago[n 3]

Spanish: Santiago
16,888,760 756,102 km2 (291,933 sq mi)
Flag of Colombia
Map showing Colombia
Colombia

Republic of Colombia
Spanish: Colombia — República de Colombia Bogotá / Santa Fe de Bogotá

Spanish: Bogotá
46,366,364 1,138,910 km2 (439,736 sq mi)
Flag of Ecuador
Map showing Ecuador
Ecuador

Republic of Ecuador
Spanish: Ecuador — República del Ecuador Quito

Spanish: Quito
15,007,343 283,561 km2 (109,484 sq mi)
Flag of Guyana
Map showing Guyana
Guyana

Co-operative Republic of Guyana
English: Guyana — Co-operative Republic of Guyana Georgetown

English: Georgetown
744,768 214,969 km2 (83,000 sq mi)
Flag of Paraguay
Map showing Paraguay
Paraguay

Republic of Paraguay
Spanish: Paraguay — República del Paraguay

Guarani: Paraguai — Tetã Paraguai
Asunción

Spanish: Asunción
6,459,058 406,752 km2 (157,048 sq mi)
Flag of Peru
Map showing Peru
Peru

Republic of Peru
Aymara: Perú

Quechua: Perú

Spanish: Perú — República del Perú
Lima

Spanish: Lima
29,248,943 1,285,216 km2 (496,225 sq mi)
Flag of Suriname
Map showing Suriname
Suriname

Republic of Suriname
Dutch: Suriname — Republiek Suriname Paramaribo

Dutch: Paramaribo
491,989 163,820 km2 (63,251 sq mi)
Flag of Uruguay
Map showing Uruguay
Uruguay

Eastern Republic of Uruguay[n 4]
Spanish: Uruguay — República Oriental del Uruguay Montevideo

Spanish: Montevideo
3,308,535 176,215 km2 (68,037 sq mi)
Flag of Venezuela
Map showing Venezuela
Venezuela

Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela
Spanish: Venezuela — República Bolivariana de Venezuela Caracas

Spanish: Caracas
27,635,743 912,050 km2 (352,144 sq mi)

Non-sovereign territories

Dependent territories

Flag Map English name[6][8] Legal status Domestic name Capital[9] Population[11] Area[12]
Flag of the Falkland Islands
Map showing the Falkland Islands
Falkland Islands British overseas territory English: Falkland Islands Stanley

English: Stanley
3,140 12,173 km2 (4,700 sq mi)
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
Map showing South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands[n 5] British overseas territory English: South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands King Edward Point

English: King Edward Point
0 3,903 km2 (1,507 sq mi)

Other areas

Flag Map English name[6][8] Legal status Domestic name Capital[9] Population[11] Area[12]
The flag of the France, as used in French Guiana
Map showing French Guiana
French Guiana French overseas region French: Guyane Cayenne

French: Cayenne
250,109[13] 83,534 km2 (32,253 sq mi)

Economic statistics

Name Currency GDP (PPP) per capita[n 6]
(2008 est. in U.S. dollars)
Notes
Argentina Argentine peso 14,200 [14]
Bolivia Boliviano 4,500 [15]
Brazil Brazilian real 10,100 [16]
Chile Chilean peso 14,900 [17]
Colombia Colombian peso 8,900 [18]
Ecuador United States dollar 7,500 [19]
Falkland Islands (UK) Falkland Islands pound 35,400 (2002 est.) [20]
French Guiana (France) Euro 6,000 (2001 est.) [21][22]
Guyana Guyanese dollar 3,900 [23]
Paraguay Paraguayan guaraní 4,200 [24]
Peru Peruvian nuevo sol 8,400 [25]
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (UK)
Suriname Surinamese dollar 8,900 [26]
Uruguay Uruguayan peso 12,200 [27]
Venezuela Venezuelan bolívar 13,500 [28]

See also

Notes

  1. While Sucre is the constitutional capital, La Paz is the seat of the government.
  2. Includes Easter Island in the Pacific Ocean, a Chilean territory frequently reckoned in Oceania.
  3. While Santiago is the constitutional capital of Chile, Valparaíso is the site of legislative meetings.
  4. Also translated as "Oriental Republic of Uruguay".
  5. Sometimes grouped with Antarctica rather than South America
  6. The CIA's estimate for GDP per capita (PPP) is used in the article. For the World Bank and International Monetary Fund's estimates, see List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita.

References

  1. The New York Times Guide to Essential Knowledge: A Desk Reference for the Curious Mind (2nd ed.), New York: St. Martin's Press, 2007, p. 598, ISBN 0-312-37659-6, OCLC 173243876
  2. Ashley, Richard K (1 June 1988). "Untying the Sovereign State: A Double Reading of the Anarchy Problematique". Millennium - Journal of International Studies. Sage Journals Online. 17 (2): 227–262. doi:10.1177/03058298880170020901. Retrieved 15 February 2012.
  3. "Montevideo Convention on the Rights and Duties of States". Council on Foreign Relations. 26 December 1933. Retrieved 15 February 2012.
  4. "United Nations Member States". United Nations. Retrieved 15 February 2012.
  5. "Estados Miembros" (in Spanish). Secretaria General de UNASUR. Retrieved 15 February 2012.
  6. 1 2 3 4 "Field Listing :: Names". Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 7 February 2012.
  7. 1 2 "UNGEGN List of Country Names" (PDF). United Nations Statistics Division. 2007. Retrieved 2011-02-24.
  8. 1 2 3 4 "List of countries, territories and currencies". Europa. 7 February 2012. Retrieved 7 February 2012.
  9. 1 2 3 "Field Listing :: Capital". Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 7 February 2012.
  10. "UNGEGN World Geographical Names". United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names. 9 December 2011. Retrieved 7 February 2012.
  11. 1 2 3 "Country Comparison :: Population". Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 7 February 2012.
  12. 1 2 3 "Field Listing :: Area". Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 7 February 2012.
  13. INSEE. "Estimation de population au 1er janvier, par région, sexe et grande classe d'âge – Année 2013" (in French). Retrieved 2014-01-26.
  14. "The World Factbook: Argentina". CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Retrieved 2008-06-12.
  15. "The World Factbook: Bolivia". CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Retrieved 2008-06-12.
  16. "The World Factbook: Brazil". CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Retrieved 2008-06-12.
  17. "The World Factbook: Chile". CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Retrieved 2008-06-12.
  18. "The World Factbook: Colombia". CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Retrieved 2008-06-12.
  19. "The World Factbook: Ecuador". CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Retrieved 2008-06-12.
  20. "The World Factbook: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)". CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Retrieved 2008-06-12.
  21. Americas Review 2003/2004: Economic and Business Report (21st ed.). London: Kogan Page. 2003. p. 79. ISBN 0-7494-4064-3. ISSN 1351-4571.
  22. "Résultats régionaux des enquêtes de recensement de 2004 à 2007" (in French). INSEE. Retrieved 2008-06-12.
  23. "The World Factbook: Guyana". CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Retrieved 2008-06-12.
  24. "The World Factbook: Paraguay". CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Retrieved 2008-06-12.
  25. "The World Factbook: Peru". CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Retrieved 2008-06-12.
  26. "The World Factbook: Suriname". CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Retrieved 2008-06-12.
  27. "The World Factbook: Uruguay". CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Retrieved 2008-06-12.
  28. "The World Factbook: Venezuela". CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Retrieved 2008-06-12.
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